M'madera a steppe, alimi ambiri amakana kusunga anthu kufunafuna chakudya ndi ziweto, ndi kubweretsa nkhosa zomwe zingathe kudyetsa m'malo opululu.
Kenaka, phunzirani zenizeni za kudyetsa nkhosa nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Ganiziraninso kuchepetsa kunenepa kwa nyama zamphongo ndi nkhosa patsiku.
Choyenera kudyetsa nkhosa kunyumba: maziko a zakudya
Kuti nyama ikhale ndi thanzi labwino, zakudya zake ziyenera kuphatikizapo mitundu yambiri ya zakudya zamapamwamba.
Chakudya cha succulent
Zakudya zowonjezera ndizochepa kalori, mbali zowonjezera zamasamba za zomera zomwe zimakhala ndi mchere wambiri.
Grass
M'nyengo yotentha, nkhosa zimasowa udzu watsopano. Pochita izi, amamasulidwa kudyetsa nkhumba, posankha malo ouma a steppe, osati malo otsetsereka kapena malo odyetserako madzi pafupi ndi matupi a madzi. Nkhosa zimadya osati zokoma, udzu wouma, komanso minga yambiri yamaluwa, komanso mphukira zochepa za zitsamba. Udzu utasanduka wachikasu ndipo umatha, nyama zimayenera kudyetsedwa ndi masamba a nyemba kapena tirigu. 
Iyenera kukumbukira kuti tsiku lililonse nkhosa imayenera kudya 1 makilogalamu a udzu pa makilogalamu zana 100kuti phindu lolemera liwonedwe.
Ndikofunikira! Simungathe kumadyetsa ng'ombe zanjala m'mawa kwambiri kapena mvula ikagwa m'malo omwe ali ndi nyemba. Ngati chinyama chidya udzu wouma pamimba yopanda kanthu, zidzakula.
Silo
Silo amawotcha masamba, zimayambira ndi nsonga za zomera.
Silo imakulolani kuthetsa mavuto awiri kamodzi: kusunga chakudya pa nyengo yozizira, ndipo perekani chinyama chofanana ndi udzu. Pofuna kudyetsa nkhosa za silage, pamwamba pa chimanga nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa.
Munthu mmodzi amadya makilogalamu 4 a silage patsiku, choncho, pamaso pa ziweto zazikulu, zomera zobiridwa zimayenera kukonzekera kwambiri.
Phunzirani zambiri za chakudya cha silage: Kukolola silage ndi kusungirako, mbewu zabwino kwambiri za silage: chimanga, manyuchi.
Muzu ndi maluwa
Mazira ndi mavwende amadzaza thupi la nyama ndi mavitamini, minerals, ndi fiber. M'nyengo yozizira, chinyama chimakhala ndi kusowa chakudya chopatsa thanzi, choncho mankhwalawa adzakuthandizira ndi kulimbitsa bwino chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku. 
Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mizu masamba (makamaka kaloti ndi beets). Mukhoza kudyetsa masamba ndi masamba owiritsa. Njira yachiwiri ndi yosavomerezeka, chifukwa chakuti kutentha kwachitika kumawonongeka kwa mankhwala ambiri ofunika kwambiri. Mpaka makilogalamu 4 a mbewu zowonongeka payekha ayenera kuperekedwa tsiku lililonse.
Werengani komanso za mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kubzala ndi kusamalira beet chakudya.
Mwa vwende mbewu Ndikoyenera kuonetsa zukini ndi dzungu. Dzungu imasungidwa bwino, komanso imakhala ndi mavitamini ochulukirapo, choncho ndi yabwino. Perekani zinyama zinyama ziyenera kukhala zatsopano, zisanafike.
Kudyetsa chakudya
Kudyetsa koyipa ndi udzu wouma umene uli ndi mchere wambiri ndi mchere, kotero uyenera kuphatikizidwa mu chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku cha nkhosa.
Udzu
Nthanga ndi yochepa kwambiri, chifukwa imasowa mavitamini, mapuloteni ochepa kwambiri ndi mchere, komanso zowonjezera zambiri. Chotsatira chake, chakudya choterocho chimadetsedwa ndi 40-50% kokha. 
Udzu wamtengo wapatali kwambiri:
- peyala;
- balere;
- oats;
- mapira.
Tirigu udzu suli wosiyana, chifukwa uli ndi mapuloteni ochepa katatu kusiyana ndi mtola.
Werengani komanso za mtundu wa nkhosa: Kuibyshev, Gissar, Edilbaev, merino (mtundu, kubala), dorper, maulendo a Romney, Texel, Katum.
Hay
Nkhuku ndi chakudya chachikulu m'nyengo yozizira, choncho umoyo wake ndi kuchuluka kwake ziyenera kukwaniritsa zosowa za nyama. Munthu mmodzi tsiku lililonse amadya 4 kg ya udzu.
Grass hay amaonedwa kuti ndi ofunika kwambiri.omwe anafesedwa panthawi ya maluwa. Zitsambazi zikuphatikizapo nyemba, clover, nandolo zakutchire. Zomerazi zimaphatikizapo zinthu zambiri zomwe zimathandiza kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi ndi kusintha kagayidwe ka maselo. 
Senazh
Haylage ndi zomera zamtengo wapatali, zomwe nthawi ya kuyanika zimataya madzi oposa 50%. Chitetezo chawo chimatsimikiziridwa mwa kuthira muzitsulo zapadera. Udzu umenewo ndi wovuta kapena wosatheka kuyika silage (nyemba ndi tirigu) amaloledwa ku haylage.
Haylage imagwiritsidwa ntchito monga fodya m'malo mwake kapena chakudya chowonjezera. Nthawi zina, chakudya choterechi chimalowetsedwa ndi silage, koma ndi bwino kukumbukira kuti silage ndi chakudya chokoma, ndipo haylage ndi yochepa.
Mukudziwa? Nkhosa zimadalira kwambiri mtundu wa anthu, choncho nyama yodwala imayamba kugwa mofulumira, yomwe imapita kuntchito kukana.
Chakudya chokwanira
Zakudya zolimbitsa thupi zimakulolani kuti mugwirizane ndi zakudya zamakono tsiku ndi tsiku, komanso mupatseni nyama zowonjezera mapuloteni. Chifukwa cha chakudya chamtengo wapatali, sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito monga maziko a zakudya, ngakhale kuti zimalola nkhosa kupeza zonse zomwe zimafunikira. 
Core Chimalingalira:
- Nkhumba (balere, oats, tirigu);
- nyemba (nandolo, vetch, nyemba, mphodza, lupine, chickpeas, espartit, etc.);
- mpendadzuwa;
- nthambi;
- chimanga (chonse kapena chosweka);
- chakudya chapadera.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kudyetsa nkhosa, ndi bwino kugula nyemba zamphaka kapena nyemba zowonjezera.
Zakudya zolimbitsa thupi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri puloteni, mafuta, mavitamini osiyanasiyana ndi mchere. Munthu mmodzi pa tsiku ayenera kuperekedwa kwa 0,5 kg makilogalamu.
Mavitamini Amchere
Monga zowonjezera zowonjezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mchere, choko ndi fupa chakudya.
Mchere umathandiza kusunga madzi, choncho munthu wamkulu ayenera kudyetsedwa 10-15 g ya mchere tsiku ndi tsiku. 
Zakudya ndi mafupa ndi magwero a kashiamu ndi phosphoric acid. Zinthu izi ndizofunika kuti kukula ndi chitukuko cha msana wa nkhosa, motero zimatumikiridwa muzitsulo zosiyana. Nkhosa zonse ziyenera kukhala ndi mchere 24/7.
Madzi
Mu nyengo yotentha, nkhosa ikadya nthawi zambiri, ndizofunika kwambiri kusamalira madzi. Nyama zimalekerera kwambiri kusowa kwa madzi kuposa chakudya.
Ndikofunikira! N'zosatheka kuthira nkhosa pamadzi oima. Izi zingawononge thanzi lawo.
M'nyengo yozizira, pamene mchere umadyetsa kwambiri ndipo chakudya chimadya kwambiri, nkhosa zimayenera kupatsidwa madzi (siziyenera kuzizira). Pa kilogalamu iliyonse ya mankhwala owuma ayenera kukhala malita atatu a madzi. Kutentha kwa madzi sikuyenera kugwera m'munsimu + 8 ° C, mwinamwake zinyama zidzatentha.
Kufunikira kwa madzi tsiku ndi tsiku kwa nkhosa wamkulu ndi 4-5 l. 
Kusiyanasiyana kwakudyetsa malingana ndi nthawi ya chaka
Pali dongosolo linalake logwiritsira ntchito chakudya. M'mawa ndi madzulo, nkhosa zimayenera kupatsidwa chakudya chochepa chopatsa thanzi, ndipo chakudya chambiri choyenera chiyenera kudyetsedwa masana. Grass ndi chakudya china chokoma chimaperekedwa musanamwe madzi, ndipo chimayang'ana ndi msipu pambuyo pake. Ndikofunika kuti mumange bwino zakudya, malinga ndi nthawi ya chaka.
Onani mtundu wa nkhosa mkaka, nyama ndi ubweya wa nkhosa.
Spring
Mu kasupe famu iliyonse imakhala ndi kusowa kwa chakudya chouma ndipo imayika, ndikofunika kutumiza nkhosa ku udzu mwamsanga. Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kutsatira malamulo, mwinamwake chiwerengero chonse cha anthu chidzakhumudwa m'mimba, chomwe chili choipa kwambiri kwa achinyamata.
Pofuna kuthetsa zoipa zomwe zimachokera m'mimba, zimayenera kupereka udzu kapena haylage kwa nkhosa panthawi yopumula. M'pofunikanso kuonjezera mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku umafika pa 500-700 magalamu. Izi zidzachepetsa kuchuluka kwa udzu, kuti mu banja loyamba nkhosa zizidziwika kuti zatsopano zowutsa mudyo. 
Chilimwe
Palibiretu udzu m'chilimwe, choncho 85% ya chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku chiyenera kukhala chakudya chatsopano. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, nkofunika kuti nyama iliyonse ipezeke pafupifupi 200 g yazing'ono tsiku ndi tsiku kuti liwononge kulemera kwake (udzu suli wosiyana mu ziwerengero). Komanso, pokhala mu khola, nkhosa zimapatsidwa udzu wochepa (mpaka 1 makilogalamu payekha).
Onani malangizo odyetserako ziweto.
Ponena za madzi, amafunika kwambiri. Pamene kudyetsa, nyama zimamwa kuchokera ku matupi a chirengedwe, ndipo pamene zimapuma mu khola, zimakhala zokwanira kuika madzi angapo (payekha aliyense) kuti atatha kudya udzu nkhosa sizikumva ludzu. 
Kutha
Kumayambiriro kwa autumn, nkutheka kudyetsa ziweto, koma phindu la zitsamba licheperachepera tsiku ndi tsiku, kotero ndikofunikira kuti pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera udzu, masamba ndi zakudya, komanso kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa zakudya zowonjezera.
Nkhosa iliyonse patsiku imapereka nkhumba zapamwamba zokwana 3 makilogalamu, ndi makilogalamu 4 a masamba odulidwa. Mukhozanso kuphatikizapo zakudya za silo.
Zima
Udzu watsopano mu zakudya umalowetsedwa ndi coarse chakudya, ndiwo zamasamba ndipo umayang'ana. Munthu wamkulu aliyense ayenera kupatsidwa 4 kg wa udzu ndi silage patsiku, pafupifupi 300 g wa concentrates, komanso mpaka makilogalamu 4 a mbewu kapena vwende. 
Ndikofunikira! Kwa chaka chonse, muyenera kupereka mchere wambiri m'thupi lanu. Kupanda mchere kapena kashiamu sikukugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zitsamba kapena chakudya cha nyama.
Miyezo ndi zakudya nthawi yapadera
Malingana ndi kugonana, msinkhu komanso chikhalidwe cha nyama, chakudya chingasinthidwe. Zinthu izi ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti zisasokoneze thanzi la nyama ndi kupereka zamoyo zake zonse zofunika.
Amuna
Pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi ayenera kuloledwa kuti azimayi, omwe ali ndi mafuta ambiri. Kuti muchite izi, masabata asanu musanayambe kukwanitsa, m'pofunika kuonjezera mtengo wa caloric tsiku lililonse ndi 0,0-0.3 mafakitale (1 cu ndi ofanana ndi 1 kg ya oats mbewu).
Ewe nyengo yozizira:
- kuchotsa - 35-45%;
- zakudya zowutsa mudyo - 35-45%;
- chakudya chokhazikika - 20-30%.
M'nyengo yozizira, nyama zimadyetsedwa ndi udzu wokongola kwambiri, haylage, silage. Udzu, umagwiritsira ntchito, ndi masamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya china. 
Malo ozungulira tsiku lililonse m'nthawi ya autumn-yozizira:
- 500-800 g ya msipu wa udzu;
- 2.5-3 makilogalamu a silage ndi mbewu;
- 500 g wa udzu;
- 250-300 g ya chakudya choyikirapo.
M'chilimwe, chinyama chimakhutiritsa mokwanira zosowa zake chifukwa cha udzu umene umakula m'mapiri. Kokha ngati nkhumba imanyamula zipatso zambiri kapena kudyetsa ana ndi mkaka, kodi mtolowo ukhale wochuluka ndi 300-400 g wa chakudya chodziwika bwino.
Malangizo kwa alimi a nkhosa zachangu: Momwe mungapangire khungu pawekha, kumeta ubweya wa nkhosa; Njira zoyenera kusankha ogulira nkhosa.
Ram maker
Kuti nkhosa zamphongo zizikhala moyenera nthawi zonse, ziyenera kudyetsa chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku cha magawo 1.8 a chakudya. Pakati pa kukwatira, nyama imakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, choncho chakudya chamakono chikuwonjezeka (mpaka 2.3 ke).
Masabata asanu asanayambe kukwanitsa, nkhosa zamphongo zimayamba kudyetsa mwamphamvu, kuti panthawi ya mating idyetsedwa mokwanira komanso molimbika.
Zakudya za m'nyengo yachisanu:
- kuchotsa - 30-40%;
- chakudya chabwino - 20-25%;
- limafotokoza - 40-45%.
Nyama yopangidwa ndi zitsamba zamtengo wapatali, udzu wa udzu, ndi haylage ndi abwino ngati roughage. Mpaka 3 kg ya udzu payekha ayenera kuperekedwa tsiku lililonse. Ngati sizingatheke kupereka mabuku amenewa, ndiye kuti udzu ndi ufa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ngati njira yomaliza, masamba ang'onoang'ono a udzu amagwiritsidwa ntchito. 
Popeza theka la chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku ndi zakudya zowonjezera, ayenera kupatsidwa pafupifupi 0.8-1.2 kg. Ndalamayi idzakhala yokwanira kupereka chakudya chofunika cha caloric.
Kukula ndi kukolola mbewu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga chakudya chokoma.
Kudya panthawi yopikisana:
- nyemba kapena nyemba zobiriwira - 2 kg;
- nthanga - 800 g;
- chakudya - 250 g;
- kudya kaloti - 500 g;
- mchere - 16 g
Werengani ndondomeko ndi ntchito ya chakudya cha soya ndi mpendadzuwa.
Pakati pa kukwatira, mkaka wochuluka (1 l) umawonjezeredwa ku chakudya, komanso nyama kapena nsomba (100 g payekha). Ndikofunika kuwerengera kalori pasadakhale. Kwa ichi ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito tebulo la chakudya chachikulu ndi magulu opatsa.
Achinyamata
Miyezi yoyamba ya 2-2.5 ya ana a nkhosa imadyetsa chiberekero, kotero kukula ndi chitukuko chawo molunjika zimadalira mkaka ndi mkaka wabwino. Ngati pazifukwa zina nkhosa sizingathe kudyetsa ana, ndiye kuti amadyetsedwa kuchokera ku mawere, pogwiritsa ntchito mkaka wa ng'ombe. Kudyetsa kumaperekedwa kasanu patsiku pang'ono ting'ono. 
Pambuyo pa mwezi wachiwiri wa nyama, nyama zinyama zimasowa mchere, kotero zimagawanika ndi choko, fupa chakudya ndi mchere ziyenera kupatulidwa, mwinamwake ana a nkhosa amayamba kuyamwa tsitsi la amayi, lomwe lingayambitse vuto lalikulu ndi chimbudzi.
Phunzirani momwe mungasamalire bwino ana a nkhosa mutatha kulusa ndi ana opanda amayi.
Kuchokera pa miyezi iwiri nkofunika kuti pang'onopang'ono tiyike ndikudyerera. Yambani ndi 50 g patsiku, pogwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamapuloteni. Ng'oma za mbewu zabwino kwambiri zimayambitsidwa pang'onopang'ono.
Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku ali ndi zaka 4-6:
- 300 g ya chakudya chapadera;
- 150 magalamu a mafuta;
- 0,5 makilogalamu a udzu;
- 0,5 makilogalamu a ndiwo zamasamba;
- 4 g wa mchere.
Ndikofunikira! Ali ndi zaka 5, achinyamata ayenera kudya 2 pa tsiku.
Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku za ana a nkhosa omwe ali ndi miyezi 10-12:
- 500 g wa udzu wa nyemba;
- 1.5 makilogalamu a udzu;
- 150 magalamu a tirigu wa balere;
- 50 g ufa;
- 9 g wa mchere.
Mosiyana, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti zakudya zowonjezera (1 g pa tsiku) zimaphatikizapo kudya zakudya zinyama, zomwe zimakulolani kuti mupewe kusowa kwa thupili.
Nkhosa zoyamba kudya nyama
Asanaphedwe, zakudya za ziweto zimasinthidwa kuti ziwonjezere kulemera kwake. Zakudya zamtundu wa caloric zamtundu wa tsiku ndi tsiku zimawonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo zamagalimoto zimachepa. Izi zimakuthandizani kupeza phindu lofulumira mwamsanga nthawi yochepa kwambiri.
Pazinthu izi, nkhosa zizikhala pafupi masabata 2-3:
- 0,7 makilogalamu abwino;
- 5 kg wa silage;
- 1 makilogalamu a masamba kapena bahch;
- 450 g akufotokoza (nandolo, balere, chimanga).
Dziwani kuti kuchuluka kwa mafuta sikuyenera kuwonjezeka kwambiri, mwinamwake mudzapeza mapaundi owonjezera, osati nyama.
Mukudziwa? Nkhosa zimayenda mozungulira ndi mbuzi. Kusakaniza kumeneku kumakhala ndi chikoka chokwanira kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, komabe nthawi zambiri ndi wosabereka. Zing'onoting'ono zimakhala ndi ubweya wosangalatsa, womwe umafanana ndi mawonekedwe a chovala cha M'busa wa ku Caucasus.
Chimene sichikhoza kudyetsa nkhosa
Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimafunikira osapatula zakudya zakutchire:
- Zaletsedwa kudyetsa udzu ndi nkhosa zomwe zimamera mumadambo (bango, mahatchi). Muyeneranso kupatsa tirigu wowawasa (sedge, kuthamanga).
- Simungapereke shuga, monga muzu umenewu umakweza kwambiri shuga, yomwe imayambitsa matenda a shuga.
- Zomera zonse, zipatso ndi mavwende ziyenera kudulidwa pang'onopang'ono, monga nkhosa zikhoza kuthothoka.
- Zaletsedwa kupereka achinyamata chakudya ndi zakudya zina.
Video: Kudyetsa nkhosa - Kuwerenga
Omwe amaweta nkhosa amawafotokozera: chidziwitso cha kudyetsa nyama
Nkhosa ndi zinyama zopanda ulemu, zomwe, ngati zisungidwa bwino, zimalola mwiniyo kulandira ndalama zochepa. Pochita kusunga ndikofunika kusapulumutsa pa zakudya ndi zofunikira, kuti mupeze ubweya wabwino ndi nyama yapamwamba.
