Matenda a m'maso poika nkhuku ndizochitika kawirikawiri, ndipo podziwa zizindikiro kapena zizindikiro za matendawa, mukhoza kupereka thandizo kwa mbalame. Mwini mbalame ayenera kumvetsera mwatcheru nkhuku, ku thanzi lawo. Chithandizo cha pakadwala cha mbalame yodwalayo chidzapulumutsa chiwerengero chonse cha anthu ku matenda, chifukwa mu zikhalidwe za nkhuku yotsekemera imakhala yosapeŵeka.
M'nkhaniyi timaganizira za matenda omwe maso amawoneka kwambiri ku nkhuku, zizindikiro zawo ndi zina zomwe zimawathandiza kuchipatala.
Amamoni khungu
Ammonia akhungu amapezeka nkhuku za miyezi umodzi kapena ziwiri. Chifukwa cha matendawa ndi kuchulukanso kwa madzi ammimba mumlengalenga.
Kutentha kwa ammonia m'nyumba kungathe kupitilira pa zifukwa zingapo:
- kusowa kapena kusagwirizana kwa dongosolo la mpweya wabwino;
- Kukhalapo kwa mbalame pafupi ndi zitosi;
- kusamba kosayenera ndi kosauka mu chipinda cha mbalame;
- kusowa kwa disinfection.
Amamoni akhungu amadziwonetsera mwa mawonekedwe:
- chiwalo cha diso chimatuluka;
- kuchotsa ntchentche kumphuno;
- maso amadzi.
Matendawa ndi ovuta kwambiri, chifukwa amapereka chidziwitso osati khungu, koma ndi thanzi komanso kukula kwa nkhuku. Nestling yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi matendawa imataya mwamsanga kuona, imakula molakwika, imatuluka kumbuyo, kukula pang'onopang'ono, imakhala yopusa komanso yopanda chidwi.
Pofuna kuchotsa nkhuku za ammonia khungu, muyenera:
- onaninso chakudya chawo mwa kuwonjezera zakudya zomwe zili ndi vitamini A;
Pezani zomwe nkhuku zimadya.
- Kuyeretsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, omwe ali ndi mbalame, osanyalanyaza odyetsa komanso mapepala awo.
- mbalame zoipitsidwa kuchokera kumatope pogwiritsa ntchito madzi otentha ndi minofu yofewa;
- Onetsetsani, yambani tiyi kapena tiyi ya chamomile kawiri pa tsiku kwa sabata.
Mukudziwa? Nkhuku, poyerekeza ndi munthuyo, imakhala ndi maonekedwe ambiri, imasiyanitsa ndi violet spectrum zomwe sizimatigonjera. Munthu amatha kusiyanitsa maluwa okwana milioni, nkhuku - oposa mamiliyoni zana.
Hemophillosis
Kawirikawiri haemophilia mu nkhuku imakhala ndi maonekedwe omwewo monga chimfine. Alimi ovomerezeka ndi nkhuku, chifukwa cha kusadziŵa kwawo, samagwirizanitsa kwambiri chifukwa cha coryza yopanda vuto, zomwe zingachititse imfa ya ziweto zonse. Ngati mliriwu sunayimidwe m'kupita kwa nthawi, nkhuku sizidzapulumuka. 
Hemophilosis ndi matenda opatsirana, omwe amawopsa kwambiri ndi Hemophilus gallinarum bacillus, yomwe ikhoza kukhala mumadzi (miyezi 7), m'nthaka kapena mu nkhuku zozizira (miyezi 12).
Kutengera kwa mbalame kumachitika:
- kuchokera munthu mmodzi kupita ku wina;
- kubweretsa matenda kuchokera kunja kwadziko;
- kuvulaza mabala;
- osataya nthawi, oledzera, odyetsa, osowa amatha kukhala magwero a matenda;
Zingakhale zothandiza kwa inu kudziwa ngati mukufunikira kuyamwa kwa nkhuku, momwe mungapangire oledzera anu ndi feeders nkhuku, momwe mungapangidwire.
- nkhuku yowonongeka, kusowa kwa vitamini A.
Hemophilosis akuwonetseredwa mu zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- kumatula ndi kupopera;
- Kutulutsa madzi ozizira kuchokera kumphuno;
- kupuma kupuma chifukwa cha mapangidwe a mphuno pa mphuno, kupuma;
- chisokonezo chimaoneka m'khosi ndi mapiko, chifukwa chakuti nthawi zonse zimatuluka;
- Mbalame za mbalame zimagwirana pamodzi chifukwa cha purulent discharges;
- kusowa kwa njala, motero, kufooka pang'ono kwa mbalame;
- Kutsika kwa dzira kupanga kapena kutayika kwathunthu;
- chisa chimataya mtundu ndi maluwa, khungu la mbalame limasanduka chikasu;
- kudzikuza kwa hypodermic kwa chiwalo cha khola, nsagwada, mutu wa nkhuku imayamba kufanana ndi mutu wa chikopa.
Hemophilosis akhoza kugonjetsedwa kokha ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo olembedwa ndi veterinarian. Mankhwala a antibiotic amalowetsedwa mu mbalame, nthawi zina amawonjezeka ku madzi. Ndime zowonongeka zimatsukidwa ndi ziphuphu zatsopano, maso - kuchokera ku pus ndi njira ya tetracycline.
Ndikofunikira! Ndi kufalikira kwachangu kwa mliriwu, mbalame yodwalayo imayenera kuphedwa, ndipo yathanzi imayikidwa payekha, nyumbayo imayambitsidwa ndi disinfection.
Matenda opatsirana
Nthawi zina kutupa kwa nkhuku ndi chizindikiro chokhazikika, ndiko kuti, si chizindikiro chodziimira, pali matenda ambiri ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuti mudziwe bwinobwino.
Sinusitis
Matenda omwe mumphuno wa kupuma umatenthedwa, chifukwa cha tizilombo tosavuta komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a mwezi umodzi.
Ndi sinusitis, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zimachitika:
- kupopera;
- mphuno kumaso ndi mphuno;
- conjunctivitis;
- keratitis;
- diso;
- chisokonezo;
- kudula mutu mwadzidzidzi;
- Kuwonjezeka kwa kukula sikuwonetsedwa;
- kusowa kudya, komwe kumabweretsa kutopa;
- Nthenga m'mutu zimagwedezeka, zimawoneka zosasangalatsa.
Sinusitis ikhoza kudziwonetsa yokha komanso matenda ena, ndipo ngati simachiritsidwa, mukhoza kutaya 70% ya mbalameyi. Mbalame yodwalayo imakhala ndekha ndipo imachizidwa ndi maantibayotiki.
Mu 1903, munthu wakukhala ku America, Andrew Jacksan, analembetsa kuti akhale ndi chivomerezo cha kupanga magalasi a nkhuku. Kukonzekera uku kunapangidwa ndikupanga ndipo kunapambana ku America.
Nkhuku ya Typhus
Matenda opatsirana omwe amakhudza nkhuku za miyezi 5-9. Matendawa ndi nyengo yofunda ya chaka, ndipo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Salmonella Gallinarum. Matendawa amapezeka kudzera mu mbalameyi ndikufalikira paliponse ndi kuthandizidwa ndi anthu ndi zinyama, kufikira kufalikira kwapadera.
Onaninso matenda akuluakulu a nkhuku. Pezani momwe nkhuku zimayendera m'nyengo yozizira, nkhuku zimamva zowawa, momwe mungathere nkhuku, mphutsi, kutsegula m'mimba, chifukwa chake nkhuku zimagwa.
Zizindikiro za matenda:
- kuwonongeka kwa diso;
- chisa cha mbalame chimakhala mtundu wa bluish;
- kuchepetsa mazira, maonekedwe a mazira ndi zipolopolo zofooka, zofooka ndi zopunduka, ndipo nthawizina popanda zipolopolo;
- kufooka kwa mbalame, yomwe imawonekera mwa kusasamala ndi kugona kwa nkhuku;
- palibe chilakolako;
- ziwombankhanga zomwe zimakhala ngati zotsegula m'mimba.
Kutentha kwa chiwombankhanga - matenda omwe amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi chithandizo cha panthaŵi yake kwa veterinarian ndi kuyamba mankhwala ndi maantibayotiki. Ngati mutalola matendawa pokhapokha mutha kuwononga anthu 25%.
Salmonellosis
Imodzi mwa matenda ovuta kwambiri pakati pa nkhuku, nthawi zambiri ndi zotsatira zowononga. Munthu amene amadziŵa salmonellosis amapeza poizoni wowonjezera chakudya.
Gwero la salmonella ndi nkhuku zomwe zakhala zikudwala ndipo zidapulumuka, koma wothandizira matendawa amafalitsidwa kudzera mazira kwa zaka ziwiri ndi theka.
Wothandizira wa salmonellosis ndi wolimba kwambiri ndipo amatha kuyembekezera nthawi yokwanira yokwanira kuti izi zichitike:
- nkhuku zinyama - mpaka zaka ziwiri;
- mitembo ya mbalame yofiira - mpaka zaka zitatu;
- pamwamba pa makoma ndi pansi pa nyumba - mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi;
- mu nthaka - mpaka miyezi inayi.
Chithandizo cha nkhuku chimapangidwa kwa masiku khumi ndi kukonzekera komwe kumakhala ndi maantibayotiki.
Colibacteriosis
Matenda amodzi mwa nkhuku, zomwe zingakhale ngati matenda akuluakulu, ndipo zimagwira ntchito.
Pochita nkhuku zimayesetsa kuthetsa vuto la matendawa, kuphatikizapo mankhwala oyenera, koma pali chinthu chimodzi ... colibacteria ikugwirizana ndi zomwe mankhwala a antibiotic amachita komanso mankhwalawa ayenera kusinthidwa. 
Chlamydia
Matenda osakwanira kwa abale a nkhuku, koma n'zotheka, izi zimagwira ntchito ku mabanja omwe abakha amasungidwa ndi nkhuku. Matenda otsekemera a bakha, ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chlamydia, ali mu zinyama.
Nkhungu zikamauma, othandizira matendawa pamodzi ndi fumbi, kudzera mumlengalenga, amalowa muyamwa ya mbalame yathanzi. Chlamydia - Matenda, omwe angathe kuchitika (kufa 10-30%), ndipo akhoza kukhala osadziwika (kufa ndi pafupifupi 5%).
Kuti mudziwe matendawa, zizindikiro zotsatirazi ndizofunika kwambiri:
- zokopa zonunkhira;
- chisokonezo;
- kupweteka, kupuma kwambiri;
- kuphulika kwaukali, kupha anthu.
Chlamydia ndi matenda omwe ali owopsa kwa anthu, choncho, pamene akupeza kuti mbalamezi sizinatengedwe, ziyenera kuwonongedwa, ndipo m'nyumba za nkhuku zimakhala zosavuta kwenikweni, zomwe zimasamalira kwambiri nkhuku za nkhuku.
Matenda opatsirana
Matenda omwe amakhudza dongosolo la kupuma ndi kutha kubereka m'magawo. Matendawa amakhudza nkhuku, mosasamala za msinkhu komanso nkhuku zomwe zakhala ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana, zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa kwa miyezi inayi.
Matendawa akhoza kuchitika nthawi iliyonse ya chaka, gwero lingakhale chinthu chilichonse - kufufuza, nsapato za anthu, zogona.
Zizindikiro za matendawa zingakhale ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- mbalame kugona;
- kupuma pang'ono, komwe kumaphatikizapo kupuma ndi kukokera;
- mawonetseredwe a rhinitis ndi conjunctivitis mu mawonekedwe aakulu;
- Kukula nkhuku kumachepetsanso; nkhuku sizinatenge mazira;
- Kuwonongeka kwa impso nkhuku.
Ngati chidziwitso chimodzi kapena zingapo chikupezeka, chofunika mwamsanga kuonana ndi katswiri yemwe amasankha moyenera chithandizo cha mankhwala ndi zofunikira zokonzekera.
Laryngotracheitis
Matenda a nyengo ya chilimwe ndi yophukira ndi makulitsidwe masiku 3 mpaka 12. Matendawa akhoza kukhala ovuta komanso oopsa.
Mu mawonekedwe ovuta:
- rhinitis;
- kusamvera;
- mavuto ndi njala;
- Kupuma kuli kovuta, kuperewera ndi kulira maliro ndi kuwomba;
- kuwombera, kutsokomola ndi kunjenjemera;
- luluwe likuphulika, kuoneka cheesy kutaya;
- conjunctivitis mu nthawi yovuta kwambiri, nkhuku zambiri zimakhalabe maso.
Mtundu wapatali wa laryngotracheitis ungakhudze nkhuku zonse tsiku limodzi, zikhoza kudziwika ndi zotsatirazi:
- kupuma kupuma, limodzi ndi ziwonongeko zogwedeza, kuwomba;
- mutu;
- kutsokomola ndi kupha magazi;
- pa mucous nembanemba wa larynx - kutaya kwa cheesy;
- Kutaya kwathunthu kwa dzira kupanga.
Laryngotracheitis imatengedwa ngati matenda osachiritsika, koma pakhala pali zochitika zothandizira odwala, koma izi zimakhudza anthu akuluakulu okha. Ngati matendawa amakhudza anapiye a miyezi itatu, ndiye kuti mankhwalawa ndi opanda ntchito, chifukwa njira yochepa ya urogenital imakhudzidwa.
Conjunctivitis
Conjunctivitis ndi njira yomwe mazira a maso amatha. Chifukwa chake chingakhale chipsinjo mu mbalame kapena kukhalapo kwa matenda opatsirana. 
Pamene conjunctivitis idawona zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- kupukuta;
- maso;
- maonekedwe a edema;
- maonekedwe a kutuluka.
Matendawa amatha kuchitika m'mawonekedwe amodzi (ndi mawonetseredwe a zizindikiro zonse) komanso osachiritsika (zizindikiro zimakhala zosadziwika). Ndi kutalika kwa matendawa popanda mankhwala, thovu zimawoneka pamwamba pa zaka za zana lachitatu.
Ndikofunikira! Mu matenda opatsirana tizilombo toyambitsa matenda conjunctivitis, serous discharge m'maso akuwonetseredwa, ndipo purulent zinyalala zimasonyeza ubakiteriya chikhalidwe cha matendawa.
Kuchiza kwa conjunctivitis kumadalira makamaka pamene matendawa anapezeka, mu gawo lomwe liri. Pa gawo loyambirira, ndikwanira kusamba maso ndi chamomile kapena kulimbikitsa tiyi kulowetsedwa ndikuyesa kudya zakudya za mbalameyi. M'kupita patsogolo, antibiotics ndi ofunika kwambiri.
Xerophthalmia
Matenda chifukwa cha kusowa kwa vitamini A mu thupi. 
Kuwonetseredwa kwa matenda ndi:
- mpweya wakuda;
- maso akukula;
- Mitsempha ya misozi imasiya kugwira ntchito.
Kuchiza kwa xerophthalmia n'kosavuta - kulemetsa chakudya cha nkhuku ndi vitamini A.
Marek
Matenda a Marek ndi matenda a tizilombo omwe amachitikira nkhuku, zimakhudza dongosolo la mantha la ziwalo ndi ziwalo za masomphenya.
Zizindikiro zosiyana za matendawa ndizovuta kwa mwanayo.
Kuchiza kwa matenda a Marek sikuchitika, mbalame yodwalayo iyenera kuwonongedwa. Katemera wa anapiye pa tsiku loyamba la moyo akhoza kukhala ngati chithandizo choletsa matendawa, mbalame yaikulu siidemera katemera. 
Kuvulala kapena kutayika kwa magetsi kwa zaka zana
Kuvulala kwa makina kuma nkhuku kumawoneka pa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana - kaya kulimbana mu nyumba ya nkhuku, kulumpha kutuluka kuchokera ku chisa, kugunda mwangozi ndi chinthu.
Pakuvulaza, ntchito yaikulu ndikuteteza njira yotupa. Ngati chinthu chachilendo chikhalabe pachilonda - chimatulutsidwa ndi zofiira, ndipo balalo likusambitsidwa ndi chlorhexidine kapena madontho a maso omwe amadziwika ndi vitamini A.
Mycoplasmosis
Mycoplasmosis ndizovuta chifukwa cha kuzizira, zomwe zimakhudza anthu onse mosasamala za zaka.
Zizindikiro zotsatirazi zimadziwika:
- Kufiira ndi kutupa kwa maso;
- mphuno;
- kupuma kovuta.
Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa ndi katswiri yemwe angadziwe molondola njira ya matendayo ndi kusankha bwino antibiotic kuti apeze mankhwala. Pazifukwa zabwino, njira yoperekera mankhwala sikudzatenga masiku oposa asanu, ndipo izi sizikhala bwino - nkhuku zaphedwa.
Mimba
Chikhalidwe cha chiwombankhanga mu nkhuku sichikudziwika, zomwe zimayambitsa zochitika zimasiyanasiyana: dampness mu chipinda, ma drafts kapena chizindikiro chotsatira cha matenda opatsirana.
Pamene chotupa chikuwonetsedwa:
- diso lokhudzidwa limakhala lotentha ndi madzi;
- masomphenya amatha;
- khungu mozungulira diso limakhala lochepa.
Ngati kutupa sikukufika kukula koopsya - yesetsani kusintha zakudya, kuphatikizapo mankhwala omwe ali ndi mavitamini A ndi D. Sizodabwitsa pamene kutupa ndi chizindikiro cha kusowa kwa zinthu izi m'thupi. 
Njira yothandizira opaleshoni ndi yofunikira pa nthawi imene chifuwacho ndi matenda odziimira okhaokha. Pambuyo pa opaleshoniyi, nkhuku imachizidwa ndi nitrate ya siliva ndikutsukidwa ndi yankho la boric acid. Nthawi ndi kuchuluka kwa kukonza kumaika veterinarian.
Panophthalmitis
Panophthalmitis ndi conjunctivitis kuti nthawi ina imabwereranso ku matenda ena.
Zizindikiro zake ndi izi:
- iris amakhala mdima, ndi bluish tinge;
- chigoba chikugwa;
- maonekedwe a magazi.
Ngati mbalameyo sichichiritsidwe, idzakhala khungu. Veterinarian idzapereka mankhwala ovuta, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anti-anti-inflammatory agents, antibiotics ndipo maso amatsuka ndi njira zothetsera vutoli. 
Zifukwa zomwe nkhuku zimawotchera ndizambiri, koma pofuna kupewa matenda ambiri, malamulo angapo ayenera kuwonedwa:
1. Kuyeretsa panthawi yake m'nyumba ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
2. Zakudya zabwino za nkhuku. Mitengo monga masamba, kaloti, mafuta a nsomba ndi mazira a nkhuku aang'ono ayenera kuphatikizidwa mu zakudya za nkhuku.
3. Kusamalidwa kwa mbalame zazikulu ndi nkhuku.
