Kalulu wokongoletsa Dutch: zinthu zomwe zili panyumba

Masiku ano, akalulu okongoletsera achi Dutch amaonedwa ngati amodzi mwa mitundu khumi yotchuka kwambiri ku Ulaya. Zokongoletsa izi zimagwedezeka, makamaka chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo odabwitsa. Cholengedwa chaubweya mu "maski ndi mathalauza" ndizokongola kwenikweni kwa bwalo kapena nyumba.

Zamkatimu:

• Mbiri yopondereza
• Zomwe zili kunja
• Makhalidwe
• Kusamalira ndi kusamalira
• Kusankhidwa ndi makonzedwe a maselo
• Malamulo osamalira
• Katemera
• Kudyetsa malamulo
• Kodi mungadye chiyani?
• Chimene sichikhoza kudyetsa
• Mbali yobereketsa nyama zinyama
• Dutch kalulu yokongoletsera: kanema

Tsatanetsatane wamabambo

Poyamba, mtunduwo unali wa khungu la nyama, ndipo kulemera kwake kwa anthu kunkafika 5 kg. Koma pakubwera kwa mtundu wa broiler, "Dutch", chifukwa cha maonekedwe awo, anasamukira ku gulu la kukongoletsera ndipo anayamba kukhala wawong'ono kwambiri. Kunja kwachilendo kwa kalulu ndi chikhalidwe chake cha mtendere kunamupangitsa kukhala wathandi olandirika wa minda yambiri ya ulimi.

Dzidziwitse nokha ndi zida za germelin, agologolo, azungu, azungu, abuluu, akalulu amphamvu.

Mbiri yopondereza

Mu 1800, pamene kubereka akalulu a ku Denmark kumasinthika. Anthuwa anawonekera omwe amatchedwa Polish ndipo anawoloka ndi akalulu zakutchire. Panthawi ya nkhondo, ntchito yosankhayo inatha, ndipo itatha, mu 1947, pa chiwonetsero cha Amsterdam, anthu adasonyezedwa, omwe ankatchedwa akalulu okongoletsera achi Dutch.

Zomwe zili kunja

Zinyama izi zili ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• lamulo lolimba la thupi;
• amphamvu ndi lalikulu (poyerekeza ndi kutsogolo) miyendo yamphongo;
• kulemera kwake kuyambira 1.3 mpaka 1.7 kg, koma pali anthu omwe amafika 3 kg;
• Mbali yodziwika ndi mtundu wa malaya: thupi lawo liri ngati logawidwa mu magawo awiri - mdima wambuyo (mitundu mpaka mithunzi 22) ndi kutsogolo, yoyera; Pakhoza kukhala zitsanzo zamagetsi, koma pokhapokha mgwirizano wa mtanda (khutu lakuda pa tsaya lofiira ndi khutu lofiira pa tsaya lakuda);
• ubweya uli wandiweyani komanso wofewa, womwe umakhala kutalika, umagwiritsidwa ntchito kupukuta zovala za ubweya, zovala, kumaliza zinthu za ubweya;
• mutu ndi wawung'ono, wozungulira nkhope yanyamu;
• khosi silinayambe;
• makutu ofupika ndi owongoka, abwinobwino;
• masaya odzikuza;
• Kupatula mtundu, mtundu wa diso ndi wachilendo: kuchokera ku bulauni mpaka imvi ndi buluu;
• Chiyembekezo cha moyo chimakhala zaka 7 mpaka 10.

Mukudziwa? Makutu akuluakulu a kalulu amathandiza kusintha kutentha. Powawotha ndi madzi ozizira, mutha kuteteza kutentha kwa nyama.

Makhalidwe

Akalulu a Dutch amakhala osasinthasintha komanso odekha, okondana kucheza ndi ena ndipo amadziwa. Iwo amadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa anzeru ndipo ali othandizira kuphunzitsidwa. Monga achibale onse, ndi amanyazi. Mafilimu samasonyeza zizindikiro za nkhanza, koma mu nthawi yovuta akhoza "kusonyeza mano". Izi ndi zolengedwa zogwira mtima, komabe ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti ichi si chidole, koma cholengedwa chamoyo, ndipo ndikofunikira kuti muzichita nawo moyenera.

Kusamalira ndi kusamalira

Mutapanga chisankho choyambitsa ziwombankhanga, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti chimafuna chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro. Choyamba, muyenera kusamalira selo ndi zomwe zili mkati.

Mukudziwa? Mwachilengedwe, mano a akalulu amatha msanga, chotero chilengedwe chawapatsa malo apadera: amakula moyo wawo wonse.

Kusankhidwa ndi makonzedwe a maselo

Malo okhala a abambo ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira izi:

• khola liyenera kukhala lalikulu, 4 peresenti kuposa chiweto chokha, choncho kutalika kwa nyumbayo sikuyenera kukhala osachepera 70 × 50 cm;
• popeza akalulu sakonda kutentha ndi kulekerera kuzizira mosavuta, chifukwa chake dzuwa siliyenera kugwera pa khola kuti lisayambe kutentha;
• khola siliyenera kukhala lolemba;
• utuchi, udzu kapena udzu amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zogona;
• botolo la madzi liyenera kukhala lokonzedwa bwino pa grill kuti mbaliyo isadye madzi;
• ndi bwino kutenga feeders kuti asasokonezedwe, kapena kukonza ngati oledzera;
• khola liyeneranso kukhala ndi chimbudzi ndi malo opuma.

Malamulo osamalira

Pofuna kuti chiweto chanu chikhale wathanzi, muyenera kuyeretsa nthawi zonse mu khola lake. Kuwonjezera pa kuyeretsa tsiku ndi tsiku "(kutaya zakudya zodyera, kusintha zinyalala ndi kutsanulira madzi atsopano), muyenera kuyeretsa kawiri kamodzi pa sabata:

1. Mutatha kuika kalulu pamalo abwino, tulutsani zinyalala ndi zinyalala za zakudya.
2. Gwiritsani ntchito burashi ndi zolimba kuti muyeretsedwe, ndipo botolo la mano lidzagwira ntchito malo ovuta kufika.
3. Sambani khola ndi madzi ofunda ndi sopo losavuta kapena viniga wosakaniza (gawo limodzi la viniga ku gawo limodzi la madzi). Kumapeto kwa zonse muyenera kutsuka bwino ndi madzi.
4. Pamene khola likuda, ikani zinthu zonse ndikuphimba malita atsopano. Nthawi iliyonse, tulukani malo ochepa osakanizidwa, monga akalulu amasonyeza nyumba zawo ndipo, popanda kumva fungo lawo, azidandaula.

Phunzirani momwe mungapangire khola la kalulu wokongoletsa ndi manja anu.

Ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala oyeretsera, chifukwa iwo, otsala pa khola ndi zomwe zili mkati, angayambitse matenda a nyama.

Katemera

Pofuna kukhala ndi thanzi la ziweto, amafunika kuchita katemera woteteza. Chiwongolero cha 100% sichidzapereka, koma chidzachepetsa kuthekera kwa matenda.

Katemera amachitika nthawi zotsatirazi:

• Katemera woyamba wa myxomatosis ndi matenda oopsa amapezeka ali ndi zaka 45 ndi kulemera kwa 0,5 makilogalamu (ngati kulemera kuli kochepa, katemera waperekedwa pambuyo pake);
• Pewani katemera womwewo pa miyezi 4.5 ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi;
• rabies katemera pa miyezi 2-2.5;
• Pofuna kuchepetsa kuchepetsa chitetezo cha m'mthupi, ndibwino kupewa matendawa asanayambe katemera.

Pezani mtundu wa matenda omwe amapezeka akalulu okongola.

Pochita katemera, muyenera kukumbukira kuti simungakhoze katemera:

• nyama yodwala;
• kalulu wolemera kwambiri (mpaka 500 g);
• wodwala kapena namwino wa kalulu;
• popanda kupewa mphutsi.

Kudyetsa malamulo

Ngakhale akalulu achi Dutch sakhala ochepa pa zakudya zawo, n'zotheka kupitiliza moyo wawo mothandizidwa ndi zakudya zopangidwa bwino.

Kodi mungadye chiyani?

Mu menyu ya nyama ayenera kukhalapo:

• zowonjezera zowonjezera (zopatsa), zomwe zili ndi mavitamini ndi minerals onse;
• balere, oats ndi chimanga;
• udzu wouma (200-300 g patsiku): kumathandiza kuyenda kwa chakudya kudzera m'matumbo ndi kuchotsa mitsempha yochokera m'matumbo omwe amalowa m'matumbo pamene chinyama chimadzimva;
• zouma zobiriwira dandelion, nettle, kubzala nthula, wheatgrass, nyemba, clover ndi zomera zina: mitundu yobiriwira, yabwino kwambiri;
• Kudyetsa masamba ndi masamba (nthambi zazing'ono za laimu, birch, mapulo, peyala, apulo);
• masamba ndi zipatso (kaloti, Yerusalemu artichokes, mapeyala, maapulo, nyemba zamasamba, etc.);
• yisiti ya abambo (ili ndi amino acid, mavitamini komanso zinthu zogwira ntchito);
• mchere (miyala yamtengo wapatali yamchere imagulitsidwa);
• chakudya choko.

Ndikofunikira! M'nyengo yozizira, popanda udzu watsopano, vitamini ndi mchere ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku zakudya, zomwe zimakhudza chitetezo cha ma ward.

Nyama ziyenera kudyetsedwa 2-3 pa tsiku.

Chimene sichikhoza kudyetsa

Akalulu okongoletsera amaletsedwa kupereka:

• mvula yamadzi;
• zomera zosadziwika kapena zoopsa;
• nthambi za mkulu, mbalame yamatcheri, chitumbuwa, apurikoti, maula ndi mitengo ina;
• beets wofiira ndi kabichi (zingayambitse kutsekula m'mimba);
• ufa ndi confectionery.

Phunzirani momwe mungasamalire kalulu wokongoletsa m'nyumba, kaya mutha kutsukidwa, kuthetsa fungo losasangalatsa la kalulu, momwe mungaphunzitsire kalulu kukongoletsa kuchimbudzi ndi manja.

Mbali yobereketsa nyama zinyama

Ngati mukukonzekera kubereka akalulu, ndiye mukusowa awiri (amuna ndi akazi). M'chaka chaka kalulu amatha kubereka ana kuyambira 6 mpaka 9. Mu zinyalala zingakhale za ana awiri mpaka 15. Zinyama zapakati pa msinkhu wosaposa miyezi isanu ndi iwiri komanso osapitirira zaka zitatu.

Pakubwera kusaka, khalidwe la kalulu limasintha. Amathyola ndipo amanjenjemera. Ndikofunika kudzala khola kwa mwamuna. Mimba ya kalulu imatha pafupi mwezi. Pa tsiku la 31 likupezeka okrol. Izi zisanachitike, chinyama chimamanga chisa cha ubweya wambiri. Ndibwino kuti kalulu athandize anawo, koma izi sizili choncho nthawi zonse. Nthawi zina mumadyetsa akalulu kuchokera ku sitiroko popanda singano (mkaka wovomerezeka ndi woyenera ana).

Ana amamwa mkaka wa amayi mpaka zaka 18-20. Pa nthawiyi, mkazi ayenera kulandira zakudya zabwino komanso madzi okwanira. Kuyambira masiku 20, akalulu amasamutsidwa ku chakudya cha "wamkulu". Kwa miyezi inayi, makanda amafika kukula kwa akulu, ndipo pakutha miyezi 8 amasiya kukula.

Ndikofunikira! Popanda madzi, kalulu akhoza kudya ana.

Ataganiza zoyambitsa kalulu wokongola wa Dutch, phunzirani zonse zofunika zokhudzana ndi kukonza ndi kudyetsa. Tikukhulupirira kuti nkhani yathu idzakuthandizani ndi izi.

Dutch kalulu yokongoletsera: kanema