Anthu okhala m'madera otentha a Latin America - Gloxinia mwaufulu amabzala zomera. Mitengo yatsopano ingapezeke ku tsinde, masamba ndi tsinde, mbali za tsamba, ndi mitundu ina - ngakhale kuchokera ku peduncle. Kuphatikiza apo, gloxinia imafalitsidwa pogawaniza tuber ndi mbeu, zomwe zingapezeke ndi pollination muzikhala mu chipinda kapena kugula.
Mbewu
Kuti ikule Gloxinia kuchokera kumbewu kunyumba, nthawi yochita maluwa ikufunika kuti imere mungu mmwamba pogwiritsa ntchito burashi yofewa. Ngati kupukuta kwabwino kunapindula, atatha kuphulika kwa zipatso zamtundu wobiriwira, yomwe imatha pafupifupi miyezi itatu kukhala bokosi louma.
Nthanga zazing'ono zopanda fumbi zimabzala mosayenera, zimachokera pamagulu angapo. Kuyamera kumapitirira zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu.
Zogulitsa alipo mbewu za mitundu yosiyanasiyana gloxinia, akaidi, pofuna kukhala kosavuta kufesa ndi kuyambirira kumera, mu shell granules.
Kufesa mbewu za Gloxinia mu January, February, March pamwamba pa dothi lonyowa nthaka kusakaniza (pepala nthaka ndi mchenga) ndi kuphimba ndi pulasitiki.
Mphepo, imitsani madzi ndi kusungira malo ozizira (kutentha kwambiri - 24-26 ºї). Akuwombera kuonekera pafupi mu masabata awiri.
Ngati kufesa kwafalikira, mbande zakhala pansi pamtunda wa masamba a cotyledon, pamtunda wa masentimita awiri kuchokera mzake.
Pakadutsa tsamba limodzi kapena awiri a masamba enieni, achinyamata a gloxinia amachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono ku "wowonjezera kutentha" ndikuwongolera miphika yaing'ono ya "cactus" kuti apitirize kukula.
Mitengo yatsopano yopezeka ku mbewu pachimake za pambuyo pa miyezi isanu ndi iwiri.
Kudula mitengo
Kotuta phesi kuchokera kwakukulubwino kwambiri masamba a m'munsi mwake: Dulani tsamba ndi tsinde la masentimita 1. Kuposa thicker petiolendi zimenezo chiguduli chachikulu chomwe chinapangidwa kuchokera mmenemo.
Dulani tsamba lingathe kusanakopozizira kulowa mmadzi petiole yekha. Pamene madzi akumwa amayenera kutuluka. Mizu imapangidwa mkati mwa masabata aŵiri, kenako tsamba la masamba limabzalidwa mumdima, lotayirira.
Mungathe mwamsanga kudutsa madzi a mizu, kuti apite kudula masamba mu kusakaniza kwa nthaka, kuziyika mu chidutswa cha makala amakala. Pachifukwa ichi, phesi ili ndi filimu yamapulasitiki yowonongeka, yotsekemera, yothira komanso yosungidwa kutentha osati 22ºС. Monga lamulo Mizu imapangidwa mkati mwa masabata 2-3ndi kuti adziwe gloxinia ikhoza mu chaka chomwecho.
Ndi chithandizo cha kapepala
Zomera zozizira ngati zamoyo zimatha kuwukanso m'mabuku angapo ngakhale kuchokera pa pepala limodzi.
Kuti mukhale ndi gloxinia yatsopano motere, patukani tsamba lalikulu, zolemba tsamba lake lakuthwa kudutsa mitsempha yaikulu kuchokera pansi, ikani mbaliyi pamtunda wosakanizidwa, pezani ndi kuphimba ndi filimu ya pulasitiki.
Ndi hydration nthawi zonse. kutentha ndi kutentha kwa 22-25ºє m'malo opanga mawonekedwe amapanga mizu, ndiyeno mitsempha ya zomera zosadalira.
Mungathe kudula pepalalo mpaka zidutswa 2-3, aikeni mu nthaka yosavuta kusakaniza ndikuzika mizu mu pulasitiki hothouse pa kutentha komweko.
Peduncle
Mitundu ina ya gloxinium imabereka bwino kubereka. Wake kudula pambuyo pa maluwawo ndi kuchepetsa m'madzi mozama masentimita 1-1.5. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, peduncle sayenera kukhudza makoma a chotengeracho. Madzi amawonjezeredwa ngati n'kofunikira. Pasanathe mwezi, mizu ndi mitsempha imapangidwa, kenako tsogolo la Gloxinia limabzalidwa kuti likule.
Sopo wothandizira
Zikakhala kuti chomeracho chimapanga mbali zambiri zimachokaawo kudula ndi mizu komanso monga tsamba cuttings - Yoyambira m'madzi, kapena mwamsanga mu nthaka yosakaniza. Mphuno ya Gloxinia imamasula chaka chomwecho.
Kusiyana kwa Tuber
Ngati tuber anapanga mphukira zingapoake kudula mu zidutswa kotero kuti chidutswa chirichonse chimatha kuthawa. Zigawo zogwidwa ndi makala ophwanyika, zouma masiku 3-4 ndikubzala m'magawo osiyana.
Zomwe zimathandiza kuti achinyamata akule bwino
Zatsopano zatsopano, makamaka zomwe zimapezeka ku mbewu, m'nyengo yozizira yoyamba ikhoza kukula popanda nthawi yopumula. Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kusamalira mokwanira zinthu zowonjezera ndi mawonekedwe abwino a kuwala ndi kuunikira kwina.
Komabe, njira iyi yokhutira ndizosiyana ndi lamulo lomwe lonse gloxinia ali nalo nthawi ya chitukuko chogwira ntchito masamba ndi maluwa ambiri kuyambira March mpaka Oktobakusinthana ndi nthawi kupumula popanda masamba ndi mizu mkati mwa 3-4 miyezi.
Panthawi yotsala, gloxinia tuber iyenera kukhala pamalo amdima ndi kutentha kosachepera madigiri 10.
Mukadzuka - zikumera mu January-February-March, tuber imabzalidwa mumtunda watsopano, wosasunthika komanso wathanzi, kusungidwa pamalo ozizira popanda kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi kuthira mosamala m'mphepete mwa mphika kuti nthaka ikhale yonyowa, koma madzi si akusowa.
Mlengalenga kuzungulira chomeracho nthawi zonse imathiridwa kapena kuikidwa ndi mphika wa gloxinia pa thiresi ndi miyala yowonongeka.
Pakati pa nyengo yokula, chakudya cha mlungu ndi mlungu, kusinthanitsa feteleza ndi mineral feteleza (nayitrogeni, potaziyamu ndi phosphorus mofanana). Kumapeto kwa autumn, pamene masamba otsiriza amatembenukira chikasu ndi kufota, kuthirira kumayimitsidwa ndipo tubers amachotsedwa kuti asungidwe.
Choncho, zitsanzo zazing'ono zimapanga zitsanzo zomwe zimapereka moyo kwa mibadwo yatsopano ya zomera.
Ana otchuka a otentha - gloxinia, amamera ndi njira zonse zomwe zimapezeka kwa zomera ndipo, panthawi yomwe ali m'ndende, zimakhala zojambula zambirimbiri ndi masamba akuluakulu.
Chithunzi
Kenaka mudzawona chithunzi cha kuswana Gloxinia:
Zida zothandiza
M'munsimu muli mndandanda wa nkhani zomwe zingakuthandizeni:
- Bzalani Gloxinia
- Gloxinia pachimake
- Matenda ndi tizirombo Gloxinia
- Kodi mungasamalire bwanji Gloxinia m'nyengo yozizira?
- Mitundu ya Gloxinia
