Amaluwa ambiri samayesa kubzala mtundu umenewu wa anyezi, monga banja, chifukwa amaopa kupeza anyezi ochepa. Ndipo onse chifukwa sakudziwa mpaka mapeto momwe angakulire. Ngati tiyandikira nkhaniyi kuchokera kumaganizo a agrotechnical, zokolola za mababu zoposa 100 g iliyonse zimakhala zenizeni pachaka.
"Bunch"
Kukulitsa anyezi "banja", omwe amadziwika kuti shallots, omwe amadya anyezi okha omwe samawoneka ngati ena, komanso nthenga zobiriwira, ndi sayansi yonse. 
Mitundu yambiri ya anyezi amadziwika tsopano (Ayrat, Afonya, Garant, Gornyak, Izumrud, Kaskad, Semeyny, Snowball, Sprint, Krepysh, Amber Siberia "," Ural wofiirira "), aliyense wa iwo ali ndi makhalidwe ake omwe.
Mukudziwa? Anyezi akhala akudziwika kwa zaka zambirimbiri BC. Archaeologists apeza fano lake pamanda a Tutankhamen, a 1352 BC.
Sankhani malo ndi nthawi yoyendetsa
Sankhani nthawi yobzala anyezi, malo omwe angakhale omasuka, kuti achite zofunikira asanayambe kubzala - zigawo zikuluzikulu za kupeza zokolola zambiri.
Kodi kudzala liti?
Anyezi a banja, ngati mtundu uliwonse wa zomera m'munda, ali ndi mbali zina za kukula ndi kusamalira iwo. "Bunch" imakula mukamagwiritsa ntchito nyemba, kapena, zimachitika kawirikawiri, mukadzala mababu. 
Kodi ndi liti ndipo ndibwino bwanji kubzala uta? Pankhani imeneyi, m'pofunika kuganizira nyengo, dothi la malo ena. Zomwe zimabzala zimathekera kumapeto (kumapeto kwa mwezi wa April - pakati pa mwezi wa May), komanso mu autumn (kumapeto kwa mwezi woyambilira).
Dzidziwitse nokha ndi agrotechnics yokula anyezi otere: Indian, batun, slizuna, shnitta, leek.Mphepo sizimakhala ndi mantha chifukwa cha chisanu, choncho imatha kubzalidwa bwino kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa April, idzakhala ndi nthawi yotambasula ndi madzi a dothi la thawed, kukula kwake kukuchitika pa masiku omwe akuwoneka kuti ndiatali kuposa chaka chonse.
Mukudziwa? Anyezi, omwe anabzala m'dzinja, nthawi zambiri amawombera mitsuko kuposa momwe anabzala m'chaka.Kusankha nthawi yobzala, muyenera kufufuza zonse zabwino ndi zolakwika, osayiwala kulingalira za kusankhidwa kwa malo, kubzala kwa nthaka, kuunikira kwa malo obzala, kusowa kwa chinyezi chokhazikika.
Kuunikira
Spring ndi nthawi yosankhidwa yodzala anyezi. Chifukwa chachikulu ndi chakuti pakupanga mababu atsopano omwe adzasungidwe nthawi yayitali, mumasowa dzuwa ndi dzuwa. 
Kumala anyezi a banja kumapeto kwa nyengoyi kumakhudza kwambiri kuwonetsera kwa mitu, kudzapereka zowonjezereka bwino.
Koma ngati sizingatheke kusunga zakubzala mpaka masika, kapena ngati pali chilakolako cholandira kokolola kumayambiriro kwa nyengo, ndiye kuti kubzala mu kugwa ndi koyenera. "Bunch" molimba mtima amatumiza nyengo yozizira, ndipo pambuyo pake adzasangalala ndi oyambirira kukolola.
Nthaka
Nthaka yonyowa imayenera kuwonjezeka mwakuya komanso chitukuko chogwirizana ndizophatikizapo kubzala banja laling'ono m'chaka. Mukamabzala mababu mu kugwa, muyenera kusamala kuti mutenge malo omwe chivundikiro chachikulu cha chisanu chimapangidwa. 
Komanso, nthawi iliyonse anyezi atabzalidwa, m'pofunika kuonetsetsa kuti palibe madzi ochulukirapo pamalo omwe "banja" likukula, chifukwa, monga chilala, izi zingasokoneze zokololazo. Nthaka iyenera kuyesedwa, yosasunthika, popanda udzu.
Chitsanzo chodzala anyezi
Kukolola kwapamwamba kwambiri kwa banja "," kusungirako kwa nthawi yaitali "kungatheke pokhapokha ngati mukugwira ntchito yoyenera yokonzekera, kuphatikizapo kufufuza mosamala bulbu iliyonse, yomwe cholinga chake chobzala, chifukwa chotheka matenda kapena kuwonongeka ndi tizirombo.
Pambuyo pake, koyenera kubzala sikungakhale kosavuta kuchitira ndi mphamvu yochepa ya potaziyamu permanganate kapena kukonzekera kwina kosiyana siyana, konzekerani zonse malinga ndi kukula (zazikulu, zosapakati ndi zazing'ono). Zonsezi zidzatetezera mbewu zam'tsogolo kuchokera ku tizirombo ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. 
Mababu amayenera kuwonjezeka mokwanira pansi (kutuluka kwa kasupe kakang'ono kuposa masentimita asanu, kutuluka kwa chisanu 8 masentimita) pamtunda wa masentimita khumi kuchokera pamzake, pafupifupi masentimita makumi awiri ayenera kusiya pakati pa mizere. Kuphatikizana ndi mabedi a anyezi kumabweretsa phindu linalake lokolola kwambiri.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji?
"Banja" limabzalidwa, koma siyense amene akudziwa zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti athetse mavuto pa nthawi yokula ndikukonzekera bwino. Anthu ambiri samafulumira kudzala anyezi a banja, chifukwa alibe chidziwitso chokhudza malamulo osavuta owasamalira.
Zosamalira
Kusamalira "banja" mutabzala kuli ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse kamodzi masiku angapo, makamaka nthawi ya kukula, feteleza pakatikati pa June, kuchotsa namsongole ndi kumasula nthaka. 
Ngati chinyezi sichikwanira, kukula kumachoka, ndipo mababu amayamba kupanga muyeso yomwe sakupezanso chinyezi, choncho panthawi ya kukula, pamafunika kuthirira kwina.
Pakati pa mwezi usanafike nthawi yokolola, muyenera kusiya kuthirira. Kusamalira anyezi amtundu uwu sikumayambitsa mavuto ambiri, imayenera kuthiriridwa, kumamasula pansi mozungulira, kudula namsongole - mofanana ndi kukula kwa mtundu uliwonse wa zomera.
Mavuto akukula
Kwa "banja", matenda ambiri amachititsa kuti, pofuna kupewa izi, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa kusuntha, kuchotsa zitsanzo ndi zizindikilo za matendawa m'kupita kwanthawi. 
Pali chinthu chimodzi chofunika kwambiri pa kulima: chiwerengero chachikulu cha mababu omwe amapangidwa mu mpando umodzi, ndizochepa. Choncho, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa ndalama zowonongeka.
Ndiyeneranso kusamala ngati masamba a anyezi a mtunduwu atembenukira chikasu ngati si nthawi. Ngati izi zikuchitika, nkofunika kuzimwa ndi mchere kapena mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri a saline.
Ndikofunikira! Masamba obiriwira a anyezi a banja sayenera kudulidwa pa zomera zomwe zidzakololedwa m'nyengo yozizira, izi zidzasokoneza zokolola.
Kukolola ndi kusungirako
"Gulu" limakula nthawi zambiri osati masiku makumi asanu ndi anayi. Chakumapeto kwa July, shallots angachotsedwe; sizowonjezera kuchepetsa njirayi mutatha masamba. 
Kulephera kutsatira lamulo losavuta kungapangitse kuti pakhale mavuto osauka m'nyengo yozizira komanso zina zowonongeka. Pambuyo pake, mababu otsala pansi pamtambowa amachotsa chinyezi, amathamangitsa kukula, kuchepetsa nthawi yonse.
Zokolola ziyenera kuchitidwa mvula yozizira popanda mame, kuti akhale ndi mwayi wouma panja mpaka madzulo, ndiye ayenera kuchotsedwa mu chipinda chowotcha mpweya, mwachitsanzo, m'chipinda chapamwamba. 
Pambuyo kuyanika, masamba ayenera kukhala osiyana ndi mitu. Zouma zidakonzedwa kuti zikhale chakudya, choncho zasungidwa bwino. Mitu, yokonzekera kubzala, iyenera kusankhidwa ndi kukula ndikusungidwa mabokosi osiyana m'malo ouma ndi ofunda.
Ndikofunika kubwezeretsapo zizindikiro zazikulu kwambiri pa kukula, ndiye zokolola za chaka chotsatira zidzakhala ndi mitu yayikulu. 
Koma ndi njira iyi, banja la anyezi likhoza kufooka ndi kudwala pakapita kanthawi, motero ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchulukitsa "banja" ndifupipafupi kwa zaka zingapo ndi kuthandizidwa ndi mbewu, osati mababu.
Mukudziwa? Pamene anyezi adulidwa, munthu wolemba mawu amamasulidwa, omwe, palimodzi ndi madzi (ndi misonzi), amathandiza kupanga mapulitsi a sulfuric acid, kupweteka maso mucosa. Choncho, ndikulimbikitsanso kuthira mpeni musanayeretsedwe ndi madzi.
Mbali za anyezi akukula pa nthenga
Banja la anyezi limasiyana ndi mitundu ina ya zomera zomwe zimakula kuti zisatulutse mababu okha, komanso kudya masamba ang'onoang'ono obiriwira, omwe angadulidwe mobwerezabwereza panthawi ya kukula. 
Ndizosazizira, mizu yake imayamba kutentha kwambiri kuposa masamba. Choncho, kuti apereke zokolola zambiri za mankhwala abwino, "banja laling'ono" liyenera kubzalidwa kuyambira kumapeto kwa mwezi wa April - kumayambiriro kwa May, ndikukula ndi kuchuluka kwa masamba obiriwira ayenera kubzalidwa nyengo yotentha kumapeto kwa May.
Ngati "banja" liyamba kubzala mtsogolo, mlengalenga ndi nthaka zimakhala zotentha, masamba amayamba kukula msanga. Komanso, zokolola za masamba zimakhudzidwa ndi chinyezi chokwanira m'nthaka, chifukwa "banja" sichifulumira kuwonjezera mizu ngati chiwalo chosungirako, koma kumawonjezera chisokonezo cha masamba obiriwira. 
Ndiponso, kuti mutenge nthenga yandiweyani, muyenera kudula nsonga ya uta musanayambe kasupe pansi. Mbewu yatsopano yomwe imayambira pansi kubzala ana anyezi idzathandizanso kuti masamba azisintha kwambiri, koma katundu wa mababuwo adzawonongeka kwambiri, adzamasulidwa ndipo sadzayenera kusunga m'nyengo yozizira. 
"Banja" lapangidwa kukhala godsend kwa okonda chida ichi, chifukwa chiri ndi kukoma kokoma, mosasintha kwenikweni, mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, fungo, kukonzekera mwamsanga. Kubzala, kukula ndi kukolola sikungakhale ndi mavuto ena ngati mukudziwa momwe mungachitire bwino.
Ndiponsotu, ubwino wolemera wa anyezi wa banja ndi nyengo yake yochepa yochepa, matenda ochepa, nthawi yayitali komanso osakhala ndi mavuto, komanso zokolola zambiri. Aliyense amene amayesetsa kukula m'banja kamodzi akhoza kuchita izo nthawi zonse.
