Nthiwatiwa zimakhala ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Mlimi wamphongo ayenera kudziwa matenda omwe mbalame yodabwitsa imayendetsedwa pofuna kupewa chitukuko cha matendawa. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za matenda omwe amapezeka ndi nthiwatiwa, zizindikiro, njira zothandizira komanso kupewa.
Matenda opuma
Chifukwa cha matenda osatetezeka komanso chifukwa cha mavuto omwe amapezeka nthiwatiwa amayamba chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Mbalame yamkuntho
Matendawa amayamba ndi kachilombo ka gulu ndipo amadziwika ndi zilonda za kupuma, njira yamagulu, edema ndi kuvutika maganizo. Matendawa amafalitsidwa ndi madontho amadzimadzi, komanso kudzera mu zakudya ndi zipangizo zonyansa.
Zizindikiro:
- kukana kudya;
- mkodzo wobiriwira;
- kuchotsa kumaso;
- Kutupa kwa chifuwa cha mpweya.
Ndikofunikira! Kutsimikizira kuti matendawa akhoza kokha kuyesa ma laboratory, chifukwa zizindikiro za chimfine cha avian ndizofanana ndi zizindikiro za matenda ena.Chithandizo Nthiwatiwa zimaperekedwa mothandizidwa ndi ma antibayotiki apadera omwe angagulidwe pazinthu zowonongeka ndi zapadera. Mbalame zomwe zimakhala ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri zimawonongedwa kuti zisawononge kufalikira kwa matenda.
Kupewa: - katemera wa avian flu;
- kupeĊµa kukhudzana ndi mbalame zodwala;
- kusamba tsiku ndi tsiku;
- mpweya wabwino;
- kutentha kwakukulu;
- kusowa kwazithunzi.
Mycoplasma
Matenda opatsirana amadziwika ndi zilonda m'mapweya, minofu ndi mapapo. Magwero a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi odwala ndi odwala mbalame, otengera mycoplasmosis. Matenda amapezeka kudzera mu njira yopuma. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amawoneka ngati ali ndi zaka zakubadwa. Akufa aang'ono - 20-30%.
Kufalikira kwa mycoplasmosis kumathandiza kuti pasakhale zinthu zenizeni:
- kusowa zakudya;
- kusowa mavitamini;
- mpweya wabwino;
- mkulu chinyezi.
Zizindikiro:- mpweya wa nasal;
- kutupa kwa machimo;
- kufooka kwakukulu;
- kupuma kwakukulu;
- kuwomba;
- chifuwa;
- kuwonjezeka kutentha kwa thupi ndi 1 ° C;
- kusowa kudya;
- kuchepetsa dzira kupanga.
Werengani zambiri zokhudza kubereka nthiwatiwa kunyumba.
Kupewa.
Katemera wamoyo Nobilis Mg 6/85 wakonzedwa motsutsana ndi kupuma kwa mycoplasmosis ya mbalame, zomwe zimateteza kusamba kwa zizindikiro, zimapangitsa mazira kupanga komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kutuluka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. 
Mabakiteriya Opatsirana Matenda
Matenda opatsirana amayamba ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana. Zomwe zimayambitsa chivomezi ndizovuta zokhudzana ndi ndende, zofooka zolimbitsa thupi.
Chithandizo Matenda a bakiteriya amachitidwa ndi ma antibayotiki osankhidwa bwino.
Mukudziwa? Dzina la sayansi la nthiwatiwa m'Chigiriki limatanthauza "ngamila-ngamila."
Kupewa:
- kupewa kutentha ndi kudyetsa mbalame;
- Perekani chakudya chokwanira ndi mavitamini owonjezera.
Matenda opuma chifukwa cha kuipa kwa mpweya
M'nyumba ya nthiwatiwa, mlingo wa ammonia mumlengalenga, womwe umamasulidwa kuchokera ku mbalame, umakula. Ammonia ndi mpweya wakupha. Popeza nthiwatiwa zimagona ndi mitu yawo, fungo loopsa komanso lopweteka la mpweya lingayambitse matenda opuma. 
Kuonjezera apo, kukwiyitsa chitukuko cha matendawa:
- fumbi;
- kutentha kosayenera;
- kusowa malo;
- kukhalapo kwa ma drafts.
Kupewa:
- chipinda chabwino cha mpweya wabwino, kusowa kwazithunzi;
- kusunga nkhuku pa pallets;
- kuyeretsa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa cholembera;
- kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pofuna kuchepetsa kukula kwa ammonia excretion.
Thupi lachilendo kunja
Pakati pa chakudya, chakudya chophwanyika kuchokera kwa odyetsa akhoza kupopedwa ndi kuikidwa mu ziwalo za kupuma kwa mbalame. Kuyankhulana ndi ziwalo za kupuma kwa matupi akunja ndizo chifukwa chofala cha asphyxiation kapena imfa. Koma zakudya zazikulu, monga karoti odulidwa, akhoza kumangika m'mimba ndi kupha.
Kupewa:
- Chakudya chiyenera kutumikiridwa muzingo zazikulu ndi zazikulu;
- tsiku lililonse kuti asaone kuti palibe chinthu chachitatu chomwe chili m'cholembera.
Stasis (kusasuntha)
Stasis ndi matenda omwe nthiwatiwa alibe njala ndipo imasiya kusuntha. Pochiza matenda, muyenera kukhazikitsa chifukwa chokhudzidwa ndi chilakolako chofuna kudya ndikuchotseratu.
Matenda a m'mimba
Matenda a m'mimba ndi omwe amapezeka pakati pa nthiwatiwa. Alimi nthawi zambiri amadwala matenda a nkhuku m'mimba, mphutsi ndi matenda opweteka.
Fungal gastritis
Matenda opatsiranawa omwe amapezeka pakati pa nthiwatiwa amachokera ku kugonjetsedwa kwa mimba ndi bowa, kuvulala ndi zinthu zakunja, kapena kugwiritsira ntchito zakudya zopanda ubwino zomwe zili ndi bowa.
Chithandizo: Ndizosatheka kudzichiritsa yekha mbalame, ndikulimbikitsanso kuyitcha vet
Nyongolotsi
Zipwitikizi ndizofala. Kuzindikira kuti kupezeka kwa nyongolotsi kumatulukako kungatheke pokhapokha pochita kafukufuku wamakono a nyongolotsi.
Phunzirani momwe mungapezere mphutsi ku nkhuku.
Zizindikiro:
- kusala kudya;
- kuchepetsa kulemera kapena kuchepetsa.
Chithandizo: Kuchulukitsana kunkachitika ngati n'kofunikira. Izi ndi chifukwa cha mtengo wapatali wa mankhwala apadera, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kolakwika kumabweretsa chitukuko cha kukana kwa zirombo.Mukudziwa? Mazira a mphutsi - lalikulu kwambiri mwa mbalame zonse. Dzira limodzi la nthiwatiwa limalowetsa mazira 30 a nkhuku ndipo limalemera pafupifupi 1.8 makilogalamu. Zitha kutenga oposa ora kuti aziphika dzira lovuta kwambiri.
Enteritis
Pamodzi ndi chakudya, nthiwatiwa zimatha kutenga matenda osiyanasiyana omwe amachititsa matenda a m'mimba.
Virit enteritis
Matendawa tizilombo kawirikawiri samapezeka mu nthiwatiwa. Matumbo awo amatha kuyamwa madzi mwamsanga, kotero kutsekula m'mimba kumatha kokha pamene matumbo ali ndi kachilombo. Kawirikawiri, mtundu uwu wa matenda ukhoza kukhala limodzi ndi mtundu wina wa enteritis - bakiteriya.
Chithandizo Izi zimachitika pokhapokha atakambirana ndi veterinarian, amene adzakhazikitsa chifukwa cha kutsekula m'mimba ndi kupereka chithandizo choyenera. 
Kupewa.
Mavairasi omwe amachititsa kuti m'mimba asatuluke m'mimba, sanagwidwe bwino, koma katemera oyesera apangidwira kuti awatsutse, zomwe zingapangidwe kuchokera ku malo okhondo komanso zoowetsera ziweto.
Bakiteriya enteritis
Matendawa amayamba ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda, kuphatikizapo Salmonella. Mankhwala otchedwa Anthelmintic, overdosing of alfefa, mavairasi osiyanasiyana ndi matenda a tizilombo angayambitse bacterial enteritis.
Ndikofunikira! Musanapereke nyemba yamadzi, muyenera kudyetsa chakudya cha granulated.Zizindikiro:
- chisokonezo;
- chiwonetsero;
- kusamvetseka;
- madzi zinyenyeswazi.
- kuletsa kupitirira;
- kukhala ndi ukhondo wapamwamba;
- Kuchiza ndi kupewa matenda opatsirana.
Parasitic enteritis
Muzitsulo ndi zowonjezera za nthiwati zimatulutsa kachilombo ka bacteridium Balantidium Coli. Ndi iye amene amapanga mavuto kwa mbalameyi. Mu cloaca ndi m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono, munthu amatha kupeza cryptosporidium tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimakhudza zikwangwani ndi mazira ake, komanso chiwindi ndi impso.
Chithandizo: palibe mankhwala othandiza matendawa.
Matenda a mitsempha (musculoskeletal)
Ambiri mwa nthiwatiwa ali ndi matenda a minofu.
Matenda a chideru
Matendawa ndi owopsa kwambiri ndipo amawonetseredwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo za kupuma, tsamba la m'mimba, ndi dongosolo loyamba la mitsempha. Nthiwatiwa zimakhala ndi kachilombo ka nkhuku. Matendawa amapezeka makamaka ndi nthiwatiwa miyezi isanu ndi iwiri. Kufufuza koyenera kwambiri kungapezeke pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso a laboratori.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuwerenga za momwe tingachitire matenda a Chitopa nkhuku ndi nkhunda.
Zizindikiro:
- kufooka;
- kugwedeza;
- chisokonezo cha kayendedwe.
Chithandizo: Mankhwala osamalidwa ndi nthendayi sizinayambe, choncho, nthawi zambiri imfa ya mbalame.Botulism
Botulism imatanthauzira zakudya zolimbitsa thupi ndipo ndi matenda opatsirana kwambiri. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhudza dongosolo la mitsempha. Gwero ndi bakiteriya otchedwa anaerobic sporiferous omwe amatulutsa poizoni wamphamvu - exotoxin. Kuzindikira kungapangidwe ndi mayeso a labotale.
Zizindikiro:
- mawonekedwe ofooketsa;
- mavuto a masomphenya;
- kutsekula m'mimba;
- kusowa kwa mphuno.
Muyenera kukhala ndi chidwi chowerenga momwe mungasonkhanitsire ndi kusunga mazira asanatengeke, momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mazira a nthiwati kunyumba, komanso momwe mungapangidwire mazira a nthiwatiwa ndi manja anu.
Chithandizo ngakhale ndi kufa kwathunthu kuli bwino. Seramu yothandizira imaperekedwa kwa nthiwatiwa, ndipo patatha masiku angapo imachira. Ndikofunikira kudziwa ndi kusatulutsa gwero la matenda, mwinamwake matendawa akhoza kuyambiranso.
Kupewa:
- katemera wa nthiwatiwa zonse m'mapulasi omwe ali ndi vuto la botulism;
- Kupewa kusunga madzi akumwa;
- Kudyetsa chakudya chopatsa thanzi chaukhondo.
Encephalopathy
Matendawa okhudza ubongo amafanana ndi matenda a chideru. Wothandizira odwala matendawa ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda, omwe amachokerabe.
Mukudziwa? Kukwapulidwa ndi nthiwatiwa yamphamvu kumapweteka kwambiri kapena kupha mkango, kumathyola thunthu lakuda mtengo.Zizindikiro:
- kusintha mu nyimbo yopuma;
- gawo losakhazikika;
- kusokoneza kayendetsedwe kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe kabwino;
- kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha;
- malaise;
- kugona;
- kumanjenjemera miyendo.
Poizoni
Poizoni wa nthiwati zimapezeka chifukwa cha kuwonjezera pa mankhwala komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osayenera. Mbalame zambiri zimayikidwa poizoni ndi zitsamba.
Zomwe zimayambitsa poyizoni ndi zomera monga autumn crocus, wolfpicker, mitundu ya parsley, parsnip, parsley yaikulu, komanso wort St. John's, zomwe zimayambitsa kuchulukitsa phytosensitivity kudyedwa.
Ndikofunikira! Zakudya za nthiwatiwa ziyenera kukwaniritsa zosowa zawo. Chakudya chiyenera kukhala ndi mapuloteni, calcium ndi phosphorous.
Zovuta zalamulo
Osteoporosis, mafupa ofewa, amapezeka m'maso ambiri a Strausits. Pa anapiye akale, ndi chinyezi chowonjezereka, kuwonjezeka kwa miyendo kumakula mu chofungatira, ndipo pakapita masiku awiri otsatira miyendo yawo ikuwoneka ikuchoka. Koma chimodzi mwa zovuta kwambiri zomwe zimapezeka m'mphepete mwa nthiwatiwa ndi kupotoka kwa zala zala.
Zifukwa za kusintha kwa thupi pa kukula kungakhale:
- kusowa zakudya zofunikira m'thupi, komanso mavitamini a B-mavitamini ndi vitamini D (rickets);
- zolembera zazikulu ndi zofunikira.
Mkumba achikulire, kupunduka kumachitika chifukwa cha kuswa kwa miyendo, kutupa kwa mgulu wamagolo.Chithandizo: kumayambiriro kwa nthendayi, chophimba chophimba ndi bolodi kapena kupitiliza kwa masiku 7 chikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa mwendo wathithi. Kuyendetsa miyendo kungatsekezedwe pogwiritsa ntchito tayala.
Kupewa. Pofuna kuteteza thupi, muyenera kulowa zakudya zopatsa mavitamini, amino acid, macro-micronutrients.
Mitundu
Mavuto osakondweretsa komanso zakudya zoperewera zakudya zingayambitse ubongo ndi kupunduka kwa mafupa. Nthiwatiwa ikhoza kuthyola fupa pamene imagunda mpanda kapena mpanda pomwe ikuyendayenda pamalo ozizira m'nyengo yozizira. Kawirikawiri, pamakhala kuwonongeka kwa minofu.
Chithandizo: Mafupa ndi mapiko ophwanyika kapena oonongeka amasinthidwa ndikukhazikika pamalo oyenera kufikira machiritso athunthu (pafupi masabata 3-4).
Myopathy
Matendawa ndi chifukwa cha zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso mavitamini E osakwanira komanso kufufuza chinthu cha selenium.
Chithandizo: ngati zodziwika kuti palibe selenium yokwanira mu thupi la mbalame, selenium zowonjezerapo zimaphatikizidwa ku zakudya. Apo ayi, sagwiritsidwe ntchito - selenium ndi owopsa kwambiri. 
Hypoglycemia
Matendawa amapezeka patapita nthawi yaitali kudya kwa mbalame, monga kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumachepa.
Zizindikiro Matendawa ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi matenda a chideru.
Chithandizo: Kupuma mofulumira kumachitika pambuyo poyamwitsa shuga m'thupi.
Mukudziwa? Nthiwatiwa sitha kutha, koma imathamanga mofulumira kuposa kavalo! Liwiro la mbalame yamwezi mwezi imatha kufika 50 km / h. Nthiwatiwa yothamanga imapanga masentimita 4 m'litali.
Matenda a m'mimba
Popeza khungu ndi nthenga za nthiwati zimayamika kwambiri m'misika, nkofunika kudziwa za matenda owopsa a khungu kuti athetse chitukuko chawo m'nthawi.
Mbalame
Kuphulika kwa mbalame m'mimba mwa nthiwatiwa kumachitika kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Panthawi imeneyi, pali chiwerengero chachikulu cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Chikale cha miyezi isanu kapena iwiri chikudwala matendawa. Kufa kumafikira 15%. 
Zizindikiro:
- Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosaoneka bwino.
- mu nthenda ya mbalame ya mtundu wa dipteroid - mitsempha pamatumbo a m'kamwa ndi pamphuno, komanso m'kamwa.
Kupewa:
- katemera;
- kutsatira mosamalitsa lamulo lokhalitsa kwa mbalame zatsopano.
Matenda opatsirana pogonana
Dermatopathies opatsirana nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu nthiwatiwa zopitirira. Tsamba pakhungu pafupi ndi maso, miyendo ndi zala zazing'ono, thiyani ndi kuphimba ndi makoswe. Chifukwa cha zitsulo zoterozo ndi zakudya zopanda thanzi. Veterinarian yekha ndi amene angathe kudziwa matendawa.
Mukudziwa? Masomphenya abwino ndi kukula kwakukulu kumathandiza nthiwatiwa kuti iwonetse nyama yomwe ikuyandikira pamtunda wa makilomita asanu.Chithandizo Chitani mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Zilonda zamatenda
M'mapiri muli ectoparasites omwe amadya nthenga za mbalame, zikopa za khungu, magazi akutuluka ku mabala. Izi zikuphatikizapo nthata za nthenga. Zinaipitsa kwambiri nthenga zamtengo wapatali za mbalame. Pezani chiwindi mu nthiwatiwa zingakhale zosawerengeka.
Chithandizo: chithandizo chothandiza cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda chimatengedwa ngati "chakudya choyera". Iye akupanga nthenga za mbalame.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuwerenga za momwe mungachotsere utitiri, nsabwe ndi nkhupakupi mu nkhuku.
Kupewa:
- kufufuza mwatsatanetsatane wa chivundikiro cha nthenga za nkhupakupa ndi nsabwe;
- kulandira nyumba ndi gawo ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda;
- kuthetsa makoswe.
Chiwindi cha chiwindi
Matenda a chiwindi afala kwambiri. Matendawa angakhale chifukwa cha salmonellosis, chifuwa chachikulu, streptococcosis, ndi matenda ena. Matenda a chiwindi amayamba chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osayenera - mwachitsanzo, pogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala oopsa polimbana ndi mapopopasititis. 
Zizindikiro zosonyeza chiwindi cha chiwindi:
- "mkodzo wobiriwira" ndi chizindikiro chakuti chiwindi sichikhoza kuthana ndi kuchotsedwa kwa pigments ndipo zimalowa impso;
- utoto wa zinyalala mu mtundu wa brownish;
- kusintha kukula kwa chiwindi;
- kuchuluka kwa mimba.
Chithandizo: Veterinarian imanena mankhwala opha tizilombo, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, shuga, ndi mavitamini a B ndi C kwa mbalame ndi matenda a chiwindi.
Mukudziwa? Nthiwatiwa zimadyetsa miyala yaying'ono kuti ikhale yopera chakudya m'mimba.
Kudziwa matenda otheka a mbalame, maonekedwe a chithandizo chawo ndi kupewa, ndizofunika kuti azilima bwino. Kusamala ndi zokhudzana ndi ukhondo, kudya moyenera ndi zakudya zamtundu wapamwamba, kutsata njira zothandizira matenda akuluakulu kumakhudza moyo wa nthiwatiwa. Ngati pali zizindikiro za matenda omwe ali pamwambapa, ndikufunika mwamsanga kukaonana ndi katswiri wa ziweto.
