Pamene mukukula amalonda a maluwa a hippeastrum nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi vuto la kusowa kwa maluwa, pamene chomera chimangokhala masamba basi.
Chifukwa chachikulu ndi chisamaliro chosayenera.
Ndi zofunika ziti zomwe ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa mpaka gippeastrum bloomed, werengani pansipa.
Zofunikira zoyenera kukula kwa hippeastrum
Mizu ya hippeastrum ndi anyezi ndi mizu ya kukula kwakukulu. Iwo samafa panthawi yopumula, koma apitirize kuchita ntchito za zakudya. Posankha mphamvu yobzala, mbaliyi iyenera kuganiziridwa.
Koposa zonse, gippeastrum idzayamba pamtunda wapamwamba kwambiri. Mtunda woyenera kuchokera pakhoma la mphika ku babu ndi 3 masentimita. Ndiyeneranso kulingalira zakuya kwa babu mu nthaka. Iyenera kukhala pamwamba pa nthaka ndi 1/3. Kusakaniza kosakaniza sikuyenera kukhala kotakanizidwa. Ndi bwino kuyembekezera mpaka itakhazikike, ndikuonjezerani malo omwe mukufuna.
Munda wa chomeracho uyenera kuyamwa bwino, kupuma bwino, ndi kusaloŵerera m'thupi.
Chifukwa chodzala hippeastrum, mutha kutenga gawo lopangira sitolo la chikhalidwe cha bulbous, kapena kusakaniza mu chiŵerengero cha 2: 1: 1: 1:
- nthaka;
- peat;
- mchenga;
- kompositi
Chinthu chofunikira chokhazikika ndi madzi. Pansi pa mphika mumapanga kuchuluka kwa mabowo. Musanadzaze tangi ndi nthaka kusakaniza, ikani wosanjikiza wa 1-2 masentimita a kukula dongo kapena perlite pansi. Musanadzalemo, mababuwa amayamba kutsanulira 1 ora m'madzi otentha (+ 40 ° C) kenako amathandizidwa ndi Readzole kuteteza matenda oopsa.
Kutentha kwakukulu kwa chomera ndi 20 ... + 30 ° С. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kumatha kukhala 18 ° C.
Ndikofunikira! Kuthira mowa mopitirira muyeso pamene kuponyedwa kwa peduncle kumayambitsa chitukuko cha mtundu wobiriwira kuti chiwononge maluwa. Chomeracho chingathetse maluwa.
Mu December, hippeastrum imayikidwa pazenera zowonongeka zenera. Panthawi inayake, oimira mafelemuwa ali pamalo opuma, kotero muzitsanzo zina sipangakhale masamba konse. Kuthirira sikuchitika mpaka kuoneka kwa maluwa.
Kuchokera pakangomaliza kufika masentimita 10, kuthirira kumachitika kawirikawiri kuti tipewe kuyanjana kwa nthaka, koma kenanso. Ndi bwino kuika madzi pamphepete mwa mphika kapena kutsanulira mu poto. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuti musamanyowe anyezi. 
Pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, kutulutsa hydration kamodzi pa sabata. Pambuyo maluwa kapena panthawiyi, zamoyo zimayamba kuwonjezereka mdima wobiriwira ndikubzala phesi la maluwa, lomwe lidzatha pachimake chaka chamawa. Pachigawo chino, ndikofunika kusunga chinyezi mu nthaka mkati mwa 50%.
Pamene peduncle imatha kutalika kwa masentimita 15 ndizotheka kuchita chakudya choyamba. Pa nthawi imeneyi, fetereza phosphate feteleza imafunika. Pankhani imeneyi, phulusa kapena superphosphate zidzagwira ntchito bwino. Phulusa limapindikizidwa ndi madzi (supuni 3 pa lita imodzi) kapena kuwonjezeka mu mawonekedwe owuma 1 tbsp. l pa chomera, kusakanikirana ndi dothi la pamwamba.
Phunzirani zambiri za kubzala ndi kusamalira hippeastrum kunyumba.
Superphosphate iyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi, pamene imatha mu mawonekedwe owuma kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo zomera sizipeza chakudya chokwanira. 1-2 g wa ufa akuwonjezeredwa ku madzi okwanira 1 litre. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito milungu iwiri iliyonse m'nyengo yotentha. Pa 20th August, amasiya feteleza ndikuyambitsa zomera. Amasamukira ku chipinda chozizira.
Malingana ndi zosiyanasiyana, hippeastrum akhoza kwathunthu kutaya masamba pamaso pa kupuma gawo. Gawoli limatha kuchokera kumapeto kwa August mpaka October-November. Mu gawo lonse, kuthirira sikuchitika konse kapena kumachitika kamodzi pa mwezi, malingana ndi kutentha.
Palinso mwayi wosankha zomera popanda malo otchulidwa. Kuti izi zitheke, Hippeastrum imapereka chaka chonse choyendera chilimwe kuunikira, kuthirira ngati dothi limauma, ndi kudyetsa. Zikatero, zomera zimatha kulowa maluwa kawiri pachaka.
M'nyengo yozizira, mungathe kuchita mapepala pamalo oonekera. Kunja, ndi kuchuluka kwa malo a zakudya, zomera zimakula bwino, ndipo mababu amapanga chiwerengero cha ana. Mu September, maluwawo amabwerera mmbuyo mu thanki, kenako abwerere kumalo.
Kusamba kwa zomera kumachitika mwezi uliwonse mwezi umodzi mutatha maluwa kapena mwezi umodzi musanayambe kupuma. Kuwaza sikungatheke konse. Zikatero, m'pofunika kusintha 3-5 masentimita a nthaka mu mphika. 
Zomera zimaphatikizidwa polekanitsa mwanayo kuchokera mababu achiberekero akafika 2 cm kapena kuposa. Njira yachiwiri yoberekera ndi kupulitsa mbewu ndi mbeu. Chinthu ichi chikuchitika bwino kunja.
Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti mapangidwe ambewu adzatenga mphamvu zambiri kuchokera ku thupi la mbeu ndikufooketsa mizu, yomwe ingakhudzire kufunika kwa maluwa mtsogolo. Mbewu imabzalidwa mwamsanga mutatha kukolola. Chiwembu cha kumera ndi choyenera, monga mbande zilizonse.
Pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mphukira, hippeastrum imasunthira pazenera zowonongeka bwino ndipo imakhala ndi kutentha kwa mpweya m'chipinda chamkati mwa 23 ... + 25 ° С. Zomera zazing'ono sizikusowa nthawi yopumula. Mukhoza kuwadyetsa kamodzi pamwezi mu mawonekedwe a madzi. Mtundu wa hippeastrum ndi njira iliyonse yoberekera imalowa mu maluwa a zaka 2-3.
Mankhwala opatsirana amachititsa kamodzi pachaka. Kuti muchite izi, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito phytosporin malinga ndi malangizo + nthawi zonse kuwonjezera monga chakudya nkhuni phulusa mu youma mawonekedwe. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti musamalire maluwa musanayambe kuyika kuchokera kutseguka mpaka kutsekedwa.
Mbali za nyengo ya maluwa
Maluwawo amatha miyezi 2 mpaka itatu. Kumapeto kwa nthawi yonseyi, zomera zimatulutsa phokoso, lomwe limatalika pakati pa 35 ndi 80 masentimita. Kumapeto kwa phesi ndi maluwa akuluakulu kapena a maluwa. Maluwa amasonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescences a zidutswa 2-4.
Mitundu yapakati, malinga ndi zosiyanasiyana:
- woyera;
- pinki;
- zofiira
- lalanje;
- mdima wofiira
Mukudziwa? Wachibale wapafupi kwambiri wa hippeastrum beladonna kapena amaralis ndi wokongola. Zonsezi zimatha kuunjikira poizoni m'mababu awo.
Amayambira kwambiri ndi anthers achikasu. Pitani kupitirira malire a duwa. 
Nchifukwa chiyani sikuti chiwombankhanga chimasamba ndi zomwe mungachite pakhomo?
Kusokonekera pang'ono pokhapokha mu chisamaliro cha hippeastrum kungakhale chinthu cholepheretsa mapangidwe a peduncle.
Palibe kutumiza
Popeza pali dothi laling'ono mu mphika ndi hippeastrum, anyezi amakoka zakudya kunja kwake, akukulunga mtanda wonse ndi mizu yowonjezera.
Pankhaniyi, yankho ndilokutenga mwamsanga mphika waukulu. Kutenga zitsulo zowonjezera zazikulu ndi 3-5 masentimita.
Kupanda feteleza
Pogwiritsa ntchito peduncle chikhalidwe pamafunika kuchuluka kwa potash-phosphorous supplement. Zosintha bwino superphosphate ndi nkhuni phulusa.
Maluwa sangakhaleponso ngati feteleza amasankhidwa molakwika, mwachitsanzo, ali ndi nayitrogeni. Pankhaniyi, pali mapangidwe apamwamba a masamba, koma osati peduncle. Kuonjezerapo, feteleza zosakanizidwa zingayambitse matenda a fungal.
Mukudziwa? Hippeastrum imatchedwa dzina lake ndipo inayamba kuonedwa ngati mitundu yosiyana kuchokera ku amaralis mu 1821, pomwe kufotokozedwa kwa zomera zotereku kumachitika kuchokera mu 1737. Izi zidachitidwa chifukwa cha kulakwa kwa Karl Linnaeus, amene amati amaralis ndi hippeastrum ndi mtundu umodzi.
Pambuyo pokonza dongosolo la feteleza molingana ndi ndondomeko yomwe ili pamwambayi, musamayembekezere maluwa chaka chomwecho, monga mbewu idzasowa nthawi yopindulitsa ndi zakudya ndi tab ya peduncle. 
Machitidwe osalungama
Hippeastrum siidzapanga peduncle kutentha. Chikhalidwe chiyenera kusiyanitsa momveka bwino pakati pa magawo a mpumulo ndi nyengo yowonjezera yogwira ntchito. M'nyengo yotentha, zomera sizidzalowa maluwa otentha pansipa + 20 ° C ndi kutentha kwambiri, kuposa 70%.
Hippeastrum sikutanthauza kupopera mbewu. Sichikuchitika ngakhale masiku otentha kwambiri a chilimwe. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa kumera kwa peduncle kuli 23 ... + 30 ° С pa chinyezi cha 60-70%.
Kukula kwa mphika waukulu
Kukula kwakukulu kwa tanki kungakhalenso chifukwa chosowa mitundu.
Chomeracho chimadya zakudya zonse kuti zikule:
- babu;
- mizu yowonjezera;
- mababu;
- gawo lapansi.
Pa mapangidwe a peduncle iye alibe mphamvu zokwanira.
Pankhaniyi, muyenera kuyembekezera mpaka babu ikufika kukula kwake, kapena ngati mukufunikira kusankha mphamvu molingana ndi mizu ya magawo. Mtunda wokwanira ku makoma a mphika ndi pansi pa babu ndi 3 cm.
Bulub kwambiri kwambiri
Babu ayenera kumizidwa mu nthaka ndi theka kapena theka. Mbali imodzi, pamene mutabzala, zikuwoneka kuti izi sizosokoneza ndipo babu idzagwa.
Ndikofunikira! Mukamabzala, nthawi zonse muzigawaniza babu mu magawo anayi ndi kuika 25 kapena 50% malingana ndi kukula kwa chodzala.
Koma, chomeracho, kukulitsa ndi kukhazikitsa mizu yake, chimakhala cholimba mu mphika, ndipo chapamwamba sichitha pansi ndipo sichingawonongeke ndi tizirombo. 
Palibe nthawi yopumula
Hippeastrum imafuna nthawi yopumula, mwinamwake sichidzatha kubwezeretsa pambuyo pa maluwa ndipo sichidzalowa chaka chino chaka chamawa.
Asanalowe m'nyengo yochepa, zomera ziyenera kuloledwa kuika maluwa mapesi, ndi kubwezeretsa kusowa kwa zakudya. Pambuyo pa maluwa, kukula kwake sikusintha. Kumwamba-kukongoletsa ndi chinyezi kumabweretsa nthaka molingana ndi ndondomeko yakale. Patatha mwezi umodzi, amasiya kuchita zonsezi.
Nkhumba za mbewu, ngati zomera ziri pamalo otseguka, chokani muzitseka - chotsani. Masamba ndi peduncle amachotsedwa pokhapokha atayamba kufa, kusintha mtundu ndi kutayika. Ngati masambawo ndi ochepa, ndiye kuti sizingatheke kuti muwachotse ngakhale nthawi yotsalayo.
Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kuchepetsa mthunzi wozizira ndi wochepa, kotero kuti chomera sichitha kukula. Nthaka yowonjezera nthawi ina iliyonse ikhoza kuchitika kamodzi pa mwezi kapena ayi ngati chinyezi chiri mchipinda chapamwamba kuposa 70%.
Matenda kapena tizirombo
Chifukwa cha kuchedwa kwa mapangidwe a peduncle kungakhale ndi matenda ndi tizirombo.
Imodzi mwa matenda owopsa kwambiri kwa hippeastrum ndi staganoporosis (yofiira yofiira mababu). Zizindikiro zoyamba za matendawa ndi malo ofiira ndi madontho pamwamba pa babu omwe amachoka pansi. Pang'onopang'ono, kachilomboka kakufalikira kumtunda.
Pamene zizindikiro zoyamba zimawonekera, nkofunika kuti muwone mpeni wochuluka mowa, kukoka chomeracho mumphika ndikudula malo onse okhudzidwa, mutenge 0,5 masentimita a minofu yathanzi. Pambuyo ponyengerera, magawo onse, babuwo, ayenera kukhala ndi ufa ndi chisakanizo cha Readzole ndi phulusa la nkhuni (1: 1). 
Konzani nthaka yatsopano, ikani mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala okwanira 1% a manganese ndipo muzitsatira mwamsanga. Bzalani babu pakatha mankhwalawa ayenera kukhala okwera kwambiri. Izi zidzakupatsani mpata wolamulira chikhalidwe chake. Pamene ngozi yobwereranso imatha, mukhoza kudzaza dothi lofunika.
Matenda osokoneza bongo ndi mapeto otha msinkhu amakhala pansi pa chikhalidwe cha kulima. Omwe amachititsa matendawa ndi nkhungu zomwe zimafalikira mofulumira. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatumizidwa mofulumira ndi mphepo, mothandizidwa ndi tizilombo. Spores ikuyenda mwamsanga pamaso pa zowonongeka kwa zomera ndi kusowa kwa potaziyamu.
Zizindikiro zoyamba:
- mdima wakuda pa masamba ndi mababu;
- kutaya turgor.
Choyamba ndicho kuchotsa mbali zonse zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi zomera. Kenaka, dulani nthaka ndi 1% yankho la Bordeaux kusakaniza ndi fumbi zonse zomwe zilipo ndi Readzole kuphatikizapo phulusa.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa:
- chishango;
- kangaude;
- tizilombo toyambitsa matenda;
- mealybug
Ndikofunikira! Komanso musanadzale mbewu zina m'deralo, nthaka isanatenge gippeastrum yotseguka pansi iyenera kuchitidwa ndi mkuwa sulphate ndipo imachitidwa 2-3-khola kulima kwa kuya kwa masentimita 20 mu kugwa ndi masika.
Pamene zizindikiro zoyamba za tizilombo taonongeka zimawonekera, nkofunika kuthetsa zinyalala zomwe zimachokera pansi pamtunda ndi siponji yomwe imadziviika m'madzi a sopo. Zowonongeka kwambiri zimachotsedwa, ndipo kudula kuli phulusa ndi phulusa la nkhuni. Kenaka pangani katemera katatu katemera mogwirizana ndi malangizo. Kusiyana pakati pa mankhwala 14-20 masiku. 
Mmene mungapewe zolakwa mu chisamaliro
Njira zothandizira, kuteteza chitukuko cha matenda, tizilombo toononga ndi mavuto ndi kusowa kwa maluwa, ndizitsata ndondomeko za agrotechnical:
- Kuwombera pachaka mu miphika kupitirira kukula kwa zitsulo zakale ndi masentimita 4;
- kukanika kutetezedwa kwa nthaka;
- Kusamalidwa kumalo osungira mbeu kumalo otseguka - sikuvomerezeka kuika hippeastrum pafupi ndi anyezi mbewu;
- Kuwunikira ulimi wothirira ndi kuthira feteleza;
- kupereka holide yonse yachisanu;
- kutsatira malamulo olowera mababu mu nthaka;
- kukhala ndi kutentha kwabwino ndi chinyezi, kumapatsa malo obisala kumera kumalo otseguka pamvula yamvula.
Hippeastrum ikhoza kulowa mu maluwa 2 nthawi pachaka. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kutsatira agrotechnical malamulo.
