Maluwa a Dutch - omwe amawoneka bwino kwambiri, omwe amadziwika ndi kukongola kosaneneka, mitundu yosiyanasiyana. M'nkhani yathu tidzakamba za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa awa, tidzanena za malamulo a kulima kwake ndi mbali za chisamaliro.
Makhalidwe
Maluwa osiyanasiyana a ku Dutch si zokongola zokha, angathe kutchulidwa mosamalitsa kwambiri. Komabe, m'pofunika kuganizira za kapriciousness ndi kukondwera kwa maluwa awa. Ndi chifukwa chake yekha florists ndi zambiri zochitika nthawi zambiri amachita kuswana Dutch maluwa.
Ndikofunikira! Pambuyo pa kutsika, ndithudi ndiyenela kukwera. Ndikofunika kuteteza tchire tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapanga dzuwa ndi mdima wambiri.
Maluwa amenewa akudabwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mukhoza kupeza maroon, mithunzi yakuda, ndi maluwa okongola amakhalanso otchuka. Chifukwa cha pulogalamu yaikulu, aliyense akhoza kusankha maluwa pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe amakonda.
Mitundu yotchuka kuti ikule
Pali chiwerengero chachikulu cha mitundu yokongola ndi yosangalatsa. Timalembera iwo ndi kufotokoza mwachidule.
- Grand Prix. Maluwa ali ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba, m'mimba mwake ndi 10-12 masentimita, makamaka mtundu wa burgundy. Muphuphu limodzi muli pafupi mamita 35 mpaka 40, kutalika kwa tsinde ndi pafupi 0.7-1.2 mamita. Pambuyo kudula, zikhoza kusangalatsa maso mkati mwa masabata awiri.
- Avalansh. Mizere imakhala yoyera; pamunsi pake pali masamba obiriwira. Muphuphu limodzi mukhoza kukhala pamasamba 45 mpaka 50. Kutalika kwa tsinde - 0.6-0.9 m.
- El toro. Ma Roses ndi ofiira kwambiri, mtundu wake wa masamba ndi pafupifupi masentimita 11, iwo amatha kusintha kawiri. Mu inflorescence imodzi 35-40 pamakhala. Kutalika kwa tsinde - 0.6-0.8 mamita. Izi zosiyanasiyana zimagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha kwambiri.
Mwinamwake mukufunitsitsa kuwerenga za mitundu ndi kulima maluwa a Canada ndi English.
- Ilios. Maluwa okhala ndi mandimu-chikasu, mapaundi a mphukira - 11 masentimita, amakongoletsedwa ndi malire a terry. Mphukira imodzi imakhala ndi mamita 30-35. Kutalika kwa tsinde ndi 50-80 masentimita. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha kwambiri.
- Amayi pigie. Maluwa a mtundu wa saumoni, kukula kwake kwa masamba ndi masentimita 12. Ali ndi mthunzi wowala pakati pa inflorescence. Mu Mphukira, pali mapaundi 35-40. Kutalika kwa tsinde ndi 60-90 masentimita. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ili ndi masamba okongola okongoletsera ndi zonunkhira.
Mukudziwa? Duwa ndi maluwa a dziko lonse la United States, Iran ndi England.
- Karina. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imayimilidwa ndi zigoba zofiira, zakuya - masentimita 10. Pakhoza kukhala masamba 35-40 muphuphu limodzi. Kutalika kwa tsinde kumakhala kuyambira 60 cm mpaka 1 mita. Pambuyo kudula, zosiyana zidzakhala zatsopano masiku 14.
- Chiri. Maluwa a khungu, maluwa awiri ndi masentimita 14. Mphukira imodzi ili ndi mapewa 60-80. Kutalika kwa tsinde 50-70 masentimita. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa florists, imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga bouquets ndi zolemba.
- Lidia wokondeka. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala ndi mdima wofiira, kukula kwa mphukira sikudutsa 3 cm. Pali 30-35 pambali mu inflorescence imodzi. Kutalika kwa tsinde - 50-80 masentimita. Izi zosiyanasiyana zimayimiridwa ndi chitsamba chamtchire, pamphuno zomwe muli zambirimbiri za inflorescences.
- Talea. Maluwawo ndi a pinki okongola kwambiri, ndipo kukula kwake kuli masentimita 14. Kutalika kwa mphukira ndi 0.6-1 m, muphuphu limodzi muli 50-60 pamakhala. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi florists kuti apange bouquets.
- Naomi wofiira. Mphukirayi imakhala ndi mawonekedwe achikale, omwe amawonekera mu burgundy, kukula kwake ndi masentimita 14. Muphuphu limodzi, akhoza kukhala 55-75 masentimita. Kutalika kwa mphukira ndi 70-100 masentimita.
- Wow. Maluwawo ndi opangidwa ndi mtundu wa coral, wokhala ndi mapaundi 30-40. Kutalika kwa tsinde ndi 60-90 masentimita. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yokongola ndi mtundu wachilendo wa masamba.
- Aqua. Maluwawo ali ndi mtundu wofiira wa lilac, wolemera kwake ndi masentimita 10. Mu inflorescence imodzi muli mapaundi 35-40. Kutalika kwa mphukira ndi 60-80 masentimita. Iwo amasiyanitsidwa ndi kusowa kwa minga pa tsinde.
- Magadi. Mitengo ya mtundu woyera, yomwe imakhala yaikulu masentimita 60-100. Mu inflorescence imodzi pangakhale makasamba 60. Mitunduyi imakhala ndi masamba akuluakulu omwe amatsutsana ndi kutsegula mutatha kudula.
Ndikofunikira! Pamaso pa wintering, masamba onse ayenera kuchotsedwa ku chitsamba, kudulira kumachitika. Izi zimathandiza kuteteza zomera ku chimfine ndi matenda m'nyengo yozizira.
- Mtsinje wa Peach. Mphukira imakhala ndi mtundu wa kirimu, itsegulidwa, ndiyitali ya 12-14 masentimita. Ili ndi makilogalamu 40-50. Kutalika kwa tsinde - masentimita 50-80. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi kukana madzi abwino komanso mtundu wa masamba.
- Chisomo. Mitunduyi imakhala ndi mtundu wofiira wofiira, ndipo imatululidwa bwino, masamba ake si aakulu kwambiri - 2-3 masentimita. Tayani kutalika - 50-80 masentimita.
- Penny njira. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mtundu wachikasu wa masamba, palinso pang'ono kakang'ono kobiriwira pafupi ndi maziko. Muphuphu limodzi 40-50 pamakhala. Kutalika kwa tsinde - 50-80 masentimita. Kawirikawiri amagwiritsa ntchito kukonza maluwa, amawoneka bwino kuphatikiza ndi irises ndi maluwa Chiri.
Mavuto akukula
Ngati mwasankha kukula maluwa mu chiwembu chanu, ndikofunikira kuti muganizire mfundo zofunika.
Kusankha kwa malo
Duwa limakonda kutentha komanso kuwala kwa dzuwa, choncho sankhani malo abwino othawira. Simungathe kulima maluwa mumthunzi, koma dzuwa siliyenera kuunikira chitsamba tsiku lonse - kudzakhala kokwanira ngati dzuwa likulandira duwa usanadye chakudya chamadzulo. Zimalimbikitsidwanso kusankha malo opanda mphepo.
Mukudziwa? Mtengo wa mafuta obiriwira ndi wapamwamba kusiyana ndi mtengo wa golide ndi platinamu. Pakuti kupanga makilogalamu 1 a mafuta ayenera kukonzedwa ndi matani 3 a petali.
Maluwa abwino amakula ngati muwabzala m'mitengo - kotero shrub imapeza chinyezi komanso zakudya zambiri.
Zosowa za nthaka
Kawirikawiri, duwa ikhoza kukula pa dothi lililonse, koma ngati mukufuna kumaliza ndi maluwa okongola ndi abwinobwino, ndibwino kuti mubzala kompositi kapena phulusa mutabzala. Komanso, tchire zitakhala zolimba, zimalimbikitsa kupanga feteleza zamchere, koma musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala ambiri.
Kubzala ndi kuswana
Pali njira zingapo zopangira Dutch rose: mbande ndi cuttings. Ngati mwasankha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyamba, kukwera kwake kuyenera kuchitika kumapeto kwa nyengo, nthaka ikayamba kuyenda bwino, nyengo yofunda imakhazikika. Tikukulimbikitsani kugwiritsa ntchito zotsatirazi:
- Musanadzale ndikofunikira kukonzekera malo omwe ayenera kukhala pamalo abwino, opanda mphepo;
- Kuyala maenje akukonzekera, mtunda wa pakati pawo umasiyidwa malinga ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana;
- musanadzale mbande, m'pofunika kuchotsa mphukira zowonongeka kapena zowuma pa siteti, komanso kumiza mizu kwa maola 2-3 mu chidebe ndi madzi.
Ndikofunikira! Tchire tating'ono tingathe kuikidwa pokhapokha kukhazikitsidwa kwa nyengo yozizira, ndi zomera 4-5 zakubadwa zingabzalidwe m'malo atsopano mu March.
Mutha kukhalanso ndi kubereka, ndikupanga zokha:
- cuttings amadulidwa kuchokera pakati pa tsinde. Kutalika kwawo kuyenera kukhala 12-14 masentimita;
- 2-3 masamba ayenera kukhalapo pa aliyense wa iwo;
- chapamwamba chodulidwa chikuchitidwa kumbali yoyenera, ndi kufunika kochokera ku impso 0,5 masentimita.
- masamba ayenera kuchotsedwa pansi pa kudula;
- masamba ndi minga, pamwambapa, zofupikitsidwa;
- Mankhwalawa ayenera kuikidwa tsiku limodzi musanadzale mu njira yowonjezera, pamene mutabzala, ndibwino kuti muwaonjezere masentimita angapo.
Zomera zamasamba ziyenera kujambulidwa ndi filimu ndikuzipatsa kutentha kwa 22-24 ° C. Pa masabata awiri oyambirira, muyenera kupopera nthawi zonse ma cuttings.
Pambuyo poti mizu yawo ikuchitika, imabzalidwa poyera. Koposa zonse, maluwa adzakula mu greenhouses, chifukwa iwo sakusinthidwa mokwanira kuti azitha.
Zosamalira
Kusamalira maluwa a Dutch ndi zovuta komanso zowononga nthawi, zomwe zimapatsa chomera ndi zinthu zabwino. Taganizirani zomwe ziri:
Poyambira pa nyengo ya masika, yaikulu nayitrogenious feteleza imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zisanayambe maluwa (3 masabata asanayambe), ndibwino kupanga potash-phosphorous supplement, zomwe zidzakhudza kwambiri nthawi ya chitukuko cha maluwa.
Mukudziwa? Maluwa ochepa kwambiri padziko lonse adakula ku India ndi Sudhir Hetawat. Kukula kwa masamba ake ndi 1 masentimita okha.
- Kuthirira kumaphatikizidwa ndi madzi ofunda, omwe akhoza kutenthedwa dzuwa madzulo, pazu, kuti asanyowe masamba, masamba ndi maluwa.
- Tchire nthawi zonse amachizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mankhwala owerengeka.
- Pofuna kuteteza zitsamba kuchokera powdery mildew, m'pofunikira kupopera mullein ndi phulusa lisanawonongeke mu malita 10 a madzi.
- Pofuna kupewa kupezeka kwa nthata zamatenda, m'pofunikira kupopera mbewu pa nyengo yokula, milungu itatu iliyonse. Kuti izi zitheke, mankhwala monga Fitoverm ndi Aktara ndi oyenerera.
- Kuteteza zomera ku matenda osiyanasiyana, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito fungicides monga "Fundazol", "Skor".
- Kwa nyengo ya miyezi yozizira muyenera kumanga pogona pa tchire. Zogwira ntchito ndizogwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthambi zowonjezera, zomwe zaikidwa pamwamba pa filimuyi kapena zinthu zina zamadzi.
