Posankha mitundu ya chitumbuwa kubzala wamaluwa kulingalira makhalidwe ambiri. Izi ndi zosavuta kubzala, kusasamala, zokolola zambiri, zovuta ndi tizirombo ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.
Cherry Wowolowa manja ndi woyenerera bwino kuti izi zisankhidwe, zomwe zidzawonekeratu atatha kuwerengera.
Malingaliro osiyanasiyana
Kufotokozera kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chitumbuwa ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi kufotokoza kwa congeners.
Mitundu yambiri imayimira mtundu wa mitengo ya bushy, yomwe imatha kutalika kwa mamita 2, mawonekedwe ozungulira ndi masamba osakanikirana. 
Zimamera chitsamba chosakanikirana, ndi chapamwamba chitsogozo cha kukula. Pa nyengo ya kukula pa mphukira ya mphukira yofiira mpaka 4mm mu kukula imapangidwira, ndikupotoka pang'ono. Impso zimagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha.
Mukhozanso kukhala ndi chidwi ndi mitundu yamatcheri monga: "Chozizwitsa Cherry", "Mayak", "Izobilnaya", "Morozovka", "Ural Ruby", "Lyubskaya", "Zhukovskaya", "Turgenevka".Maluwa amapezeka kumapeto kwa May mu inflorescences, aliyense ali ndi 3-4 maluwa oyera. Maluwawo ndi a sing'anga, okonzeka mwapadera kwa makungwa ophika. Maluwa ali ndi msinkhu wodzikonda.
Masambawa ali ndi mdima wandiweyani wobiriwira ndipo amakhala ndi mzere wozungulira. Pamwamba pa masambawo muli wonyezimira. Chodziwika petioles 1.2 masentimita yaitali, 1 mm lonse.
Zokolola za chitsamba pafupipafupi ndi 15 makilogalamu.
Mukudziwa? Nyengo yamtengo wapatali yamatchireyi imatha kupirira kutentha mpaka 35 ° C.
Mbiri yobereka
Mitundu yambiri ya chitumbuwa yamatchire imadulidwa mwa kusankha kuchokera ku mbeu zabwino zapachaka zapakati pazitsamba zosiyana siyana ku Sverdlovsk. 
Zosiyanasiyanazi zinalembedwa mu Register Register of Breeding Achievements ya Russian Federation mu 1958.
Oyambitsa zosiyanasiyana - N.I. Gvozdyukova ndi Zhukov S.V.
Makhalidwe ndi zizindikiro za chipatso
Zipatso za izi zosiyanasiyana zimapsa mochedwa komanso zosagwirizana. Nthawi yokolola imabwera kumapeto kwa August ndi kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa September. Zipatsozi zimakhala ndi phesi lalitali komanso lochepa, kotero sizimatha kwa nthawi yaitali. 
Kunenepa: Zaka 3-4
Mtundu: mdima wofiira.
Fomu: Zowonongeka, pakati pa pamwamba ndi ndodo yaing'ono.
Kulawa: wokoma ndi wowawasa.
Chidutswa: osakanikirana, madzi.
Mwala: lalikulu, mosavuta wosiyana ndi zamkati.
Ndikofunikira! Chifukwa cha masamba akuluakulu, zipatso zimalolera kuyenda pamtunda wautali.
Tikufika
Malo oti mubzalemo ndi abwino kusankha pa phiri, popanda pafupi ndi pansi. Dothi louma silinapangitse kukula kwa chitumbuwa m'kalasiyi. Chofunika kwambiri ndi mbali ya dzuwa ya malo.
Mukudziwa? Pofuna kuonjezera zokolola, kuyambika kwa mitundu yowolowa manja kumapangidwa pafupi ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya yamatcheri: Maksimovskaya, Subbotinskaya, Polevka.
Nthaka yokwera imakonzekera pasadakhale. Kumapeto kwa masika kapena kumayambiriro kwa kasupe (osachepera masabata awiri musanabzala), nthaka imakumbidwa, feteleza imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuchuluka kwa feteleza kumawerengedwa mu chiŵerengero cha 40-60 g wa superphosphates, 20-30 g wa potaziyamu mchere ndi 10-15 makilogalamu a humus pa 1 mita mita.Ngati nthaka yayamba, ndiye kuti 100 g ya laimu ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamtunda uliwonse.
Kubzala kumafuna zakuthupi komanso zowyala. Mitengo ingagulidwe m'misika yamunda, ndipo mukhoza kukula.
Njira zokula zokolola:
Ntchito yofesa.
Kwa njira iyi, sitepe yofunikira ndiyo kusankha mbeu (mbeu) yobzala. Mbewu imatengedwa kuchokera ku zipatso zabwino ndi zabwino, popanda zizindikiro za matenda kapena kuwonongeka.
Kukonzekera mbewu sikukutanthauza kutsegulira kwapadera musanadzalemo. Mbeu zotengedwazo zikhoza kusungidwa mu chidebe chilichonse popanda gawo lapansi kapena kuikidwa mu chonyowa cha utuchi, mchenga ndi moss.
Musanadzalemo, mbeu ziyenera kukonzekera poziika m'madzi masiku asanu ndi awiri.
Ndikofunikira! Ndi kukonzekera mbewu kotero, kusintha kwa madzi tsiku ndi tsiku kumafunika.
Nthaŵi yobzala mbewu ikhoza kubwera panthawi yachisanu ndi m'dzinja. 
Nthaŵi yophukira yobzala imaphatikizapo kudutsa gawo lina la mpumulo musanayambe kumera mbeu. Nthawi yozizira imathandiza pa sitejiyi ndipo imathandizira kuumitsa mbewu. Koma nyengo sizikhala zabwino nthawi zonse, makamaka m'madera akummwera.
Njira yabwino kwambiri ndi yodalirika ndiyo kubzala mbewu m'chaka. Kukoma kwabwino kwa kasupe kumathandiza kuti mbeu yabwino ikumera (kukalamba kwa mbewu kuti ikufulumizitse kumera).
Gawo la stratification limatenga masiku 150-180 ndipo ili ndi magawo otsatirawa:
- pa nthawi yoyamba, mbewu zimatetezedwa ku disinfected kwa mphindi 10 muzowonjezera (pinki) potassium permanganate;
- ndiye njere zimayikidwa kumera mu chisakanizo cha utuchi, kutsuka mtsinje mchenga kapena sphagnum moss. Mukhale ndi zokolola zoterezi kutentha kwa 15 ° C mpaka 20 ° C;
- Pa maonekedwe oyambirira a kumera, chidebe chimayikidwa m'chipinda chozizira (kapena firiji) ndi kutentha kwa mpweya kuchokera 2 ° C mpaka 6 ° C;
- pamene gawo lachitatu la mbeu likula, iwo akuyenera kuumitsa. Kuti muchite izi, chidebe chodzalapo chingatulutse panja (monga lamulo, gawo ili la stratification likugwa kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira), ngati nyengo ikukhazikika popanda kusintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha. Mukhozanso kuumitsa mbeu muzipinda (kosungira) poika mbewu pa ayezi kapena chisanu.
Ndikofunikira! Pambuyo pa gawo lililonse la stratification, mbewu yosakaniza imayenera kukonzedwa ndipo Sakanizani kuti mudziwe zambiri.
Mbeu zouma ndi zowumitsa zimabzalidwa pamalo otseguka ndi okonzedwa kumapeto kwa nyengo, pamene nyengo yakhazikitsidwa kale ndipo kubwerera kozizira sikuyembekezeredwa. M'madera osankhidwa, malowa amakhala opangidwa masentimita 5. Mtunda wa pakati pa grooves ndiwo masentimita 30. Mbewu imatulutsidwa koyamba kuchokera ku gawo lapansi ndipo imayikidwa m'katikati mwa masentimita asanu. Mbeu zowonongeka ndi nthaka, zophimbidwa ndi zophimba za utuchi, udzu kapena udzu (mulch). 
Kukula chitumbuwa kuchokera ku mwala ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri yomwe imafunika kusamala ndi ndalama. Pali njira yabwino kwambiri komanso yabwino kwambiri yokhalira mtengo wa chitumbuwa - kudula mizu kapena kubzala mbande zako.
Kornosobstvenny kubzala zakuthupi (mphukira, mizu cuttings).
Kawirikawiri mtengo umapangitsa nthambi kuphulika kwa korona. Kukula koteroko kumakumbidwa ndi mbali ya mizu, kuchoka pa thumba pafupifupi masentimita 20, ndikuyikidwa ku malo osatha.
Nthaka yoika ndi yoyambilira yophukira kapena kasupe (asanakhalepo masamba).
Ngati chitukukochi chikufooka, ndiye bwino kukula pakhomo m'nyengo yozizira. Dothi la "kulera" koteroko liyenera kukhala umuna, kumasuka ndi chinyezi chokhazikika.
Njira yochepetsera imachitika mwa kudula mizu. Pachifukwachi, mizu yapamwamba imadziwika ndipo mapesi ali ndi masentimita 15 ndipo lonse ndi 0,5.5 cm.
Nthawi yokolola mizu cuttings ayenera kugwa mochedwa autumn kapena kumayambiriro kasupe (pamaso pa maonekedwe a masamba). Kwa nyengo yozizira, zokololazo zimayikidwa mu chidebe ndi chonyowa osambitsidwa mtsinje mchenga ndi kusungidwa ku 0 ° C.
The cuttings abzalidwa otseguka pansi kumayambiriro kasupe mu okonzeka zitsime pamtunda wa masentimita 10 wina ndi mnzake. Ikani cuttings mu dzenje mosamalitsa, nthawizonse kudula. Mbali yakumtunda ya msanawo iyenera kukhala ndi nthaka osachepera 1 masentimita, kuya kwa pansi kwapansi kuyenera kukhala osachepera 3-5 masentimita. 
Pamene mbande zimapanga mizu ya nthambi ya 3-4, ndipo maonekedwe amawoneka athanzi ndi amphamvu, amakaikidwa ku malo osatha, okonzedweratu. Panthawi yopatsa, mizu imakonzedwa pang'ono komanso yothira (ngati mizu yayuma) poika madzi kwa maola 6-10.
Kubzala m'dzinja kumapangitsa mbewuyo kuphuka, koma chiopsezo chotentha chisanu m'nyengo yachisanu cha chisanu chilibe. Zotsatira zabwino zimapezeka pochika kasupe. Nthaka itangotha kuchokera ku chisanu ndikuuma pang'ono - mukhoza kuyamba kubzala.
Njira yamakono yobzala mbande ikuphatikizapo zotsatirazi:
- Chombo chodzala chimakumbidwa motsatira zigawo za nthaka: nthaka yozama ndi yazitali imagawanika kukhala mulu wosiyana;
- kuchuluka kwa dzenje kumachitika: mpaka kuya kuya masentimita 80, m'lifupi mpaka masentimita 60;
- Nkhumba imakhala pakatikatikati mwa dzenje (kutsimikizira zowona), yomwe ili ndi phulusa la pamwamba pa nthaka yofukizidwa yosakaniza ndi humus;
- choponderetsa chimayikidwa mu dzenje lakutsetsereka, mizu imayendetsedwa pa mulu wopangidwa ndi madzi ndi owazidwa ndi nthaka yotsala;
Ndikofunikira! Msosi wa mizu uyenera kukhala wofanana ndi nthaka.
- malo otsetsereka amatsuka bwino ndi madzi ndipo amapezeka pamwamba pa humus kapena utuchi;
- mmera umangirizidwa ndi "chiwerengero cha eyiti" (kotero kuti chiuno sichipangidwe pa thunthu) ku khola.
Choyamba fruiting ya mbande zotere zimapezeka kwa zaka 3-4. 
Chisamaliro
Mu moyo wonse, mtengo wa chitumbuwa umadutsa muzigawo zazikulu zotsatirazi: kukula (kukula), fruiting ndi kuyanika.
Kusamalira pazigawo zonsezi ndizochita zosavuta - kuthirira nthawi, kuwongolera bwino mitengo ndi chitetezo / kupewa matenda. Kusamala koteroko kumawonjezera nthawi ya yogwira ntchito.
Mukudziwa? Kusamalira moyenera kalasiyo kumatsimikizira kuti moyo wautali umakhalapo kwa zaka makumi atatu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu (35) wokhala ndipamwamba pachaka fruiting kwa zaka 25-30.
Kuthirira
Kusamba madzi nthawi zonse kudzathandiza kuti pakhale chitukuko chabwino (makamaka mbande zazing'ono). M'nyengo ya chilimwe, makamaka pamasiku otentha, ndimeyi ikuchitika muzitsulo zisanu zosachepera 5. 
Kuteteza chinyezi pambuyo pa ulimi wothirira n'zotheka kuzungulira nthaka kuzungulira thunthu.
Ndikofunikira! Pa fruiting ayenera kukhala wochuluka kutsirira.
Mitengo yokhwima ndi yogwira bwino fruiting m'nyengo yozizira nyengo yowonjezera yokwanira 3 nthawi kuthirira pachaka.
Kuthirira koyamba kumachitika nthawi yomweyo maluwawo atatha. Kuthira kwatsopano-mu zipatso zakucha. Kuthirira komaliza kumachitika m'dzinja, kusanachitike kuzizira.
Kupaka pamwamba
Zambiri za fruiting yamatcheri zimadalira kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zimadya ndi mtengo panthawi yomwe ikukula. Manyowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pachaka kuti awathandize.
Kumayambiriro kwa masika, nyengo isanakwane, nayitrogeni feteleza (ammonium nitrate) imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mlingo wa supuni imodzi pa ndowa ya madzi. Kwa mtengo wawung'ono, chidebe chimodzi cha yankho lotere ndikwanira, ndipo kwa munthu wamkulu muyenera kuyika ndowa 2-3 zothetsera. 
Komanso feteleza (manyowa a nkhumba kapena nkhumba). Manyowa oterewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati manyowa opangidwa mu chiŵerengero cha manyowa ndi madzi 1:10. Manyowa a nkhuku ndi oyenerera pazinthu izi mogwirizana ndi madzi 1:20.
M'dzinja, ndibwino kudyetsa potaziyamu sulphate ndi kuchuluka kwa 50 mg kapena superphosphate mu kuchuluka kwa 100 g pa mita imodzi.
Pamene mukudyetsa nthaka, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mizu ili ndi nthambi ndipo imakula pamtunda wa masentimita 20 mpaka 40. Ndikofunika kuchita chilichonse kuti musasokoneze mizu. Mizu imakula ponseponse pamphepete mwa korona.
Kudulira
Mu bushy yamatcheri, fruiting zimadalira kukula kwa nthambi za chaka chatha. Kupanda mphamvu kapena kugwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zamakono ndizo chifukwa cha kukula kochepa kwa nthambi. 
Pa nthawi yosiyana siyana ya chitukuko cha chitumbuwa, mitundu itatu ya kudulira imaganiziridwa:
- Kupanga - kumapanga pamitengo yaing'ono kuti apangidwe korona. Kuchita izi, mbali zonse za m'munsi zimachotsedwa. Young mbande mbali mphukira adadulidwa pa kutalika kwa masentimita 60 kuchokera mu nthaka, pamene achoka 10-12 core;
- Zosamba - zopangidwa chaka chilichonse m'dzinja kapena kumayambiriro kasupe, pasanafike mphukira. Pamene kudulira kunachotsa nthambi zonse zosweka, matenda kapena zofooka. Ndi korona wakuda, kudulira kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupatulira;
- kubwezeretsanso - kumapangidwa zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu, pamene mphukira zothandiza zimachotsedwa pa nthambi, motero zimasintha cholinga cha kukula ku nthambi yaikulu.
Mukudziwa? Zipatso zimapangidwa kumapeto kwa nthambi. Kukula ndi magulu a kagulu sikunayikidwa pa nthambi zazing'ono kwambiri za zipatso, zomwe zimayambitsa zokolola zochepa.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Zakudya zamatcheri ndi zopatsa mphamvu zolimbana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, koma nyengo yabwino yamvula imayambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.
Matenda monga coccomycosis, monilioz ndi klyasterosporiosis (malo opangidwa ndi perforated spot) ndi owopsa kwambiri ku mtengo wa chitumbuwa.
Kokkomikoz - matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha bowa la marsupial. Matendawa amadziwonekera ndi maonekedwe a pamwamba pa masamba omwe ali ofiira aang'ono, omwe amadziphatikizana ndi zikuluzikulu. Kuwonjezera pa masamba, zipatso zimakhudzanso.
Moniliasis - matenda a fungus omwe amachititsanso ndi bowa la marsupial, amapezeka mwa kuwonongeka kwa kotekisi. Mawonetseredwe a matendawa - masamba amasintha bulauni, amauma ndipo kenako amauma. Zipatso zimakhudzanso zipatso. Zizindikiro zimakhala zakuda ndipo zimachititsa kuti chipatsocho chikhale choledzeretsa.
Klesterosporiosis ndi matenda a fungal, kuphatikizapo kupezeka kwa mawanga ofiira pamasamba, pamalo omwe mabowo amapangidwa chifukwa cha kufa kwa masamba a tsamba. 
Kulimbana ndi matendawa ndizochita:
- kuchotsa ndi kutentha zipatso zowonongeka, masamba ndi nthambi;
- kulima bwino nthaka pafupi ndi mtengo;
- pakugwiritsidwa ntchito kwachitsamba ndi kukhudzana ndi fungicides ("Strobe", "Topaz", "Horus").
Ntchentche yotchedwa Cherry - tizilombo timene timayika mazira pa chipatso. Pamene mphutsi idya, nyama imadyedwa, chifukwa chake mawonetseredwe otere pa zipatso amaonekera: maenje ndi madontho wakuda.
Cherry aphid - mphutsi zake zimayamwa kuyamwa kwa masamba, chifukwa cha zomwe zimawomba, kutembenukira wakuda ndi youma.
Sawfly yamtengo wapatali ndi tizilombo timene timadya mnofu wa masamba, timatulutsa masamba a pamwamba, ndikupangitsa masamba kuti aziuma. 
Kudyetsa tizilombo kumaphatikizapo kukonza nkhuni ndi zokonzekera - tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ("Karbofos", "Fufanon", "Iskra M"). Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mankhwala akufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane mu malangizo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Mukudziwa? Cherry aphid - magwero amphamvu a ntchentche za chitumbuwa. Kuchotsa chitumbuwa cha aphid, ntchentche yamatchire imathandizanso nthawi yomweyo.
Kuteteza kwa matenda ndi kutetezedwa kwa panthawi yake ndi tizirombo:
- Masamba omwe wagwa kapena zitsamba zamatabwa ndi malo abwino obereketsera mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Choncho, masamba okolola a nthawi yake komanso zotsalira za mulch zimathandiza kupewa matenda;
- kawirikawiri komanso nthawi yake yoyera ndi laimu kapena mankhwala osakaniza a thunthu ndi nthambi zazing'ono zimathandiza kuti matendawa asapezeke komanso kuti mchere usagwedezeke.
- kudula nkhuni kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi antiseptics (chitsulo 10% kapena mkuwa 5% vitriol, penti ya mafuta) kapena phula la munda;
- m'nyengo yozizira, thunthu la mtengo liyenera kukhala lopatulidwa ndi makoswe ndi nthambi za coniferous, pepala kapena denga.
Cherry zosiyanasiyana Amapatsa olemekezeka kwambiri wamaluwa. Ndizosiyana siyana zomwe sizingafune njira zovuta zogwiritsira ntchito. Ndizovuta kwambiri kutentha kutentha ndi chilala, pamene khola la fruiting ndi zokolola zimasungidwa nthawi zonse sing'anga-mkulu. 
Kudyetsa kosavuta kwa yamatcheri, omwe susowa luso lapadera, komanso kusamalira modzichepetsa kumakopa ngakhale wamaluwa okoma mtima kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Komanso, zosiyanasiyanazi sizitha kutenga matenda komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimathandiza plozhonoshenii.
