Schlumbergera Zigokaktus - maluwa oyambirira a mkati, omwe amadziwika kuti Decembrist kapena Mtengo wa Khirisimasi, ndi woimira nkhalango cacti, yomwe panyumba imakondwera ndi nthawi yambiri komanso yamaluwa m'nyengo yozizira. Komabe, chikole cha chomera chabwino chimaonedwa kuti n'choyenera komanso choyenera. Kodi ndi chiyani, ndi momwe tingachitire bwino, tiyeni tione.
Kodi ndikutani?
The Decembrist imatchula zomera zowonjezereka zomwe zimafuna kuikidwa nthawi zonse. Kufunika kwa njira zoterezi kumatsimikiziridwa ndi zifukwa zingapo:
- Kubzala maluwa atagula. Akatswiri amavomereza kuti makope ogulidwawo amawamasulira mwamsanga mu chidebe chatsopano ndi gawo latsopano. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa mbewu zomwe ziri mu masitolo ogulitsa maluwa pa peat nthaka, zomwe sizili zoyenera kuti kulima kwamuyaya m'nyumba. Ngati simukunyalanyaza ndondomeko yotsekera, chomeracho chimayamba kuchepa ndipo posachedwa chingamwalire.
- Kukhalapo kwa mizu yomwe imayang'ana kunja kwa mabowo. Kuyang'ana kuchokera ku mizu ya mphika kumasonyeza kuti chomeracho chadzaza kwathunthu chidebe chakale ndipo ndi nthawi yosintha kwa wina, ndi lalikulu mwake.
Mtengo wa Khirisimasi wa zaka zoposa zitatu umapachikidwa nthawi zonse zaka 3-4, pogwiritsa ntchito kukopera ndi mphamvu ya 2 cm kuposa m'mimba mwake. Chomera chochepa chimafunika kubzala chaka chilichonse.
Tikulimbikitsidwa kutengera zygocactus mu chidebe chatsopano kumapeto kwa February kapena kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March, pamene zatha. Panthawiyi, chomera chimayamba kuwonjezereka kwambiri kubiriwira, ndipo njira zoterezi zidzalekerera mosavuta. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, duwa lidzatha kupanga magulu atsopano ndi masamba ndikukonzekera bwino nyengo yozizira.
Mukudziwa? Chiwerengero chachikulu chidzagwirizanitsidwa ndi Decembrist, yomwe imakhala yamaluwa nthawi yake - ikadzaphuka mu December, ndiye chaka chamawa chidzakondwera ndi kupambana, ubwino udzafika ku banja, chisoni ndi mavuto zidzachoka.
Momwe mungasinthire Decembrist mu mphika wina
Sayansi yamakono yopititsa Decembrist ku mphika watsopano si yosiyana kwambiri ndi yachikale yopititsa patsogolo, ngakhale ili ndi zodziwika.
Nthawi ingapangidwe
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kuika maluŵa a Khirisimasi kumafunika pa milandu ikuluikulu iwiri: atagula pa duka la maluwa ndi pamaso pa mizu yowonongeka kuchokera ku mabowo. Nthawi zambiri, kuika mwadzidzidzi kungakhale kofunikira chifukwa cha chitukuko cha matenda. 
Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiyambe kukulitsa zochitika mwamsanga mutatha maluwa - mu masabata omaliza a February kapena kumayambiriro kwa March. Panthawiyi, gawo lopangidwa ndi pottoka latsirizidwa ndipo zingakhale zothandiza kuti likhale labwino. Akatswiri samalangiza kusokoneza chikhalidwe cha miyezi yina, popeza kuika munthu wotchedwa Decembrist mu kugwa kapena chilimwe kungawononge kugwa kwa masamba ndi kusowa kwathunthu maluwa mu December.
Mu mphika uti
Pogwiritsa ntchito mphika, m'pofunika kukumbukira kuti duwa ndi la epiphytes ndipo silipanga mizu yambiri. Chomeracho chimapanga mizu yonyansa, yomwe sichitha kufika pansi pa thanki. Pa chifukwa ichi, wina ayenera kusankha chosakanika, koma osati chachikulu, mphika, womwe ndi 2-3 masentimita oposa kuposa wakale. Zolemba zambiri zidzathandiza kuti chitukuko cha mizu chisamangidwe komanso kulepheretsa njira yopangira masamba.
Ndikofunikira! Kuika chomera ndikumangika kwakukulu, kotero mwamsanga mutangomaliza kukhazikitsidwa kumafunika kukhazikitsa zinthu zabwino.
Njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera idzakhalire ndi:
- zojambula kapena dothi;
- galasi;
- mtengo;
- pulasitiki.
Kusankha dothi ndi kukonzekera
Rozhdestvennik ndi woimira epiphytic zomera omwe ali ndi mizu yapamwamba, yomwe malo ake okhalapo ndi otentha. Ichi ndichifukwa chake gawo losalala, lotayirira lokhala ndi pH mlingo wa pH kuchokera 6.5 mpaka 7.0 ndipo zakudya zamtunduwu zimasankhidwa.
Phunzirani zambiri za momwe mungamere ndikumusamalira wotchedwa Decembrist pakhomo.
N'zotheka kugula dothi lapadera lodzala duwa lopangidwa ndi cacti, kapena kukonzekera nthaka kusakaniza nokha panyumba kuchokera:
- tsamba lapansi - magawo 6;
- nthaka - gawo limodzi;
- humus - magawo 4;
- peat - magawo awiri;
- mchenga wa mtsinje - magawo awiri;
- wosweka - makala 10%;
- Njerwa yosweka kapena dongo lapansi - 10%.
Gwero la zakudya mu gawo ili ndi sod ndi tsamba lapansi. Makala amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti asakanizenso kusakaniza, ndipo dothi kapena njerwa zowonjezera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga madzi ndi kupuma bwino.Ndikofunikira! Zolinga za nthaka yabwino kwa zygokaktus ndizosavuta komanso zabwino.
Dothi lopangidwa ndi nyumba likuyenera kuti liziziritsidwa, zomwe zingakhoze kuchitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo zosavuta:
- Kutentha dziko lapansi kwa mphindi 15-20 mu uvuni ku 180 ° C;
- kutsanulira gawoli sili loyikira kwambiri njira ya potaziyamu permanganate ndipo yowuma bwino;
- Konzani nthaka tsiku limodzi mufiriji.
Kusamba
Kukonzekera kwa wosanjikiza wazitsulo pomanga chomera n'kofunikira. Mitsuko iyenera kutenga 1/3 ya mphika wokwanira. Monga chinthu chokhazikitsa madzi osanjikiza, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njerwa za njerwa, dongo lokongola, miyala ya mitsinje, miyala yowonongeka, ndi zina zotero. 
Ngati zipangizo zogwiritsa ntchito mumsewu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ziyenera kuwerengedwera mu uvuni kwa mphindi zingapo kuti zitha kuwononga zizindikiro za matenda osiyana siyana. Kukhalapo kwa ngalande kumateteza kusamba kwa madzi mumphika, kuonjezera kupuma kwa nthaka ndipo potero kumateteza mizu ya maluwa kuti iwonongeke.
Zida za ntchito
Pakugwiritsira ntchito Decembrist, zida ndi zida zotsatirazi zidzafunika:
- mpeni wamphamvu;
- mapepala angapo akale;
- mphamvu yokonzanso;
- magolovesi a raba kuteteza manja anu.
Ndikofunikira! M'dzinja, maluwa asanayambe maluwa, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kupatsa mbewuzo ndi njira yothetsera fungicides kuti iteteze ku zotsatirapo zoipa za bowa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Ndondomeko ya ndondomeko
Zygocactus zowonjezera zitsulo sizili zovuta makamaka, koma zimafuna kuti zolondola ndi zosokoneza.
Njirayi ikuphatikizapo kuchita zosavuta:
- Mzere wothira umadzaza chidebe chokonzekera kale, chomwe ndi 1/3 cha danga lonse la mphika.
- Pamwamba pa chingwe cha madzi, gawo lapansi ladzaza ndi kutalika kwa osachepera 1 masentimita, lopangidwa.
- Falikira pansi pamagulu angapo a nyuzipepalayi.
- Kuchokera mumphika wakale, kumasula nthaka mozungulira ndi mpeni, mosamala, pogwiritsira ntchito njira yosinthira, kutulutsa chomeracho, kuziika pamanyuzipepala.
- Mzuwu umatsukidwa ku gawo lakale, pamene kuchotsa nthaka yokhayo yogawanika mosavuta.
- Chitani maonekedwe a mizu, ngati n'koyenera, kuchotsani mizu youma, yovunda, yofooka kapena yoonongeka.
- Chomeracho chimayikidwa mu chidebe chatsopano, chowaza mosamalitsa ndi gawo lapansi.
- Nthaka imapangidwira pang'ono, pamwamba pamadzi.
- Pambuyo pake, duwa limatsimikizika ku malo osatha a kukula.
Video: Kujambula kwa Decembrist
Kusamalanso kwina
Kupambana kwa kuikidwa kwa Decembrist kudzadalira kwambiri kuonetsetsa kuti maluwawo akusamalira, zomwe zikutsatira malamulo ofunikira:
- Malo ndi kutentha. Mwamsanga mutatha kusamba chikhalidwe amafunikira mpumulo ndi kupumula. Pa nthawiyi, m'pofunika kusungirako kutentha m'chipinda cha chidziwitso cha 13 ... + 15 ° С, madzi ngati n'kofunika, kusiya zonse kuvala. Ulamulirowu uyenera kuwonetsedwa kwa mwezi umodzi mpaka maluwawo atasinthidwa kuti zikhale zatsopano. Kenaka, mphika womwe uli ndi zigocactus umalimbikitsidwa kuti uikidwe mu penumbra, komwe kulibe dzuwa ndi dzuwa. Kum'mwera kapena kum'mwera chakumadzulo sikuli koyenera kwa iye. Njira yabwino idzakhala mawindo kummawa. Mutha kuyika chomeracho pamalo okongola, ndi kuwala, koma kutetezedwa ku dzuwa. Ponena za kutentha kwa maluwa, duwa limagwirizana kwambiri ndi kutentha kwakati mkati mwa 18 ... + 25 ° С. Pa nthawi yopuma isanakwane komanso pambuyo pake, zizindikiro zikulimbikitsidwa kuti zichepetseke kufika 12+ + 16 ° С. Onani kuti nyengo yabwino ya mtengo wa Khirisimasi ndi ya 16 ... + 18 ° C.
- Kuthirira Mitengo ya decembrist moistening idzatsimikiziridwa ndi nthawi ya zomera zake. Pa yogwira maluwa, chomera makamaka chikusowa chinyezi, choncho chimafuna kawirikawiri kuthirira madzi okwanira. Panthawi imodzimodziyo ndi kofunika kuonetsetsa kuti nthaka imakhala yonyowa pang'ono. Pambuyo maluwa, mtengo wa Khirisimasi umatenthedwa nthawi zonse, poyang'ana mkhalidwe wa nthaka - kumtunda kwake kumatentha pafupifupi 2 masentimita. Kuyeza kwa ulimi kumaphatikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito madzi osungunuka, otentha pa firiji.
- Chinyezi Zigokaktus amasankha mvula yambiri, choncho ngati mpweya uli wouma, amafunika kukonza kupopera mankhwala ndi madzi ofunda. M'chilimwe mungathe kukonza maluwa kapena kuika mphika mu poto ndi madzi.
- Kudyetsa. Pakati pa chitukuko, chomeracho chikusowa chakudya choyenera, momwe khalidwe lililonse la mchere lomwe limapangidwira kuti likhale ndi masamba okongoletsera ndiloyenera. M'chaka, feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pa mwezi, m'chilimwe - 2 pa mwezi. M'dzinja, musanayambe mapangidwe a masamba, akulangizidwa kuti asiye kudyetsa.
Ndikofunikira! Musadzaze mphika ndi nthaka kumbali. Pambuyo kuthirira, madzi atalowa, nthaka idzakhala pansi ndipo mukhoza kuikamo.
Mayankho kwa mafunso osuta
Pakukula kwa Decembrist, kuyambira alimi amaluwa nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana okhudzana ndi kuika, kuswana, ndi kuwasamalira. Pofuna kupewa zolakwa, akatswiri amalangiza kutsatira malamulo angapo ofunika.
Kodi ndikufunika kubwezeretsanso mutagula
Chomera chomwe chinagulidwa ku shopu la maluwa chiyenera kusamutsidwa ku chidebe chatsopano chotsitsiratu chotsitsa cha substrate. Zoona zake n'zakuti m'masitolo apadera Decembrist wabzalidwa mu peat osakaniza, omwe si oyenera kuti kulima maluwa pakhomo. Dothi lakugula ndiloyenera kuswana. Ngati simukunyalanyaza kupatsa, mtengo wa Khirisimasi udzayankha ndi kuwuma, kusiya masamba ndi kusowa kwathunthu kwa maluwa. 
Kodi n'zotheka kubwezeretsanso Demembrist
Mtengo wa Khirisimasi wamaluwa umasokoneza ngakhale pang'ono kusintha kwa chilengedwe, chifukwa chake sizingavomerezedwe kuti uzichizira pa nthawi ya maluwa. Akatswiri samalangizanso kuti mbewu izi zisokoneze masabata angapo musanayambe maluwa, chifukwa zimatenga nthawi kuti zisinthe, zomwe zingasokoneze mapangidwe a masamba. Ngati mwadzidzidzi amaloledwa kubzala mbeu 2 miyezi isanayambe.
Phunzirani zambiri za mapepala othandizira kusamalira maluwa a Decembrist kunyumba.
Momwe mungagawire chomera
N'zosavuta kugawa mtengo wa Khirisimasi, ngakhale maluwa osadziŵa zambiri amatha kulimbana ndi izi. Kukhazikitsidwa kumayendedwe mwamsanga mutangomaliza maluwa. Kuti muchite izi, panthawi yomwe zigawo zatsopano zikuyamba kukula, sungani zidutswa za cuttings, zomwe zinapanga magawo awiri a masamba, mosamala.
Dziwani kuti izi zimapangidwa pambuyo pa chaka chilichonse. Kwa rooting, amaika m'madzi kapena gawo lokonzekera kale, iwo amapanga wowonjezera kutentha. Patatha mwezi umodzi, mdulidwewo umakhala wolimba kwambiri ndipo umatha kuikidwa mu chidebe chosiyana. Pakuti mbande ndi zofunika kwambiri kuteteza kutentha kwa 25 ° C ndi msinkhu wokwanira wa chinyezi. 
Chifukwa chake chomeracho sichitha mizu
Zifukwa zomwe a Decembrist amatha kuziika sizinayambike kapena sizingakhale mizu ayi:
- gawo losasankhidwa;
- Kuwonongeka kwa mizu panthawi yopatsira;
- Kutentha kwa nthaka, nthaka yambiri yomwe imayambira;
- kutentha kwakukulu mu chipinda;
- kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha komwe mbewu imayamba kukhetsa masamba;
- kusowa kwa zakudya zofunikira kuti chitukuko chonse chikule;
- Kupsinjika kwa mdulidwe komwe kumakhudzana ndi vuto losalekeza lofunikira;
- matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zomwe zimachotsa mphamvu ya zomera;
- Sinthani mutatha kuika.
Mukudziwa? Kale, iwo ankakhulupirira kuti mtengo wa Khirisimasi unali ndi malo apadera odzaza mitima ya anthu owopsya ndi achiwawa omwe ali ndi chikondi ndi chifundo. Anakula kwambiri kuti "asungunuke" mtima wozizira kwambiri.
Popereka chisamaliro choyenera ndi choyenera pa nthawi yake, ndizotheka kukwaniritsa maluwawa ndi maluwa ambiri m'nyengo yozizira. Kukula duwa sikovuta kwambiri, koma kuti chitukuko cha zygocactus chikhale chonchi ndikulimbikitsidwa kuganizira njira zazikulu za moyo wake.
