Gloxinia ndi imodzi mwa zomera zotchuka kwambiri m'nyumba. Kutchuka komwe iye anapeza, choyamba, chifukwa cha kukongola kwake pachimake.
Ngakhale kuti duwalo silili lopanda phindu ndipo silikusowa zofunikira, chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kwa icho, ngakhale chitatha.
Gloxinia maluwa nthawi
Gloxinia imakhala ndi maluwa okongola komanso aatali, omwe amapezeka ali ndi zaka 3-4. Kawirikawiri kusamba kumakhala kuyambira April mpaka August. Koma masamba oyambirira a zomera akhoza kuyamba kubzala mu March, ndipo omalizira - mu October. Ntchito yogwira maluwa imapezeka mu May - June. 
Kuchuluka kwa maluwa kumakhudzidwa ndi zinthu monga ubwino wosamalira malo chikhalidwe komanso momwe zimakulira (kuwala, chinyezi ndi zizindikiro za kutentha). Kawirikawiri, masamba 20 amamangidwa pamtunda panthawi, ndipo chomera chimatha kupanga maluwa ambiri nthawi.
Ndikofunikira! Mbewu yoyamba imalimbikitsidwa kuti ichotsedwe kuti ipitirize kukwiyitsa maluwa ochuluka kwambiri.
Zizindikiro za nthawi yomwe ikuwerengedwa
Maluwa a gloxinia amalima okha, asiye axils a masamba. Mu mawonekedwe, iwo amafanana ndi mabelu. Chotsitsacho chimapangidwa kukhala chubu. Mtundu wa maluwa umadalira zosiyanasiyana. Makamaka ndi oyera, pinki, ofiira ndi ofiira. Nkhumba zikhoza kukhala zotentha kapena zosalala. 
Pa maluwa kuti chipinda chikhalidwe, muyenera kukonza zina. Choyamba, nkofunika kukwaniritsa chosowa chake cha kuwala, koma kuti tipewe kuwala kwa dzuwa kugwera pambali yoyenera. Ndi bwino kuyika duwa pawindo lawindo, moyang'anizana kumpoto. Komabe, yang'anani chikhalidwe chake. Ngati pali kusintha kosasintha pa maonekedwe a duwa, mwachitsanzo, mphukira imatengedwa, masamba sapangidwa, mcherewo umatha, ndiye umayenera kusunthira kumadzulo. Mukakulira kumwera kapena kumadzulo, mawonekedwe amafunika.
Werengani zambiri za momwe chisamaliro cha gloxinia chisamalirira kunyumba.
Chachiwiri, ndikofunikira kuyendetsa zizindikiro za kutentha m'chipinda. Iwo sayenera kupitirira + 28 ° C. Popeza kutentha kwakukulu kumakhudza kukula kwa mbewu, kumayambitsa kuyanika mwamsanga kwa maluwa ndi kusowa kwa masamba atsopano. 
Wosauka gloxinia amalekerera madontho otentha komanso ma drafts. Choncho, pakakuwombera muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti sichikuyenda pansi.
Ndikofunikira! M'nthawi ya maluwa ayenera kuchotsedwa m'nthawi yake mwangwiro yozizira maluwa mapesi. Izi zidzalola kuti masamba atsopano ayambe.Chachitatu, padzakhala koyenera kuyendetsa bwino komanso kudyetsa. Ndipotu, nthawi ya maluwa yomwe zomera zimasowa zakudya zambiri komanso mphamvu. Kuthirira pa nthawiyi kuyenera kukhala wochuluka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito madzi osungirako okhazikika. Kuyenera kupopera mbewu, koma osati ziwalo za pansi pa duwa, ndi malo ozungulira. Chifukwa pamene mpweya uli wouma kwambiri, masambawo amauma ndipo samatseguka.
Gloxinia imadyetsedwa kuchokera pa April kufika kumayambiriro a August 1 nthawi mu masiku asanu ndi awiri. Gwiritsani ntchito feteleza makamaka zomwe zimapangidwira maluwa a m'nyumbamo, posankha mankhwala ndi potassium ndi phosphorous komanso osakanizidwa ndi nayitrogeni. Manyowa amafunika kugwiritsidwa ntchito ku dothi loyambirira, kuti asayambe kupsa muzu.Chochita ndi momwe mungasamalire maluwa atapita maluwa?
Pambuyo maluwa oyambirira, omwe amatha m'nyengo yachilimwe, gloxinia imatulutsanso masamba, pafupi ndi nthawi ya autumn. Nthawi yachiwiri pa chomeracho amapanga maluwa ochepa kuposa oyamba. Komanso, iwo amasintha mofulumira. Kumapeto kwa kukonzanso maluwa ku Gloxinia, nthawi yopumula. Maluwa ayenera kukonzekera, kutanthauza kuti, kudula, kusintha madzi okwanira, kusamukira m'chipinda chozizira.
Mukudziwa? Gloxinia amatchulidwa dzina la German botanist, Benjamin Peter Gloksin, yemwe anayamba kufotokoza izo m'zaka za zana la 18. Dzina lachiwiri - sinningia - Flower inalandira mu 1825 kuchokera mayina a mkulu wa botanist wa yunivesite ya Bonn, Wilhelm Sinning.
Kudulira
Pambuyo maluwa, yomwe idatha m'nyengo yozizira (mu June - July), chomera chiyenera kudulidwa. Ndi pruner wochulukitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena lumo, chotsani mapepala apamwamba pamodzi ndi tsinde. Pa phesi lalifupi, achoka angapo m'munsi masamba.
Kenaka, muyenera kudyetsa chomeracho ndi kukula kokometsera, mwachitsanzo, "Appin", "Zircon". Pamene amapereka ana opeza m'mapepala otsala, ayenera kuchotsedwa, kusiya atatu okhawo amphamvu kwambiri. Mitengo yowonongeka ndi yoyenera kubereka maluwa.
Pambuyo kudulira, gloxinia ayenera kudyetsedwa ndi zovuta mchere feteleza. Pasanapite nthawi yodyetsa, iyenera kuphulika kachiwiri.
Pambuyo maluwa, gawo la nthaka liyenera kufa mwachibadwa. Tuber adzapita kukagona ndipo sadzalidyanso. Kuyambira cha 20 Oktoba, gawo lonse louma nthaka liyenera kuchotsedwa, kusiya chitsa chosadutse 1-2 cm mu msinkhu.
Feteleza
Pambuyo maluwa onse, pafupifupi mu September, chomeracho chiyenera kuberekedwa nthawi yotsiriza mu nyengo. Panthawiyi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wamchere, kuphatikizapo nayitrogeni. Izi zikhoza kukhala monga potaziyamu monophosphate. Mavitrogeni m'nthawi imeneyi ndi owopsa ku chipinda chamtundu, chifukwa amachititsa kukula ndi kumanga maluwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sizingalole kuti maluwawo apumule.
Mukudziwa? Zimakhulupirira kuti zizindikiro za zodiac zili zoyenera osati miyala yeniyeni ndi zinthu zina, komanso za zomera zamkati. Malingana ndi maluwa a nyenyezi, Gloxinia iyenera kukhala wamkulu Taurus kuti ikhale yolimba muzinthu zakuthupi.
Kusamba madzi
Pofuna kusintha kusintha kwa maluwa "mpaka nyengo yozizira", m'pofunika kuchepetsa nambala ndi kuchuluka kwa ulimi wothirira kwa nthawi 1 masabata awiri. Pambuyo pochepetsera gawo la pansi, chodziwika bwino chiyenera kuchitidwa kwa milungu ina 2-3. M'tsogolomu, mukufunikira 1 hydration mu miyezi iwiri. Bwezerani boma lakale la kuthirira lidzafunika mu February, pamene chomera chidzuka pambuyo pa hibernation ndikuyamba kukula. 
Kuthirira kumachitidwa ndi madzi otentha amphepete, kukhazikika kwa masiku 1-2.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuphunzira momwe mungagwirire ndi tizirombo ndi matenda a gloxinia.
N'chifukwa chiyani gloxinia sichimasintha?
Tsoka ilo, amaluwa ena akukumana ndi kuti gloxinia imasiya kufalikira. Izi zikhoza kuyambitsa zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kulakwa kwa mwini wake wa duwa:
- Kuwonjezera pa nthaka ndi nayitrogeni. Izi zimachitika ngati maluwawo akudyetsedwa ndi feteleza, ndi zolemba zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi nthawi ya kukula kwake. Choncho, nitrojeni zowonjezerapo ndizofunikira kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokula, isanakwane maluwa. Pamasulidwe maluwa ndipo kenako amangovulaza. Pa nthawi ino phosphate ndi feteleza feteleza ndizofunika.
- Kuwala kokwanira. Pofuna kubzala masamba ndi kupanga maluwa ndi maluwa okongola, chomeracho chimafunika kuunikira kokwanira ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa. Nthawi yokwanira ya maola masana ndi 10-12 maora. Ngati masana gloxinia sali okwanira, muyenera kukonza kuunikira kwina.
- Chophika cholakwika. Kwa gloxinia, malo otsika ndi apamwamba omwe ali ndi mamita 9-15 masentimita ndi ofunikira. Mu chidebe chokwanira kwambiri, chomeracho chimaponyera mphamvu zake zonse pa chitukuko cholimba cha tuber, ndi kukula kwa gawo la nthaka ndi maluwa akuvutika.
- Kutalika kwa nthawi yaitali. Gloxinia iyenera kubzalidwa pachaka. Ngati izi sizitheka, nthaka idzatha, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zomera sizidzatha kutenga zofunikira kuti apangidwe masamba.
- Kufika pamalo olakwika. Kuti zitheke kukula ndi kukula kwa chikhalidwe cha chipindachi chikhoza kungobzalidwa mu nthaka, zowonongeka, zouma komanso zowonongeka. Zitha kugulidwa pa sitolo yapadera kapena yosakanikirana ndi mtengo wolimba (gawo limodzi), peat (1 mbali), mchenga (0,5 mbali), humus (gawo limodzi), utuchi. Mitengo yomwe nthaka imalimbikitsa ndi 5.5-6.5 pH.
- Mavuto ndi chisamaliro m'nyengo yozizira. Musanyalanyaze malangizowo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa zikhalidwe ndi chisamaliro pa nthawi imene mbewuyo "ikugona." Kumbukirani kuti kuyambira mu October, m'pofunika kudula gawo la pansi, kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha madzi ndi kusuntha mphika ku chipinda chakuda ndi zizindikiro za kutentha + 12 ... 15 ° ะก. Ndiletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza.
Video: Bwanji osasintha gloxinia
Choncho, kuti gloxinia chaka chilichonse chikondwere ndi maluwa owala, okongola komanso othaka, amafunika kusamalidwa, kuphatikizapo kukhazikitsidwa kwa nyengo yozizira.
