Froberberries, kapena munda wa strawberries - umodzi mwa zipatso zotchuka ndi zokondedwa kwa anthu ambiri. Ndipo izi sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa ziri ndi kukoma kokometsetsa komwe sikuwoneka ngati chinthu china. Pali mitundu yambiri ya zipatsozi, ndipo aliyense wa iwo ali ndi makhalidwe ake. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za mitundu yodalirika kwambiri ya strawberries - "Marmalade".
About kuswana
Chifukwa cha Italiya za sitiroberi wamtengo wapatali, chifukwa mu 1989 iwo adalumikiza izi zosiyanasiyana. Kuti mutenge "Marmalade", mitundu ya "Gorela" ndi "Holiday" inadutsa.
Mukudziwa? Ngakhale kuti strawberries ndi okoma kwambiri, amakhala ndi shuga pang'ono, osachepera ndimu.
Kufotokozera kwachilengedwe ndi maonekedwe
Posiyanitsa mwaluso "Marmalade" kuchokera ku mitundu ina, muyenera kudziwa mbali zake. 
Mitengo
Zinyama zili ndi mphamvu, koma nthawi yomweyo zimagwirizana ndi chitsamba. Ndi wamtali (mpaka 30-40 masentimita), kufalikira, ndi mbali yaikulu yobiriwira ndi mphukira zambiri.
Masamba a kuthengo amakulira ndipo amakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira.
Inflorescences ndi ambiri, amatsogoleredwa pamwamba ndi kumwera pamwamba pa masamba. Mphuphu imakula kwambiri, ndipo maluwa okhawo ali oyera.
Zipatso
Mitengo ya zipatso ya "Marmalade" ili ndi angapo zinthu, chifukwa ichi sitiroberi imakonda ambiri wamaluwa:
- Zipatso ndi zazikulu (25-30 g), nthawi zina zazikulu (mpaka 40 g);
- mawonekedwe ozolowereka nthawi zonse ndi nsonga yowopsya ndi yochepa;
- mtundu wofiira wofiira;
- Zipatso ndi zowonongeka, koma nthawi imodzi yowutsa mudyo komanso zokoma kwambiri (ndi kuuma kowala);
- wotchulidwa fungo.
Zinthu zosiyanasiyana
Kuti mupeze mbewu zapamwamba kwambiri, m'pofunika kulingalira makhalidwe a zosiyanasiyana.
Chilala kukana ndi chisanu kukana
"Marmalade" kugonjetsedwa ndi otsika kutentha, koma ozizira (m'munsimu -15 ° С) ndi kutentha kozizira kofunikira kumafuna malo. Ngati nyengo yozizira imakhala yofewa, ndiye kuti strawberries amatha kupirira kutentha mpaka -30 ° C.
Zosiyanasiyana zimapirira chilala bwino, koma nthawi zonse madzi okwanira akadali ofunika, mwinamwake zipatso zimataya juiciness ndi maonekedwe maonekedwe. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuthirira kwachitsamba kwa tchire ndikowononga.
Nthawi yotulutsa ndi zokolola
Marmalade ali ndi nthawi yokolola. Zosiyanasiyana zimapereka zokolola zabwino. Kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi akhoza kusonkhanitsidwa kuchokera 700 g kufika 1 makilogalamu a zipatso. Ndikofunika kuti posamalira bwino nyengo ndi nyengo yabwino, tchire ukhoza kubereka zipatso 2 nthawi pa nyengo.
Mukudziwa? Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa mavitamini a gulu B, strawberries ndi othandiza kwambiri kwa dongosolo lamanjenje ndipo amalimbikitsidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ndi anthu omwe ali ndi nkhawa zambiri.
Transportability
Ngakhale kuti ndi juiciness, strawberries wa zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana amakololedwa ndi kutengedwa kutalika. Zipatso sizikuphwanyidwa ndipo musalole madzi, ngakhale atatumizidwa mabokosi okhala ndi masentimita 20 cm. 
Ntchito
Chifukwa cha kukoma kwake, sitiroberi zosiyanasiyana "Marmalade" ali ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana:
- Amanyeketsa yaiwisi, yopangidwa kuchokera ku mavitamini osiyanasiyana ndi maswiti;
- zipatso zimapangidwa kuchokera ku jams ndi kusunga;
- Gwiritsani ntchito zipatso zodzikongoletsera (khungu, tsitsi).
Familiarize nokha ndi maphikidwe okonzekera strawberries: kupanikizana, marmalade, maswiti, compote, tincture, chisanu.
Kumene mungabzalidwe pa webusaitiyi
Zosiyanasiyana "Marmalade" zimakonda kwambiri pakati pa anthu ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso chifukwa chokula. Koma kuti mbeu ikhale yopindulitsa, m'pofunika kutsata luso lakulima.
Ubwino wa zokolola zam'tsogolo zimadalira momwe malo adasankhidwira komanso zomera zidabzalidwa:
- Nthaka sayenera kulowerera ndale. Dothi losakanikirana liyenera kukhala laimu wambiri, mwinamwake mbewuyo idzakhala yochepa kwambiri komanso yoipa kwambiri.
- Malowa ndi othandiza kusankha dzuwa, ndi mthunzi wochepa. Kuwala kwa dzuwa kosatha sikudzasokoneza mtundu wa zipatso.
- Kutseka madzi amchere kumakhudza kwambiri kubzala, choncho ayenera kupeŵa.
- Ngati nyengo yokha imakhala yozizira, ndiye kuti tchire liyenera kukhala pamapiri okwezeka.
Phunzirani momwe mungabwerere strawberries mu autumn ndi masika, pansi pa kuphimba zinthu, mu wowonjezera kutentha, pogwiritsa ntchito luso la Dutch, kuti mumere kuchokera ku mbewu.
Ngati mahema (mbatata, tomato) adakula pa chiwembucho, ndiye kuti sizowonjezera kubzala mitengo ya sitiroberi pamtunda, chifukwa zimachepa kwambiri nthaka.
Yabwino oyambirira a strawberries pa tsamba ndi kaloti, beets, nkhaka kapena letesi. 
Mmene mungabzalidwe mbande
Pofuna kubzala bwino, muyenera kumamatira ku sayansi ndi kutsatira malangizo:
- Nthaŵi yabwino kwambiri yobwera ndikumapeto kwa August. Pachifukwa ichi, zokolola zidzatha nyengo yotsatira, koma m'nyengo yozizira tchire lidzakula bwino ndikukula.
- Mtunda pakati pa tchire uyenera kukhala pafupifupi 30-35 masentimita, ndi pakati pa mizere - 50 cm. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti tchire ndizokwanira ndipo zimafuna malo oti kukula kwathunthu.
- Mizu iyenera kugwirizana momasuka mu dzenje.
- Mbewu imayenera kudzazidwa ndi dziko lapansi osati molimba kwambiri, kuti mizu ikhale ndi mpweya wabwino.
- Mwamsanga mutabzala, tchire tiyenera kuthiriridwa kuti tifulumire kukula ndikukhala bwino kwa thanzi la mbewu.
Ndikofunikira! Kuti mupeze zokolola zabwino kwambiri, ndondomeko ya sitiroberi iyenera kukonzekera kuyambira kumapeto kwa nyengo: Fesani ndi mitsinje yobiriwira, yomwe imatchera mu August, ndipo muzitha kumera ndi mitundu yonse yofunikira ya nthaka mu malo osankhidwa.
Kusamalira kwanu
Pambuyo pokhala malo osankhidwa bwino ndikuyenera kubzala, strawberries amafunikira chisamaliro chapamwamba:
- Njira yabwino yothetsera kuthira ulimi wothirira. Ngati ulimi wothirira sungathe kupereka, kuthirira kumayenera kuchitidwa pamanja. Nthawi zambiri zimadalira nyengo ndi nyengo komanso makamaka nyengo. Kawirikawiri, zomera zothirira zizikhala 1 tsiku lililonse masiku 4-7, nthawi zambiri kuthirira pa nthawi zosiyana za nyengo ndi zofanana, kusiyana kwake ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati mvula imagwa, madzi okwanira amatha kuchotsedwa. Nthawi yotentha, madzi akumwa pa 1 lalikulu. m lita 20 malita, ndipo mu ozizira - 10-12 malita. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kusowa kwa chinyezi kumakhudza kwambiri khalidwe la zipatso, kuwapangitsa kukhala osakoma ndi okongola.
- Pofuna kuti mabedi asapangidwe muzitsamba, m'pofunikira kuti muzitha kudula tinyanga nthawi zonse. Nthaŵi yabwino kwambiri yotsatirayi ndi yophukira, pamene zokolola zonse zasonkhanitsidwa kale. M'chaka choyamba, akulangizidwa kuti athetse nthenda zonse ndi maluwa, zomwe zimapatsa mlimi mphamvu zambiri kukula.
- Kutsegula ndi njira yovomerezeka pambuyo kuthirira. Iyenera kuchitidwa kwa kuya kwa 8-12 masentimita, koma samalani, mwinamwake mukhoza kuwononga mizu. Pa nthawi yomweyi, kuchotsa namsongole omwe wapanga kuchokera kumsana wam'mbuyo kumayambiriro. Ndikofunika kuchotsa zomera zomwe sizikufunika kuchokera muzu, mwinamwake zidzakula mofulumira.
- Kusindikiza kwa "Marmalade" kumafunika zaka zitatu zilizonse. Pokhapokha, zipatsozo zidzakhala zamtengo wapatali komanso zowonjezera.
- Kuphatikizira ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri kuti ubwino wa zomera zisinthe komanso m'nyengo yozizira. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, kuti muteteze chinyezi, mutha kukwera ndi utuchi kapena ngakhale makatoni. Koma m'nyengo yozizira amalangizidwa kuti achite izi mothandizidwa ndi nthambi zafiritsi ndi agrofiber (kapena zinthu zina zopanda nsalu). Izi zidzathandiza zomera kupulumuka kuzizira.
- Njira zothandizira ndizofunika kuchita, ngakhale kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala yovuta kwambiri ndi zilonda zosiyanasiyana (matenda ndi tizilombo). Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutaya tchire nthawi yake ndi fungicides ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa molingana ndi malangizo a mankhwalawa komanso panthawi inayake.
- Kuti mupeze zotsatira za khalidwe, kuvala ndi chinthu chovomerezeka. Komanso, chomeracho chimayankha bwino mchere komanso mchere.
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi feteleza ndi kofunikira pazigawo zingapo:
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi feteleza ndi kofunikira pazigawo zingapo:- Musanadzalemo, m'pofunika kukumba nthaka ndi peat ndi humus (5-8 makilogalamu pa 1 sq. m);
- Pambuyo pa mapepala oyambirira, nitrogen supplementation ikuchitika; urea ndi woyenera (30 g pa kablo imodzi ya madzi);
- pa potaziyamu nitrate amagwiritsidwa ntchito (25 g pa chidebe chimodzi cha madzi), womwe umayenda mozama pansi pazu;
- nyengo yozizira isanayambe, manyowa ovunda (1 chidebe) ndi phulusa (1 chikho) amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Phunzirani zambiri za ulimi wothirira madzi: ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito, bungwe la ulimi wothirira mowa, kusankha ndi kukhazikitsa tepi yachitsulo, kuthirira madzi okwanira kuchokera ku mabotolo a pulasitiki.Onaninso za chisamaliro cha strawberries: kuvala masika ndi autumn; kusiya m'chaka (pa maluwa), pambuyo yokolola, mu kugwa.
Zabwino ndi zamwano
Strawberry "Marmalade" ali ndi zambiri zotsatira:
- mawonekedwe okongola;
- kukoma kokoma ndi fungo;
- kudzichepetsa komanso kuchepa;
- kuthekera ndi kosavuta kwa kayendedwe;
- kukana matenda ndi nyengo zosiyanasiyana.
Koma kodi zosiyanasiyanazi zili ndi vuto? Inde, ngati chomera chirichonse, chiri nacho chake zofooka:
- ngati mvula ikugwa m'nyengo yakucha, zipatso zimapsa bwino, zimakhala zosavuta komanso zosakoma ndi zonunkhira;
- Kukhazikika kwa tchire m'munda kumapangitsa chipatso kukhala chochepa;
- Zimasonyeza kuti zingatheke kumalo osalowerera ndale, ndipo nthawi zina mbewu zimachepa;
- Zipatso zimadwala matenda ena (woyera ndi bulauni malo).
Werengani komanso njira zothana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo ta strawberries: fusarium ndi verticillium wilt, masamba ofiira, maatodes.
Video: 'Marmolada' ndemanga
Strawberries 'Marmolada': ndemanga za wamaluwa
Pokhala ndi chilakolako ndi zochepa, mungathe kupanga khadi la bizinesi la chiwembu chanu kunja kwa munda sitiroberi mitundu "Marmalade". Pambuyo pake, zipatso zazikulu ndi zokoma sizidzasiya aliyense wokondedwa wanu kapena mlendo ndipo adzakumbukiridwa ndi aliyense amene amawayesa kwa nthawi yaitali.
