Otsatira a "kusaka mwakachetechete" kuchokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bowa amasiyanitsa banja la Boletov, makamaka bowa lachitsulo. Kodi banja ili ndi chiyani, momwe likuwonekera komanso momwe amadyerera ndi oimira ake, tikuphunzira kuchokera m'nkhani ino.
Grabovik (obabok imvi, boletus gray)
Grabovik kapena imvi boletus zosiyanasiyana ndi zosiyana mu ntchito. Zimakhala zolimba (zamakono akale) zamkati zamkati, zomwe zimakhala bwino m'madzi otchedwa marinades ndi salty snacks, koyamba koyamba ndi zonunkhira, mukhoza kuuma ndi kuuma m'nyengo yozizira. Musanaphike, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa ziwalo zonse, monga Grabback nthawi zambiri amawapha mphutsi.
Ichi ndi chachikulu kwambiri, ndi chipewa chokhala ndi masentimita 14. M'magulu ang'onoang'ono, ndizomwe zimapanga maonekedwe ake, ndi m'mphepete mwake. Pamene ikukula, kapu imakhala yowonjezereka, pamwamba pake imakwera pang'ono. 
Mwendo wokhotakhota umakhala waukulu m'munsi, mpaka masentimita 4, mpaka mamita 13 masentimita. Mzerewu umakhala wobiriwira mumdima wakuda, pafupi ndi kapu ndi mthunzi woyera. Pamene miyeso imakula, miyendo ikuphimba pamdima, imakhala ndi nsalu ya brownish.
Mapangidwe a mthunzi wa milky, pa odulidwa, amatembenukira pinki, pang'onopang'ono akuda mpaka mdima.
Pokonzekera njira zanu zosaka za bowa, onani zakudya zomwe zikukula mu May ndi autumn ndi mitundu yoopsa ya bowa.
Mafinya amtundu wa boleti wofiira; spores amapanga symbiosis ndi mizu ya mitengo yovuta ndi zitsamba: hazelnut, poplar, birch, koma nthawi zambiri ndi hornbeam, monga dzina limatchula.
Ambiri omwe amapezeka m'mapiri a Caucasus, nthawi ya fruiting - kuyambira June mpaka September kuphatikizapo. 
Far Eastern
Mapepala odyetsedwa, oyenera kuyamwa, kuthira ndi kutentha, akhoza kuuma kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito m'nyengo yozizira. Manyowa osowa amafunika nyengo, popeza sizimasiyana ndi momwe amachitira bowa kukoma ndi kununkhiza.
Chipewa cha bowa wamkulu mu mawonekedwe a dziko lapansi, ndi nyengo yowuma, ikhoza kusokoneza, kuwonetsa mnofu woyera. Pakati pa kukula kwake kufika pamtunda wa masentimita 25. Pa nyama zinyama, mawonekedwewa amakhala okhwima kwambiri ndi makwinya pang'ono, m'mphepete mwake amatsindikizidwa pa tsinde. Mtunduwu ndi wofiira. 
Tsinde ndi lachangu, lalitali, mpaka masentimita 13, ndipo pafupifupi masentimita atatu. Yunifolomu ya mtundu wa ocher wofiira.
Mnofu, pamene umatuluka, umakhala wochepa kwambiri, umasintha mtundu wake kuchoka ku zoyera mpaka ku pinki.
Spores ya kuwala kofiirira mtundu wanga mycelium ndi deciduous, nthawi zambiri ndi thundu.
Amasonkhana ku Primorsky Territory ya Far East kuyambira August mpaka September. 
Zithunzi zojambulapo
Nsomba zazing'ono zamatumbo zopaka utoto zilibe kukoma, kotero zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira mbale, zophika. Kuphika pafupi mphindi 15, pamene mukukonzekera amasanduka wakuda.
Maonekedwe a kapu ali ndi phokoso lofiira (akhoza kukhala kirimu ndi mthunzi wa azitona wochepa), m'mphepete mwawo muli pang'ono ndikumangika.
Msola uli ndi mitundu yosiyana, pambali yoyera, flake ya pinki, pafupi ndi m'munsi, mthunzi wa chikasu. Kutalika mpaka masentimita 11, makulidwe mpaka 2 cm. 
Mnofu ndi woyera, madzi, alibe fungo lowala.
Ulusi wa spore ndi pinki, ellipsoidal, chimanga cha mtundu wa mkuta.
Mukudziwa? Mitunduyi imapezeka mu Buku Lopatulika la Sakhalin Region, ndipo imatetezedwanso ku malo a Blagoveshchensk ku Altai.
Bowawo ndi wamba ku North America, Asia, kumpoto kwa Ulaya, Far East, ndi kummawa kwa Siberia. Zimakhala m'nkhalango zosakanikirana ndi zowonongeka, zimakonda kukhazikika pansi pa mitengo ya birch, mtengo, pine, zipatso kuyambira July mpaka September. 
Akuda
Ndi ochepa akuda omwe amasonkhanitsidwa: ndizodya, koma ena amadziwika bwino. Kawirikawiri zimatchedwa marinated kapena zouma kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zokometsera.
Mtundu wozungulira wa mtundu wachikasu wokhala ndi mtundu wooneka bwino uli ndi mawonekedwe a maselo, khungu lomwe limaphimba likhoza kukhala losalala kapena lakumverera. Ndiyitali mwake, pafupifupi, masentimita 10.
Lembani mpaka masentimita 12 m'litali ndi mamita 3 masentimita muyeso ya mawonekedwe ozungulira omwe akuwombera pansi. Mtundu uli wofiira ndi zofiira zachikasu. 
Thupi ndi lowala kwambiri, ngati lathyoka, limakhala lofiira, pambuyo - lakuda.
Mbalame yamtundu wobiriwira, imapanga symbiosis ndi beech ndi thundu.
Malo ogawa - Europe, Caucasus, nkhalango za Carpathian.
Ndikofunikira! Ndi zophweka kwa munthu wosadziwa zambiri kuti asokoneze miyendo yodyedwa ndi bowa la satana ndi ndulu, zomwe zimakhala zoopsa. Ngati poizoniyo, wogwidwayo ayenera kupititsidwa kuchipatala mwamsanga.
Boletus yofiira (birch)
Anthu ophika bowa omwe amadziŵa bowa amawachenjeza akamaphika kuti achotse mbali ya mwendo kuchokera ku bowa wakale. Malingaliro abwino ndi owiritsa, okazinga, ouma, pickles ndi marinades. 
Chophimba cha boletus kukonza ndi filimu yosalala pamwamba ya bulauni mtundu ndi mitundu ya mithunzi. Pamene ikukula, imatha kufika masentimita 15, mawonekedwe ndi hemispherical. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti pambuyo pa mvula kapena fumbi, pamwamba pake pamakhala chimbudzi.
Lembani mpaka masentimita 15 mu msinkhu, pafupifupi masentimita atatu - wandiweyani. Pamunsi pake imadula. Mtundu uli wofiira ndi makala amtundu wakuda.
Mudzakhala wokondwa kudziŵa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu zamtengo wapatali komanso zothandiza.
Thupi ndi loyera, mwinamwake ndi pinki tinge; mu zitsanzo zakale, ndi spongy ndi madzi.
Spore wobiriwira-bulauni ufa.
Amakula ku Ulaya, Russia, Ukraine m'madera ovuta komanso osakanikirana, amakolola kuyambira kumayambiriro a chilimwe mpaka kumayambiriro kwa November, ku nkhalango za birch. 
Boletus woyera (nkhwangwa boletus)
Zakudya, ngakhale ambiri amadziwa madzi ndi kusowa kwa kukoma kokoma ndi fungo. Komabe, bowa ndi yophika, yokazinga, youma komanso yosungidwa m'nyengo yozizira.
Mtundu wapamwamba wa kapu ndi woyera, kumbuyo kumeneku muli ziboliboli zamtundu wa kirimu, imvi, pinki. Kapu imakula mpaka masentimita 8 mmimba, imvi pamene ikukula. Mu bowa wachinyamata, umakhala wodetsedwa kwambiri, wozungulira, wakale umakhala pansi.
Lembani mpaka mamita 10 cm, makulidwe - osapitirira 1.5 masentimita. Choyera, chophimba, pamene chimakula, chimakhala choyera. 
Thupi ndi loyera ndi bluish tinge, fibrous structure, zofewa.
Dothi la Spore ndi lobiriwira.
Amapanga mycorrhiza ndi mitengo ya birch, mu May amatha kusonkhanitsa m'nkhalango, madera a Russia, Belarus, Ukraine. Nthawi ya fruiting imatha kupitilira mwezi wa October.
Pofuna kupeŵa poizoni komanso ngakhale imfa, phunzirani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito njira zomwe mungathe kuwona bowa kuti zitheke.
Boletus (Brown boletus)
Bowa wokhala ndi zokoma zokoma komanso zonunkhira. Ntchito zambiri pophika:
- yokazinga, yophika, yophika;
- Kuphimba m'nyengo yozizira (kuzizira, mchere);
- zouma kuti zitheke kukonzekera kapena malo okonzekera zokometsera.
Kapuyo imakhala yozungulira kwambiri, ikhoza kukhala yozungulira pakati ndi pamphepete pakhungu. Mtundu wochokera ku-gray-brown mpaka wofiira-bulauni. Mphindi mpaka masentimita 15.Msuzi wopangidwa ndi khunyu umakhala wochepa mpaka kumunsi, kukula kwake kwapakati: kumtunda - mpaka masentimita 3.5, kutalika - mpaka masentimita 16. Mtundu umakhala woyera pansi pa kapu, ndiye - ndi mdima wakuda kapena wofiira, imvi
Mnofu ndi wandiweyani, podulidwa amasintha mtundu ku pinki kapena buluu, utatha kukhala wakuda.
Spore phulusa kapena obiriwira, imapanga symbiosis ndi aspens ndi poplar.
Amakula m'madera onse a ku Ulaya komanso m'madera a CIS m'mapiri ovuta kwambiri, omwe amakonda nthaka kapena miyala yamchere. Zipatso kuyambira July mpaka November, mpaka chisanu choyamba. 
Boletus multicolor (yaying'ono yamakono)
Multicolored obabok sichikondedwa ndi aliyense, ili ndi minofu yambiri yomwe imayenera kuphikidwa nthawi yayitali. Kaŵirikaŵiri zouma, kenako zimaphwanyidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito monga zokometsera, chifukwa cha fungo losangalatsa.
Kapu ya nondescript hemisphere ndi imvi kapena yofiira, yokhala ndi mthunzi wa khungu pa khungu, m'mimba mwake ndi 12 cm.
Lembani mpaka mamita 15 cm wamtali mpaka 3 masentimita wandiweyani, pambali yoyera ya imvi yakuda kapena yofiira.
Mapangidwe a fibrous structure, pa phokoso amakhala mtundu wa buluu. 
Mafuta a spore amajambulidwa mu mithunzi ya bulauni.
Zowonjezereka m'madera akum'mwera, m'nkhalango za birch ndi groves, zimakonda nkhonya zam'madzi. Zisonkhanitsani kuyambira June mpaka m'mawa.
Boletus pinking
Kudya pinki boletin ndi yokazinga ndi masamba, yophika ndi kukolola m'nyengo yozizira.
Chophimbacho ndi chokongola, chowongolera, mu nyengo yamvula imaphimbidwa ndi ntchentche, kuwala kofiirira kapena chikasu chachikasu ndi zofiira zoyera. 
Mutu wamdima wofiira ndi mdima, mamba wofiira, ofupika, owongoka, koma akhoza kugwada kutsogolo kwa kuyatsa.
Mnofu ndi wandiweyani, yunifolomu, pinking pa odulidwa.
Mafuta ofiira a spore ufa, amapanga mycorrhiza ndi mitengo ya birch ndi zitsamba, amapezeka ku Ulaya, Russia, Belarus, Ukraine. Zimakula mofulumira kumpoto: tundra ndi kumapiri. Zipatso kuyambira ku chilimwe mpaka kumapeto kwa autumn.
Zojambula zakuda (zakuda)
Bowa amasonkhanitsidwa mosavuta chifukwa sichionongeka ndi mphutsi, kukoma ndi bowa, fungo ndi lokoma. Zili bwino posankha, marinades komanso kuphatikizapo ndiwo zamasamba zokazinga komanso zowonjezera. 
Mutu umakhala wofiira mpaka masentimita 9, wakuda mpaka wakuda, wokhala wofiira kapena wofiira, wofewa ndi wouma, koma pambuyo pa mvula khungu limaphimbidwa ndi kamasi.
Lembani pafupifupi masentimita 10, lokhala ndi mamba ndi mdima wandiweyani.
Manyowa ndi owopsa, mawonekedwe ofuira, oyera, pamphuno amakhala buluu.
Spores ndi mdima wakuda.
Amamera ku Ulaya ndi Asia, amapezeka m'mabwinja, fruiting nthawi - kuyambira July mpaka September kuphatikizapo. 
Bokosi (Redhead cap) (wofiira)
Kupaka bowa ndizofunika kuphika, zimatha kukhala ndi njira iliyonse yothandizira kutentha, zouma komanso zophika, mazira ndi mchere.
Redheads ikhoza kuonedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa bowa wokongola kwambiri.
Chipewacho chimakhala chozungulira, chikhoza kukhala masentimita 20 m'lifupi mwake, mtundu: mtundu wonse wofiira, koma, malingana ndi wokondedwa wanga wa mycorrhiza, ukhoza kukhala wowala, wofiirira, pafupi ndi lalanje kapena phokoso la bulauni.
Mphuno ya mawonekedwe okhwima ndi ozama pansi, oyera ndi krapovymi mamba, kutalika kufika masentimita 15. 
Mnofu ndi wathanzi ndipo umakhala wovuta. Spore akuwomba nsalu yotentha.
Malo ogawidwa: Europe, Asia, North America, amakula kumpoto, m'mphepete mwa mabomba. Amakonda mitengo yamatabwa, amadzimvera mwaufulu m'mphepete mwa ngalande zamadzi.
Mukudziwa? Pofuna kuchuluka kwa amino acid mu mchere wa bowa kuchokera ku aspen bowa, zakudya zamtunduwu zimagwirizana ndi msuzi wa nyama.
Sungani woyera
Bowa wodyetsedwa, ali ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana pophika.
Bowa lachinyamata limakongoletsa kapu yoyera yamkaka, yomwe imawombera patapita nthawi. Mu zitsanzo zakale, zimakula mpaka masentimita 25. 
Mtundu wokongola kwambiri wokhala ndi mdima wamdima.
Mnofu ndi wandiweyani, wanyama, woyera, wakuda panthawi yopuma.
Spores mtundu wa azitona.
Bowa la White aspen ndilofala ku North America, m'madera a Eurasia. Zisonkhanitseni kuyambira June mpaka kumayambiriro kwa autumn.
Apani chikasu chikasu
Bowa wonyeketsa ndi onunkhira amapita bwino chifukwa chowumitsa m'nyengo yozizira, chifukwa chokonzekera ndi kukonzekera nyengo yozizira. 
Nsalu zabwino za malalanje ndi khungu losalala, lakuda n'zovuta kusokoneza ndi bowa lina. Maonekedwewo ndi osowa, m'mphepete mwa khungu imabisa nyama yamkati. Ukulu - pafupipafupi, 12-15 masentimita, koma ukhoza kukula mpaka masentimita 25.
Mphuno nthawi zambiri imayimitsa, imatsika pansi, imvi-bulauni ndi mtundu. Kutalika kufika masentimita 22, makulidwe - mpaka masentimita 4.
Dzidziwitse nokha ndi oimira mbalame za aspen, ndipo phunzirani momwe mungadziwire zolakwika.
Mankhwalawa ndi fibrous, wandiweyani, pa phokoso lakuda, akhoza kukhala wobiriwira.
Nsonga ndi zobiriwira zobiriwira, zimapanga symbiosis ndi birches.
Amagawanika m'madera otentha, m'madera osakanikirana ndi osakanikirana. 
Zojambula zakuda
Bowa wodyetsedwa, umakololedwa m'nyengo yozizira, wophika mwatsopano.
Chophimbacho ndi chalanje-bulauni, chokongoletsera, m'mphepete mwa khungu lakuzungulira mkati, chimakula mpaka 12 cm.
Tsinde ndi lachangu mu mawonekedwe a silinda mpaka pamwamba masentimita 13, ataphimbidwa ndi ma tubercles wakuda.
Nyama ndi yamtundu, yoyera, podulidwa imakhala yofiirira, kenako - yakuda.
Amamera m'nkhalango za aspen kapena m'mphepete mwa nkhalango pansi pa mitengo yozizira kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe mpaka chisanu choyamba. Amakonda nyengo yozizira. 
Redhead Spruce
Zakudya, monga bowa zonsezi, mungagwiritse ntchito mwatsopano ndi kukolola m'nyengo yozizira.
Ndikofunikira! Pamene kutentha kwa aspen bowa sayenera kuwaphimba ndi chivindikiro, ngati mukufuna kupeza kutumphuka kofiira. Ndi chivindikiro, iwo adzadya mwazi wawo, m'malo modyera.
Zimasiyana ndi mtundu wofiira wamba ndi mtundu wofiirira wa kapu ndi mtundu womwewo wa miyendo. Zing'onozing'ono kwambiri mu kukula - zokwana 10 cm wamtali ndi mamita atatu masentimita.
Amagawidwa ku Ulaya, Russia, imakula pansi pa mitengo yamtengo wapatali, imabereka zipatso kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe mpaka m'mawa. 
Redwood Oakwood
Mowawu ukhoza kudyedwa mwatsopano, komanso kukolola m'nyengo yozizira.
Kufotokozera kwakunja kumabwereza boletus ya malalanje, imasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wowala kwambiri wa kapu ndi mamba ofiira mapazi.
Oak amatchedwa mgwirizano ndi mizu ya oak. Amagawira m'nkhalango za oak kumpoto kwa Ulaya, Russia. Ikhoza kubala chipatso m'chilimwe komanso m'dzinja. 
Redhead Pine
Edible mitundu ya asparasasi wamba, osiyana rasipiberi amakapu makapu ndi bulauni mamba.
Mu zibwenzi mu mycorrhiza amasankha pine ndi bearberry. Habitat: nyengo yozizira ya mayiko a ku Ulaya, Russia. Nthawi ya fruiting ndi kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe mpaka mwezi wa October. 
Pomalizira: ndi zofunika kusonkhanitsa bowa wapakati, waukulu kwambiri. Bowa okalamba nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi thupi lopweteka kapena lomasuka kwambiri lomwe limagwa mofulumira kapena limakonzekera nthawi yayitali.
