Cherry ndi imodzi mwa mitengo yambiri m'minda yathu. Maluwa ake okongola amasangalatsa kwambiri m'chaka, ndipo zipatso zokoma zimakondwera kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Komabe, kukula yamatcheri m'nyengo yozizira si kosavuta. Mwamwayi, obereketsa apanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imalekerera kuzizira kwachisanu. Mitundu imeneyi ikuphatikizapo chitumbuwa chotchedwa "Dessert Morozova". Kuchokera m'nkhaniyi, muphunziranso zochitika za kulima kwake komanso zofunikira za mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Kuswana
Mitundu ya chitumbuwa "Dedert Morozova" ndi wosakanizidwa, chifukwa mu 1997 idalowa mu State Register of the Russian Federation. M'chaka chomwecho adaloledwa kukhala m'dera la Central Black Sea.
Mtundu umenewu unapangidwa ndi wofalitsa T. V. Morozova ku bungwe la Russian-Research Institute for Horticulture. Michurin. Malingana ndi chidziwitso cha bungwe la All-Union Scientific Research Institute, mu mbeu yoberekera ya Vladimirskaya mitundu yosiyanasiyana idagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe inkachitidwa pa kumera kwake ndi aziridine, mankhwala a mutagen.
Mu Register Register ya Russian Federation, "Dessert Morozova" amatchedwa mbadwa ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana "Grey Ostheims" No. 2. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imayenera kukhala ndi dzina lakuti breed Morozova. Anatha kuphatikiza kukoma ndi kukana kwa chikhalidwe mpaka kuzizizira, makamaka ku Russian frosts m'deralo. 
Dziwitseni nokha ndi makhalidwe ndi ulimi wamakono wa kulima mitundu yamatcheri monga "Msonkhano", "Turgenevka", "Putinka", "Shpanka", "Vladimirskaya", "Zhukovsky", "Precious Carmine", "Winter Mbalame", "Ashinskaya", " Mayak, Kharitonovskaya, Mayak, Morozovka.
Kufotokozera ndi makhalidwe
Wosakanizidwa uyu adagonjetsedwa ndi omvera ambiri chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwake, kukoma kwakukulu komanso kusasitsa koyambirira. Tiyeni tiwone bwinobwino makhalidwe ake akuluakulu.
Wood
Cherry "Dessert Morozova" - mtengo wochepa (pafupifupi mamita 3), wokhala ndi korona wolimba. Mphepete pamunsi mwa thunthu ndi mfundo zazikuluzikulu zili ndi mtundu wobiriwira, pa nthambi zazing'ono zimakhala zobiriwira. Mphukira zazikulu zili ndi lentic. 
Mphukira zazing'ono zimangobereka, pokhudzana ndi izi, kudulira mitengo kumaperekedwa mosamala. M'katikati mwa masika, masamba okhwimitsa ovoid buds amawoneka pa nthambi, zomwe zimachoka kwambiri ku tsinde.
Iwo ali ndi mpumulo wofewa ndi matte pamwamba ndi mtundu wobiriwira. Maluwa a hybrid awa alibe pubescence, monga zomera zina. Masambawa amakhala aakulu, ofanana ndi mazira. Pamwamba pake ndi yosalala, phesi limakhala ndi kutalika ndi makulidwe.
Pansi pa tsamba ndi pamasamba pali 1-2 mitsempha ya mtundu wofiira. Ziphalaphala za "Dedert Morozova" chitumbuwa ndizochepa ndipo zimagwa mofulumira. Masamba amafalikira pamwamba pa korona wofanana, koma si zochuluka. Masamba a mtundu uwu ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira.
Mtengowo utayamba kuphuka, umaphimbidwa ndi maluwa ambiri akulu oyera omwe amachititsa kuti fungo labwino kwambiri likhale lokoma. Iwo amasonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescences ndipo ali ndi mapaundi a mawonekedwe ozungulira, ndipo amawombera pang'ono pamwamba pa stamens. Maluwa amaoneka mofulumira kwambiri, monga zosiyana ndi zoyambirira maluwa. 
Zipatso
Pambuyo maluwa, mabulosi amapangidwa pa pedicel. Zipatso za "Dessert Morozova" zimakhala zazikulu komanso zamadzimadzi, zofiira. Ngati tiyang'ana chitumbuwa mu kuwala, mungathe kuona madontho aang'ono ochepa. Nyama ndi yowutsa mudyo kwambiri, yofiira komanso yofiira. Mwala wodzaza, kukula kwake.
Mukudziwa? Cherry ndi gwero lolemera la coumarin (chinthu chomwe chimakhudza kupanga mapangidwe a magazi ndipo chimapangitsa magazi kuzimitsa). Pa chifukwa chimenechi, mabulosiwa amathandiza anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la magazi kapena matenda osiyanasiyana a mtima ndi mitsempha ya magazi.
Kulemera kwake kwa mabulosi ndi 4.6-5 g. Ndili ndi chiwerengero chachisoni pafupi ndi tsinde ndi mimba yosaoneka yooneka bwino ya m'mimba. Tsinde ndi la makulidwe a sing'anga, ndi mawonekedwe olekanitsa omwe amalekanitsa pamphepete mwa icho ndi chipatso. 
Zipatso za "Morozova Dessert" zimakhala ndi kukoma kokoma kwambiri komwe kumawoneka ngati kukoma kwa chitumbuwa chokoma. Zili ndi shuga oposa 12%, ndipo kulawa kwa wosakanizidwa kuti mulawe kunali 4.6 mwa magawo asanu.
Zina mwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana
"Morozova mchere" si wosiyana kwambiri ndi mitundu ina, koma kulima kwake kuli ndichindunji.
Zima zowirira ndi kukaniza matenda
Mtundu uwu ndi wa zikhalidwe zosagwedezeka. Iye amalekerera mwakachetechete dontho la kutentha kwa -40 ° C, zomwe zimamuthandiza kukula m'katikati mwa dziko lathu. Komabe, sikulekerera nyengo youma.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mudzidziwe nokha njira zothetsera matenda ndi tizirombo ta yamatcheri.
Mitundu imeneyi imakhala yosiyana ndi matenda. Malingana ndi a All-Russian Research Institute of Horticulture, pofufuza kukhazikika kwa haibridi kwa coccomycosis, iye anasonyeza pafupifupi msinkhu wa chitetezo. 
Pofuna kupewa matendawa, njira yothetsera mchere wothira phulusa, phulusa ndi msuzi muyeso 6: 1: 1 imatha kusungunuka mumadzimita 10), yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, kupopera mankhwala a ayodini (10 ml pa kablo imodzi ya madzi), mankhwala Njira ya manganese (5 g manganese ku 1 chidebe cha madzi).
Kupopera mankhwala ndi ayodini ndi manganese kumachitika katatu. Pachifukwachi, mankhwala a ayodini amagwiritsidwa ntchito musanayambe kuphulika ndi masiku atatu, ndipo manganese - isanayambe maluwa, ikatha komanso ikapsa.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mtengo uwu musamachite kudulira panthawi yake, masamba ake agwa ndipo nthambi zimasamba.
Zimbudzi
Zotsambazi zili ndi malo odzipiritsa okha, koma panthawi yomweyi, zokolola za mtengo sizoposa 20% mwa mavoesiti onse. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake njira yabwino kwambiri yoyendetsera mungu ndi gulu lodzala mitengo. 
Yabwino mitundu imeneyi yamatcheri "Wophunzira", "Vladimirskaya", "Griot Rossoshansky" kapena "Griot Ostgeymsky".
Nthawi yotulutsa ndi zokolola
M'chaka chachitatu kapena chachinai cha moyo, mtengowo umabala zipatso. Zipatso zimayamba kucha m'ma 20 June. Cherries amabereka zipatso chaka chilichonse, pamene 35-40-40 makilogalamu a zipatso akhoza kukolola ku mtengo umodzi. Akakulira m'makampani ndi 1 hekitala, n'zotheka kusonkhanitsa pafupifupi 60 omwe amakhala nawo.
Transportability
Zosiyanasiyanazi zikufala chifukwa cha kuyenda bwino. Ndichifukwa chake wosakanizidwa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kugulitsidwa m'madera osiyanasiyana a dziko, ngakhale kutali kwambiri. 
Malangizo
Chifukwa cha maonekedwe abwino kwambiri, mchere wosiyanasiyana Marita adakondana ndi ophimba komanso dzino lokha. Kaŵirikaŵiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga jams ndi kusunga. Ndipo ana aang'ono okondwa kwambiri amadya zipatso zokoma ndi zowutsa mudyo kwa masaya onse, popeza chitumbuwachi chili ndi acidity yochepa.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge momwe mungapangire mowa, compote, tincture, chitumbuwa cha chitumbuwa, komanso momwe mungayume ndi kufungira yamatcheri.
Mavuto akukula
Kuti kulima bwino, yamatcheri amayenera kukhala pamalo abwino. Choncho, malo otetezedwa ndi dzuŵa amatetezedwa ku mphepo ndi kulembedwa bwino ndibwino kuti ifike. Chofunika - pafupi ndi kumwera kwa nyumba iliyonse.
Posankha malo olima, m'pofunika kukumbukira kuti kuya kwa madzi pansi sikuyenera kukhala osachepera 1.5 mamita. Apo ayi, mizu imawonongeka ndipo zomera zimayamba kufa. 
Cherry "Dessert Morozova" amasankha nthaka yopanda ndale, yomwe ili ndi subglinka (osakaniza dongo ndi mchenga), mchenga kapena mchenga wa mchenga.
Malamulo obwera
Ponena za nthawi yoyamba ya mtundu uwu, pali malingaliro awiri. Ena wamaluwa amakhulupirira kuti chitumbuwa chikhoza kubzalidwa kugwa. Pankhaniyi, kumapeto kwa mbeuyo, mizu yayamba kale ndipo idzakula bwino. Zina - kuti ndi bwino kudzala chitumbuwa pamalo otseguka pambuyo pa chisanu.
Zingakhale zothandiza kuti muwerenge za momwe mungabwerere chitumbuwa mu kugwa.
Izi zidzateteza chomera ku zotsatira za zosayembekezereka zakasupe zam'mvula, zomwe zingawononge mtengowo, wosalimba.
Iyenera kuganiziridwa ndi mtundu wa mbeu yomwe mungakhale nayo. Mtengo wawung'ono uli ndi mizu yopanda chitetezo bwino bwino mutabzala m'chaka, koma kwa mbande zazitsulo, kubzala nthawi sikulibe kanthu. 
Ndikofunikira! Ndi bwino kusankha sapling ndi zaka kuyambira zaka chimodzi mpaka ziwiri. Pachifukwa ichi, mwayi wa engraftment wabwino ukuwonjezeka.
Mukadzala, m'pofunika kudziwa malo a 3x3, pomwe mtengo udzakula pakati. Pachifukwa ichi, sizingagwirizane ndi mitengo yoyandikana nayo pakukula, ndipo mizu idzatha kukhazikitsa momasuka.
Phando likufukula pakati pa gawoli, lomwe liyenera kukhala la masentimita 40-60 ndi masentimita 50 mpaka 60. Amaluwa ena amalimbikitsa kukumba dzenje lalikulu la masentimita 80, koma kukula kwake kulibechabechabe, chifukwa mizu ya mbeuyo siinapangidwe.
Nthaka, yomwe imachotsedwa mu ntchito yokonzekera, imasakanizidwa ndi mchere wamchere ndi humus. Mwa njira iyi, mbeu yaying'ono idzadyetsedwa ndi mizu yabwino. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza molunjika pansi pa fossa, mwachitsanzo, 2 tbsp. makapu a superphosphate. 
Komabe, pakadali pano, musanayambe mmera, m'pofunika kutsanulira khola la nthaka pa feteleza kuti mizu isatenthedwe. Kuti muzuke mizu bwino, mizu ikhoza kuthiridwa mu madzi otentha, izo zidzakulitsa kukula.
Kuyika mmera mu dzenje, muyenera kuwongolera mizu ndi kuphimba iwo ndi dziko lapansi. Pambuyo poyendetsa bwino nthaka, nkhono imayendetsedwa pafupi ndi mbeu zazing'ono pamtunda wautali, zomwe zidzasungidwa ndi mbeu yosakhazikika ndipo sizidzasokoneza kukula.
Pezani chifukwa chake mukusowa dothi la mulching.
Pakati pa yamatcheri amapanga dzenje la madzi, lomwe limatsanuliridwa mu ndowa zingapo za madzi, ndi mvula yonyowa bwino mulch. Mtengo wa mulch udzasunga chinyezi ndi kuteteza mizu kuti iume. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kotetezera kotereku ndikofunikira kwambiri m'madera omwe ali ndi nyengo youma komanso kusowa mwayi wothirira madzi sapling nthawi zonse.
Video: chodzala yamatcheri
Ndikofunikira! Odziŵa Wamaluwa amalangiza kuti apulumutsidwe bwino yamatcheri "Dessert Morozova" Tengani 80% ya masamba pa chaka choyamba mutabzala.
Momwe mungasamalire
Cherry "Dera Morozova" safuna chisamaliro chapadera. Kusamalira iye komanso mitundu ina.
Kuthirira
Kuthira madzi nthawi zonse kumafunika nthawi yozizira komanso nthawi ya budding, yomwe imachitika kasanu pamwezi, ndipo nthawi zambiri ngati kuli kotheka (malingana ndi nyengo).
Mtengo ukayamba kuphulika, kuthirira kuchepa, ndipo pakukolola zipatso, nthaka imayambitsidwa ngati imauma. Madzi amchere amatha kuwonjezeka mu zipatso, ndipo amakhala amchere ambiri, ndipo chifukwa chake zimatha kuchepa. 
Kuthira kumayenera kuchitika m'mawa ndi / kapena madzulo, kutsanulira chidebe chimodzi cha madzi pamtengo - ndiye madziwo adzasanduka pang'ono.
Kupaka pamwamba
Mutabzala, organic feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito osati kale kuposa zaka 2-3, koma mchere feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku okolostvolnoy zone iliyonse kugwa. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni feteleza kumayambiriro kwa masika, pamene amachititsa kukula kwa yamatcheri.
Potash imagwiritsidwa ntchito musanayambe maluwa, koma pafupi kugwa ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza feteleza. Makamaka ayenera kulipira kudyetsa mitengo ndi potaziyamu, monga momwe kusowa kwa zomera kumasiya kubereka zipatso.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nthaka yolemera siidyetsa kudyetsa kawirikawiri, koma osauka akulimbikitsidwa kuti akhale amuna chaka chilichonse.
Video: Momwe mungaperekere mitengo ya zipatso komanso momwe mungapangidwire
Ndikofunikira! Kamodzi pa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, Morozova Dessert chitumbuwa amafunika kudyetsedwa ndi mandimu, yomwe imayambira muzu, mu 200-400 g.
Kusamalira dothi
Dziko lozungulira thunthu liyenera kumasulidwa nthawi zonse. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti nthaka ikhale yowonjezereka, ndipo chinyezi chidzafika mofulumira mpaka ku mizu. Nthaŵi ndi nthawi, dera la phesi liyenera kukhala udzu, kuchotsa mphukira ndi namsongole.
Kudulira
Ndikofunika kumvetsera mwatcheru kudulira bwino, chifukwa kungakhudze zokolola za mtengo. Cherry "Desert Morozova" imadulidwa nthawi yoyamba mutabzala, yomwe imakupatsani inu korona, ndi mtsogolo - masika onse isanayambe.
Tikukulangizani kuti mudzidziwe nokha malamulo a kudula yamatcheri m'chaka ndi m'dzinja.
Ndikofunika kudula nthambi pamunsi kuti mpweya usapangidwe. Kuwombera kumene kumayendetsedwa kumtunda kapena kufalikira pambaliyi kumayenera kudula. Kuperewera kwa korona nthawi zonse kumateteza mtengo ku matendawa.
Mphukira yazing'ono imadulidwanso, imangokhala yosalala komanso yathanzi. Komabe, munthu sayenera kuchita nawo njirayi, chifukwa kudulira mopitirira muyeso kumatenga mphamvu zambiri kuchokera ku chomera ndikulepheretsa chitukuko chake. Cherry, yomwe yafikira zaka zitatu, ikukula pang'ono, ikudulira mphukira zake zapamwamba.
Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira
Chifukwa cha kutentha kwa chisanu, "Dessert Morozova" chitumbuwa sichifuna malo ogona. Komabe, mtengo sungatetezedwe ku makoswe, choncho thunthu la chitumbuwa ndilokulumikizidwa ndipo fence ya waya imayikidwa.
Anakumana ndi wamaluwa m'nyengo yozizira nthawi kuponya drifts pansi pa korona wa mtengo - izi amachepetsa zotsatira za kasupe frosts pa mizu.
Video: momwe mungakonzekerere mitengo ya zipatso nthawi yozizira
Mphamvu ndi zofooka
Zowonjezera chifukwa cha mtundu uwu womwe unayambira pakati pa wamaluwa:
- chisanu hardiness;
- kusamba msanga;
- kukoma;
- zokolola zazikulu;
- nthawi zonse fruiting;
- kulimbana bwino ndi matenda ndi tizirombo;
- mitengo yamtundu wa transportability.
Mukudziwa? Japanese Sakura wotchuka kwambiri padziko lonse ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chitumbuwa, yomwe imafunika kukongola kwake kokha.
Kuipa kwa zosiyanasiyana "Dothi Morozova":
- Ngati palibe kudulira bwino, masamba akugwa;
- Kukaniza coccomycosis ali ndi magawo ambiri.
Mukudziwa? Cherry tinctures ndi liqueurs samadabwa aliyense. Komabe, m'deralo, anthu ochepa chabe amadziwa kuti ku Belgium ndi wotchuka kwambiri ... mowa wamatcheri. Pakuti zipatso zake zamatcheri zakupsa zimakhala nthawi yayitali mu lambic, mowa wambiri wa balere ndi tirigu."Dessert Morozova" ndi zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimaphatikiza kukoma kokoma, zipatso zabwino komanso kuzizira. Zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pakukula pa chiwembu, ndi kwa mafakitale, kuphatikizapo, zimakhala zosasamala mu chisamaliro. Mtundu uwu wa chitumbuwa sudzakhala zokongoletsera zokha za munda wanu, komanso woyenera woyenera pa tebulo lililonse.
