Kodi kubzala ndi kukula anyezi "Corrado"

Pakati pa munda wa munda kumalo otseguka poyamba amapeza anyezi. Chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwake, izo zingabzalidwe pa kutentha kwa 10-12 ° C. okha. Mitundu yokolola msanga ndi hybrids zimasinthidwa bwino kuti zikhale choncho. Mwa iwo, odziwika bwino zosiyanasiyana anyezi "Corrado". Zokhudza zake, teknoloji, kutsetsereka, ndipo tidzakambirana m'nkhani yathu.

Zamkatimu:

• Zizindikiro za anyezi ndi zokolola
• Kusankhidwa kwa kubzala zakuthupi
• Mavuto akukula
• Nthaka ndi feteleza
• Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu kwa mbande kunyumba
• Kukonzekera Mbewu
• Zokhudzana ndi malo
• Njira yobzala mbewu
• Kusamalira mmera
• Kuwaza mbande pansi
• Kulima kuchokera ku sevka kutseguka
• Kusankha kwa malo ndi kukonzekera kwa nthaka
• Kukonzekera Mbewu
• Njira yobzala sevka pansi
• Kuthirira
• Nthaka imamasula ndi kupalira
• Kupaka pamwamba
• Tizilombo, matenda ndi kupewa
• Kukolola ndi kusungirako
• Mavuto ndi malingaliro

Malingaliro osiyanasiyana

Bulbu "Corrado" - mawonekedwe ophatikizana, opangidwa ndi nsalu yowirira, iwiri, golide-golide kapena golide. Peel kwambiri imapanga mkati mamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anyezi azikhala bwino komanso zimapereka mauthenga. Masambawo ali ndi dzenje, okhala ndi mzere awiri (iliyonse ikukula kuchokera kumtunda wakale), kufika kutalika kwa masentimita 30. Iwo amajambula mu mtundu wobiriwira. Anyezi omwe anabzala mbewu amapanga mtsinje wokhotakhota (mpaka 1.5 cm), ndipo pamapeto pake pali inflorescence. Kumapeto kwa nyengo ya maluwa, mbewu zakuda zamtundu wakuda zimakwera mumabokosi.

Ubwino pa mitundu ina:

• chokolola chachikulu;
• khalidwe la kusunga bwino;
• kukana ndi bolting;
• mizu yamphamvu;
• kukana matenda ndi tizirombo;
• kukula (96-100%);
• mankhusu awiri.

Kuipa:

• Silingalekerere kutentha kwapansi, choncho ndi bwino kukula m'madera akumwera ndi apakati.

Mukudziwa? Chotsatira F1 mu dzina la zosiyanasiyana "Corrado F1" akuti izi zosiyanasiyana ndi harotic hybrid ya m'badwo woyamba, analandira chifukwa cha kusagwirizana kosagwirizana. Nthangaziyi yawonjezera mphamvu, zokolola, kukula, kukana matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.

Zizindikiro za anyezi ndi zokolola

Zosiyanasiyana ndi sing'anga zoyambirira. Malinga ndi buku lina, kukolola kumatha masiku 93-97 pambuyo pa kumera. Zina zimanena kuti ziyenera kutenga masiku 100-105. Mwinamwake chisokonezo ichi mwazinthu chimachokera ku malo a nyengo komwe chikhalidwe chikukula. M'malo otentha, amakula mofulumira kuposa ozizira. "Corrado" imakhala ndi zokolola zambiri: kuchokera pa 1 lalikulu. M akhoza kusonkhanitsa pafupifupi 8 makilogalamu anyezi. Ndipo ngati nyengo yozizira imatulutsidwa, kuchokera pa 1 acre mbewu imadza kufika 350 makilogalamu.

Zizindikiro mababu:

• kulemera kwake: 110-130 g;
• mawonekedwe: ozungulira;
• kulawa: kumapeto kwapakati.

Kusankhidwa kwa kubzala zakuthupi

Kawirikawiri anyezi amakula kuchokera ku sevka. Ikhoza kukhala yokonzeka nokha kapena yogula ku sitolo. Ngati munasankha kalasi ya Corrado nthawi yoyamba, muyenera kulingalira zina mwa maonekedwe a seti. Pali mitundu yambiri ya mbeu, zosiyana ndi kukula.

Kukula mowa wotchedwa slizun, shallot, batun, chives, ndi zonunkhira komanso zamitundu yambiri.

Kukula kwake kuli koyenera nthawi yeniyeni:

• chochepetsetsa (8-14 mm) - chabwino chodzala nyengo yozizira;
• (masentimita 14-21) - yoyenera nyengo yozizira ndi kubzala;
• lalikulu (21-24 mm) - yoyenera kutuluka podzimny ndi nthenga, ndipo panthawi yofesa kasupe idzapereka zokolola zabwino ngati nthawi yoyendetsa bwino ikuwonetsedwa bwino;
• lalikulu (24-30 mm) - kumalo, monga momwe zinalili kale, koma sevke ili yotsika mtengo;
• zowonjezera (30-40 mm) - anyezi amasankha masamba.

Ndikoyenera kuti tisagule sitima pamsewu, makamaka kuzizizira, monga kuzizira, ndipo izi ziphwanya kukula kwake. Posankha kubzala zinthu, yesani maonekedwe ake. Mababu ayenera kukhala omasuka ku zolakwa zilizonse, wandiweyani, zouma. Ngati mankhwalawa ali m'kati mwake, ndiye chizindikirocho chiyenera kukhala ndi tsiku lomaliza.

Ndikofunikira! Sevok iyenera kusungidwa pamalo ozizira mpweya (10-15 ° C) ndi chinyezi cha 70-75%. Musalole kuthamanga kwa kutentha, mwinamwake mbewu idzawombera mivi.

Kusankha mbewu kumakhala kosavuta kusiyana ndi kubzala. Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kutsogoleredwa ndi lamulo: "kutsimikiziridwa" amatanthauza chikhalidwe. Ngati mumagula mbewu nthawi yoyamba, perekani okonda odziwika bwino. Ndi bwino kugula m'masitolo apadera, osati m'misika. Kwa mbewu zosankhidwa, onaninso tsiku lotsirizira lomwe likuwonetsedwa pa lemba. Mukamabwera kunyumba, onetsetsani kuti muyang'ane mbewu kumera. Kuti muchite izi, tengani nyemba khumi ndi ziwiri kuchokera pa phukusi ndikuyika mu galasi kapena chidebe cha mbeu 50-100 ml, chophimbidwa ndi fyuluta kapena pepala. Pamwamba ndi madzi pang'ono, kuti mbewuzo zilowerere pang'ono. Ukhondo woyera mu kutentha kwa masiku 7-10. Kenaka muwerenge chiwerengero cha mbewu zowonongeka. Kumera ayenera kukhala osachepera 50%.

Mavuto akukula

Pansi pa bedi la anyezi mu chiwembu, sankhani malo paphiri laling'ono, lowala bwino ndi dzuwa ndi kutetezedwa ndi mphepo yamkuntho. Ndondomeko ya chikhalidwe sichimakonda kujambula. Anthu akummwera ndi anthu okhala kumalo ozizira angathe kudzala mitundu ya Corrado m'nyengo yozizira mu October-November, pamene kutentha kwa nthaka kufika pa 5 ° C. Nyengo ya chilimwe yomwe imakhala yozizira imayenera kuyembekezera kasupe, pamene kutentha kumapangitsa kuti chisamaliro cha 10-12 ° C chilephereke. The mulingo woyenera kutentha zizindikiro kwa kucha anyezi - 18-20 ° C. Pa kutentha kwapamwamba ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi, kukoma kumachepa, ndipo pa kutentha, kukula kumachepetsanso.

Phunzirani momwe mungamere anyezi, kodi rokambol, Indian ndi mazira anyezi.

Nthaka ndi feteleza

"Corrado" imakhazikika mwamphamvu pa nthaka iliyonse. Koma ngati mukufuna kupeza zokolola zabwino, pitani mbewu yothira, yothira, yokhala ndi thanzi loamy. Acidity sayenera kulowerera ndale. Ngati pangakhale kusowa kwa nthaka, ndiye kuti izi ziyenera kuchitika zaka 2-3 musanafese anyezi ndi chithandizo cha mandimu. Humus imayenera kupangidwiratu (1.5-2 zaka). Okonzeka oyambirira - oyambirira kabichi, zukini, nkhaka, tomato, oyambirira mbatata. Anyezi anyezi amatha kubzala kokha pambuyo pa zaka 3-4. Mnansi woyenera - kaloti. Mitundu iyi imatetezerana mwachangu kwa tizirombo. Osati amalimbikitsa kubzala anyezi pambuyo pa nyemba (nandolo, nyemba).

Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu kwa mbande kunyumba

Kukula mbande za mbeu za m'munda kumalo athu amodzi zimapangitsa kuti tipeze nthawi yokolola, komanso kuti tipeze mbewu zowonjezereka. Mitengo ya anyezi "Corrado" - palibe.

Kukonzekera Mbewu

Ngati mutayang'ana mbewu za kumera, ndiye kukonzekera kwawo kuyenera kuyamba masiku angapo musanafese. Ngati mbeu siidapereke mayeso, ndiye kuti mukufunikira masabata ena awiri, ndipo mukuyenera kubwezeretsa mbeu (kuyesa kumera kumatchulidwa pamwambapa). Zinthu zakuthupi ziyenera kuyaka. Kuti muchite izi, mu chidebe chaching'ono, yesani madzi pa kutentha kwa 50 ° C. Imani mbeu mmenemo kwa mphindi makumi awiri, kenako muzitsitsimutsa zokolola pansi pamadzi kwa mphindi 2-3. Komanso, ngati wopanga sanasonyeze kuti mbewuyo imatetezedwa ku disinfected, njirayi iyenera kuchitidwa mosiyana. Lembani mbewuzo kwa maola 24 mu njira yochepa ya potaziyamu permanganate. Pambuyo pake mukhoza kutsekemera mu accelerator kukula, monga "Ecopin", pafupifupi maola atatu. Manga mbeu inoculated mu nsalu yonyowa ndi kutentha. Tsiku lililonse mbeu ziyenera kufufuzidwa kuti zikhalepo. Pamene mbeu ya 3-5% imawonekera, imatha kubzala m'nthaka.

Zidzakhala zosangalatsa kudziwa - momwe mungamere anyezi kuchokera ku mbewu.

Zokhudzana ndi malo

Kufesa kungakhoze kuchitidwa kaya mu makapu kapena mabokosi opangidwa kuti apange mbande. Kuzama kwake sikuyenera kupitirira 6-9 masentimita Ayenera kukhala ndi mabowo pansi. Monga dothi, mungagwiritse ntchito gawo logulitsidwa kwa mbewu za masamba kapena kukonzekera kusakaniza nokha. Kuti muchite izi, tengani pepala ndi malo a sod, humus, mchenga wa mtsinje mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1: 1.5: 0.5.

Chidebe chomwe chimakhala ndi mbande zam'tsogolo chimadzazidwa ndi filimu ndikuyikidwa pamalo otentha. Pamene mphukira imawonekera, mbande zimasunthira kumalo owala ndipo filimuyo imachotsedwa. Kutentha kwa firiji kumayenera kusungidwa pa 15-16 ° C.

Njira yobzala mbewu

Kumalo otseguka, mbande nthawi zambiri zimabzala pamene chisanu chimatha (pafupifupi April-May). Panthawiyi, mphukira ziyenera kukhala masiku 50-60. Kuchokera pa izi ndikofunika kumanga pa nthawi yofesa. Mbeu yokonzekera imabzalidwa mabokosi ndi maswiti. Mbewu iliyonse yamera imayikidwa mosamalitsa muzitsamba zing'onozing'ono (nthaka) pamtunda wa mtunda wa masentimita 1.5 kuchokera wina ndi mnzake. Pamwamba wothira nthaka, yokutidwa ndi zojambulajambula komanso malo oyera. Kufikira mbande zikuwoneka, kutentha mu chipinda chiyenera kukhala 18-25 ° C. Atatsikitsidwa mpaka 14-16 ° С, filimuyi imachotsedwa ndipo mabokosiwo amasamukira ku malo a dzuwa. Izi ndizofunikira kuti mbeu zisatambasule.

Kusamalira mmera

Kuti mbande ikhale bwino, imayenera kuthiriridwa nthawi zonse ndi madzi okonzeka kutentha. Kuthirira kumayenera kuchitika mukamayanika dothi la pamwamba.

Ndikofunikira! Yesetsani kupewa kuyanika kapena, mosiyana, nthaka imamatira.

Amafunikira achinyamata anyezi ndi kudyetsa. Iyenera kuchitidwa musanadzalemo mbande pansi. Kudyetsa kuyenera kukhala 2, ndi nthawi ya masiku 14. Monga feteleza, gwiritsani ntchito yankho la 20 g la superphosphate, 5 g wa potaziyamu chloride, 10 g wa urea, woyeretsedwa mu 10 malita a madzi. Mungagwiritse ntchito chakudya chophweka kwambiri: nkhuku zinyalala, kuchepetsedwa m'madzi muyeso ya 1 mpaka 10.

Kuwaza mbande pansi

Ife tawona kale kuti kubzala mbande pamalo otseguka kumachitika kumapeto kwa chisanu. Panthawiyi, mnyamata anyezi ayenera kupanga 3-4 woona masamba. Masabata 2 milungu isanayambe kuti tsiku lodzala mbewu liyenera kuumitsidwa. Kwa izi, mbande zimaperekedwa pa khonde kapena pamsewu. Njira yoyamba iyenera kusapitirira mphindi 10-15. Tsiku lirilonse lotsatira, nthawi yake iyenera kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono.

Werengani komanso momwe mungapangire manyowa anyezi.

Kufika kumakhala madzulo. Nthaka ndi mbande imayambitsidwa ndipo mbeu iliyonse imachotsedwa mosamala. Ngati mizu yake yayitali kwambiri, iyenera kufupikitsidwa ndi yachitatu. Grooves ayenera kupangidwa patali wa masentimita 30 kuchokera limodzi. Mwa iwo ndi nthawi ya masentimita asanu anabzala mbande. Iyo imayikidwa masentimita 1 mu nthaka. Chilichonse chimamwa madzi ambiri ndipo chimagwidwa ndi peat.

Kulima kuchokera ku sevka kutseguka

Njira imeneyi yobzala chikhalidwe ndi yodziwika bwino kwa ife. Koma iye ali ndi zenizeni zake zokha.

Kusankha kwa malo ndi kukonzekera kwa nthaka

Monga tanenera poyamba, anyezi "Corrado" amakonda thanzi labwino, lotayirira, loamy nthaka ndipo amakonda kukula pamwamba pa phiri, pamalo otetezedwa ndi mphepo. Kawirikawiri sevka anabzala yotseguka pansi. Malo osungiramo zomera amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati n'kofunika kupeza masamba nthawi yonse yamasika ndi yophukira. Ngati chokonzekera chadzinja chikonzekera, ndiye kuti nthaka iyenera kukhala yodzala ndi masamba, peat ndi humus, kupanga mpweya wa masentimita 8-10. Izi zidzateteza nthaka kuti ikhale yozizira kwambiri. Masabata 2 milungu isanayambe kutentha kwa nyengo, mulch amachotsedwa ndikufesedwa obzalidwa m'nthaka. Pamwamba pa nthaka kachiwiri amafunika kuti mulch. Pamene kumera kwa kasupe, mulch yomwe imapezeka m'dzinja imapangidwa, nthaka imasulidwa ndi maluwa ndi grooves amapangidwa. Amaika anyezi ndi kuphimba ndi zinthu zamtengo wapatali.

Kukonzekera Mbewu

Pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi isanayambe kulongedweratu kwa mbeu, kubzala zakuthupi kumafunika kukonzedwa. Amakonzedwa ndi kukula, kuwonongeka koyera, zouma, anyezi ovulala. Zomalizidwazo zikuyendera njira yowuma mu chipinda chowuma chokha popanda ma drafts. Zouma zouma zimayenera kuwatentha, kotero kuti sanalole kuti mivi ifike patsogolo. Mukhoza kutentha pansi pa batri kapena dzuwa.

Ndikofunikira! Zowonongeka ndi kupukuta khosi la mababu sikofunika.

Masabata awiri oyambirira ayenera kusungira kutentha kwa 20 ° C kuti ziwotche. Pambuyo pake, kwa maola 8-10, perekani zikhazikiko ndi kutentha kwa 40 ° C. Nkofunika kuti musayambe kudula mbewu. Musanabzala, muyeneranso kusiritsa mankhwalawa. Anyezi amathiridwa mu njira ya mkuwa sulphate (30 g pa 10 l madzi) kwa maola awiri. Ndiye anyezi amatsukidwa ndi madzi.

Njira yobzala sevka pansi

Mbeu imabzalidwa pamabedi omwe amapanga patsogolo pake. Kutalika kwa mzere ukuyenera kukhala kukula kwa malo. Ngati babuyi ndi awirimentimita, ndiye kuti kukula kwake kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 4. Malo a grooves ayenera kupangidwa kutalika kwa 20-30 masentimita imodzi kuchokera pa imodzi. Babu amalembedwa 3-5 masentimita m'nthaka. Pakhale makilogalamu 5-10 pakati pa unyolo.

Kuthirira

Yoyamba zambiri kuthirira ayenera kuchitika mwamsanga mutabzala chikhalidwe. Komanso, pafupifupi mkati mwa miyezi iwiri, nkofunika kusuntha mbeu 1-2 pa sabata. Kuthirira bwino ndi madzi osungunuka kutentha kutentha. Ngati nyengo youma ifika, nthawi yambiri kuthirira ayenera kuwonjezeka. Sinthani nthawi yanu, malinga ndi momwe nthaka ilili. Pakati penipeni pa nthawi ya ulimi, kumwa madzi mobwerezabwereza kumachepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono. Masabata 2-3 asanakolole, kuthirira kwaimitsidwa.

Nthaka imamasula ndi kupalira

Kutsegula nthaka kumachitidwa pamene kuchotsa namsongole. Ndipo namsongole ayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi zonse (kamodzi pa sabata), mwinamwake iwo adzasokoneza chitukuko choyenera cha chikhalidwe. Sikofunika kudula anyezi pamene mutsegula nthaka. Ndondomekozi ziyenera kuchitika madzulo kapena nthawi ya m'mawa (kusanayambe kutentha) m'nyengo yozizira.

Kupaka pamwamba

Pokonzekera bwino nthaka, feteleza sizingakhale zofunikira. Koma ngati muwona kuphwanya pa chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe, maonekedwe a chikasu pa masamba, ndiye kuti mukufunika kusakaniza kusakaniza pansi. Njira yosavuta yokonzekera chisakanizo cha ammonium nitrate (10 g) ndi potaziyamu mchere (15 g) ndi kupasuka mu ndowa 1 ya madzi. Izi zikwanira kudyetsa khungu imodzi. mabedi mamita. Mukhozanso kupanga phulusa.

Tizilombo, matenda ndi kupewa

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagonjetsedwa ndi tizirombo ndi matenda. Choncho, ngati malamulo onse a kulima akuwonetsedwa, chikhalidwe chidzakhala bwino.

Kukolola ndi kusungirako

Nthawi yosamba ya anyezi "Corrado" ndi masiku 93-105. Pambuyo pa nthawiyi, kuwerengedwa kuchokera ku mphukira, mukhoza kukolola. Kucha kucha anyezi:

• kutha kwa kukula kwa masamba;
• kutaya masamba kumbali ndi kumwalira kwake (chikasu);
• Kupatulira ndi kuchepetsa misozi ya anyezi.

Kololani ndi dzanja mu nyengo youma. Bulu lirilonse limachotsedweratu kuchoka pamtunda pamwamba pake, gwedezani pansi ndikuchoka pa malo. Zokolola ziyenera kuuma pang'ono. Zidzatenga masiku ochepa. Ngati mvula ikuyembekezeredwa, mbewuyo ikulimbikitsidwa kusunthira kuyanika m'chipinda chapamwamba kapena padenga. Momwemonso, mbewuzo zatha pambuyo pa munda. Pakuyesa kuyanika anyezi ayenera kutembenuzidwa ndi kusakanikirana. Kutseka nthawi - masabata 1-2. Mbewuyi imasungidwa m'chipinda chozizira mpweya kutentha kwa 15-20 ° C mu mabokosi a matabwa. Pansi pa malo osungirako, anyezi a mitundu yosiyanasiyana akhoza kukhala ndi mbewu yatsopano, kusungirako katundu wake wonse.

Mavuto ndi malingaliro

Vuto lalikulu la mitundu yambiri ya anyezi - mfuti - "Corrado" ndi yopanda ntchito. Koma iye amakhalabe wosiyana: chikasu cha masamba, mawonekedwe a kuwawa, kuphulika kwa zomera, kupotoza kwa nthenga.

1. Kuwala kwa masamba kumatha chifukwa cha kusowa kwa zakudya m'nthaka kapena kulephera kusunga zomera. Ndikoyenera kudyetsa chikhalidwe ndi gawo la zakudya zamchere ndi kuimika boma la kuthirira, kupalira, ndi kumasula.
2. Pali ululu mu nyengo yozizira. Mavutowa amachititsa kuti magetsi azisungunuka mu babu, zomwe zimapweteka kwambiri. Choncho, m'nyengo youma, m'pofunika kuonjezera nthawi zambiri ulimi wothirira ndi kudyetsa mbewu.
3. Mdima umatopa ndi kusowa kwa nayitrogeni m'nthaka. Kuonetsetsa kuti mlingo wa chinthucho uli pansi muyenera kukonzekera yankho la urea (10-15 g pa 5 malita a madzi).
4. Nthenga zamapiko ndi kusowa kwa potaziyamu. Kupanga njira yothira potaziyamu (5-7 g pa madzi okwanira 5 l) kudzakuthandizani kudzaza kutaya kwa chinthucho.

Mukudziwa? Kudula m'maso ndi kudula pamene kudula anyezi kumayambitsa ma amino acid omwe amamasulidwa ku maselo osalimba. Kuyanjana ndi michere, iwo amasandulika kukhala asidi, ndiyeno - mu mpweya. Wotsirizira, pofika pamphuno ya maso ndi kumangiriza kumadzimadzi a misozi, amapanga asidi sulfuric, yomwe imayambitsa kukwiya.

Anyezi "Corrado" - yomwe imakhala yosakanizika kwambiri pakati pa nyengoyi, motsimikiza kukhala ndi malo opambana pakati pa mitundu yofananayo. Mtundu wake wabwino ndi kukoma kwake kumapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kusungira masamba pa nyengo yonse yozizira. Izi zimathandizidwa ndi kumasuka pakukula mbewu.