Mame a mchere (kuphatikizapo phulusa, nsalu) ndi matenda wamba komanso owopsa omwe amawoneka pazitsamba zamkati ndi kunja ndikusowa chithandizo mwamsanga.
Kodi ndi zoopsa ndipo zimachokera kuti?
Mame amodzi ndi owopsa kwa zomera osati chifukwa cha kutaya kwa kukongoletsera kwawo, komanso pamene matendawa akuwoneka, chomeracho chimataya zakudya zake, ndipo mapuloteni, kupuma ndi kusuntha zimasokonezeka. Zonsezi zimapangitsa kuti masamba ayambe kuuma ndi kufa.
Kupyolera mu mapesi a masamba, matendawa amapita ku mphukira zazing'ono, zomwe zimafa ngakhale pang'ono kuzizira, chifukwa iwo asanakhale ndi nthawi yopanga.
Matendawa ndi owopsa osati masamba okha ndi mphukira zazing'ono, zimapangitsa kuti zomera zonse zisokonezeke, zomwe zimabweretsa zotsatira zosasinthika ndi imfa.
Mukudziwa? Kawirikawiri powdery mildew sizitha kuchiritsidwa, zingathe kuwononga ngakhale mtengo wa oak wopitirira zaka 50.
Ambiri amadabwa kumene powdery mildew amachokera. Mame a mchere ndi matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha bowa omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala m'nthaka, koma amadziwonetsera okha pazifukwa zina:- pa kutentha kwakukulu ndi kutentha kwa pafupifupi 25 ° C;
- ndi mkulu wa nayitrogeni pansi;
- ndi zomera zowonjezereka;
- pa kusagwirizana ndi njira ya ulimi wothirira. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi zambiri musamamwe maluwa musanafike pamwamba. Kapena gwedeza nthaka, kenako mubwere madzi ambiri. Zochita zoterezi zimapangitsa kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chitetezeke komanso matenda omwe amatsatira.
- ndi mpweya (kuchokera ku zomera zomwe zakhudzidwa kale);
- kudzera m'madzi, omwe akuwidwa;
- kupyolera mu mikono (ngati mutakhudza chomera, ndiyeno wathanzi);
- kudzera parasitic tizilombo.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati muli ndi duwa m'nyumba mwanu yomwe inagwidwa phulusa, iyenera kukhala yotalikirana kwambiri ndi ena kuti mupewe kufalikira kwa bowa.
Zizindikiro za kugonjetsedwa
Phulusa kugonjetsedwa ndi kuti pamasamba, nthambi zazing'ono, zipatso zimawonekera pachimake cha mtundu woyera (nthawi zina) ngati mawanga, pachimake ndi mycelium.
Kenaka pamera zimatchedwa zipatso zofiira, zomwe zili ndi spores za bowa. Zipatsozi zikhoza kuwonedwa, mmimba mwake ndi 0.2-0.3 mm.
Matendawa amayamba kulandira zomera kuchokera masamba omwe ali pafupi kwambiri ndi nthaka, kenako amapita ku chomera chonsecho.
Mmene mungagwirire ndi powdery mildew
Mame amatha kupezeka m'chipinda cham'mwamba, petunia ndi zomera zina zamkati, ndiye tiwone njira zopewera ndi momwe tingachitire ndi matenda ngati tawonekera kale. 
Kupewa
Pofuna kusunga peppelitsa pamaluwa anu amkati, muyenera kutsatira njira zina zothandizira komanso kusamalira zomera. Pofuna kupeĊµa matenda muyenera:
- Kupanga kupopera mankhwala pachaka ndi potaziyamu permanganate kapena sulfure pollination, makamaka kuchokera kumapeto kwa May mpaka oyambirira September.
- Kugwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza kwa feteleza feteleza sikoyenera. Ndipo kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito phosphate kapena feteleza feteleza.
- Kuthamanga mobwerezabwereza kwa chipindacho kumalimbikitsidwa, koma ndi kofunika kuti mupewe ma drafts.
- Maonekedwe a nsabwe za m'masamba ndi tizilombo tomwe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
- Sikoyenera kuti tigwiritse ntchito nthaka kuchokera ku nyumba yachilimwe yokhala ndi zipinda zapakhomo.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mwasankha kugwiritsa ntchito dzikolo kuchokera ku dacha, onetsetsani kuti dziko lapansi silingatheke ndipo silikununkhira.
Mankhwala Achikhalidwe
Pali mitundu yambiri yothetsera mankhwala a powdery mildew, koma tidzakambirana njira zothandiza kwambiri:
1. Njira yothetsera soda komanso sopo.
Njirayi imakonzedwa motere: 4 g ya soda ndi sopo pang'ono (sopo monga gluten) amawonjezeredwa ku 0,9 l madzi. Chosakanizacho chiyenera kusakaniza chomera kuti chigwere kumbali zonse ziwiri za masamba. Kutayira sikusowa kawiri konse pa sabata. 
2. Chithandizo ndi seramu.
Mawonekedwe a whey amafunika kuchepetsedwa m'madzi muyeso la 1:10. Iyo ikagunda masamba, njirayi imayambitsa kanema yomwe imaphatikizira kupuma kwa mycelium, ndipo zomera zimalandira zakudya zina zowonjezera. Kutayira kumachitika masiku atatu aliwonse masiku 12.
Mukudziwa? Mame amatha kukhala pansi kwa zaka zopitirira 10, osadziwonetsera okha.3. mankhwala opatsirana.
Pofuna kuthetsa yankho, 100 g ya phulusa imatengedwa ndikukhamukira mu 1 l madzi otentha. Kusakaniza kumeneku kumaphatikizidwa kwa pafupi sabata. Kenaka madziwo amatsanulira mu chiwiya china choyera, kuwonjezera sopo pang'ono ndi kusonkhezera.
Kutaya njirayi makamaka tsiku lililonse kwa masiku 3-4. Ndipo phulusa lotsalira limayambitsidwa ndi madzi, ndipo chomeracho chimathirira madzi.
4. Nsonga ya mpiru.
Mu chidebe cha madzi ofunda, onjezerani supuni ziwiri za mpiru wa mpiru, ndikuyimbira ndi kulola kuti mupange maola 24. Njirayi ikhoza kutsukidwa ndi kuthiriridwa. Kutayira kumafunikira tsiku kwa sabata limodzi. 
Kuukira kwa mankhwala
Mankhwala a powdery mildew ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kugonjetsedwa kwakukulu kwa matendawa. Mapuloteni othandiza kwambiri amawoneka ngati: "Topaz", "Fundazol", "Skor", "Vitaros", "Amistar".
Kuti muteteze zomera zanu ku matenda a fungal ndi mabakiteriya, mumathandizidwa ndi fungicides monga: "Brunka", "Alirin B", "Abiga-Pik", "Gamair", "Strobe".
Chithandizo ndi fungicides chiyenera kuchitidwa, kumatsatira malangizo omwe amabwera ndi mankhwala, ndi kuwona zodzitetezera. Mankhwala oterewa sungakhoze kusungidwa mu mawonekedwe osinthidwa. Mame a mvula ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri komanso owopsa kwa zomera. Ngakhale mutakwanitsa kuligonjetsa simuyenera kumasuka, ikhoza kubwerera chaka chimodzi kapena pang'ono. Choncho njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli ndi kupewa.
