Momwe mungabzalitsire gloxinia

Gloxinia - malo opangira nyumba ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri. Kuti ukhale wokongola, nthawi zonse zimakhala zofunikira. Pezani chitsamba chatsopano m'njira zingapo. Zithunzi za njira iliyonse zifotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane.

Zamkatimu:

• Kusankha kwa pot
• Kusankha dothi ndi kukonzekera
• Kusamba
• Momwe mungabzalitsire gloxinia
• Tuber
• Mbewu
• Leaf
• Kusamalanso kwina
• Accommodation
• Kutentha kwa mpweya ndi chinyezi
• Kuthirira
• Kupaka pamwamba
• Nthawi yopumula

Njira zoyambirira

Musanabzala, muyenera kukonzekera bwino nthaka ndi kusankha potani yomwe imayenera kudzala gloxinia.

Kusankha kwa pot

Chomera ichi chili ndi zinthu zina zilizonse. Gloxinia safuna chidebe chachikulu. Muyenera kuganizira kukula kwa tuber, ndipo kutalika kwa mphika sikuyenera kupitilirapo kuposa masentimita asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu (5-6 cm). Poto yaikulu idzapangitsa mdima ndi mizu yobiriwira, ndipo maluwa idzachitika patapita nthawi. Kawirikawiri, zomera zazing'ono zimagwirizana ndi miphika ndi mamita 7 mpaka 7, ndipo masentimita 11 mpaka 15 adzakwanira zitsanzo za anthu akuluakulu. Kubzala kochepa ndi kochepa ndipo gawo la pansi pa mphika lidzaza ndi madzi, kotero mutha kutenga mphamvu zochepa.

Kusankha dothi ndi kukonzekera

Zomwe zimadalira nthaka ndi izi:

• zakudya;
• kusokonezeka ndi kuunika;
• chinyezi ndi kupuma.

Kuti mukhale ndi duwa, mutha kugula nthaka yosakaniza yokonzera poizoni, komwe mungapange biohumus (250 g pa 1 kg ya nthaka) ndi vermiculite pang'ono.

Mukudziwa? Gloxinia ndi zomera zomwe sizili poizoni ndipo ziri zotetezeka kwa ana ndi ziweto.

Pofuna kudzikonzekeretsa zotsatirazi zikulimbikitsidwa:

• pa mbali imodzi ya nkhuni ndi masamba, mchenga wa humus ndi mtsinje;
• Mbali zitatu za nthaka ya masamba ndi peat mbali ziwiri za mchenga.

Nthaka yokonzedwa iyenera kukhala yotetezedwa mwachisawawa, mwachitsanzo, ndi yankho kuchokera ku ampoule wa "Maxim" mu 2 malita a madzi.

Kusamba

Gloxinia sakonda waterlogging, zomwe zingabweretse ku tubers. Mzere wosanjikiza udzateteza chitetezo chotheka.

Pansi pa mphika muike zowonjezera zowonjezera (zosankha):

• dothi lowonjezera;
• chidutswa;
• zidutswa za thovu.

Kutayira kwa wosanjikiza kwa madzi kungakhale kuyambira 1 mpaka 3 cm, malingana ndi mphika wosankhidwa.

Phunzirani zambiri za chisamaliro cha maluwa a gloxinia kunyumba.

Momwe mungabzalitsire gloxinia

Anaganiziranso njira zingapo za kubzala mbewu zomwe zimaganiziridwa. Nthawi yomweyo kubzala mbewu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poswana kapena mitundu yapadera, ndi njira yosavuta kupeza maluwa atsopano kuchokera ku tsamba.

Tuber

Gloxinia amafunika kuika pokhapokha patatha nthawi yochepa. Chizindikiro cha kuikiranso chidzaphuka pamwamba pa zomwe zimachitika kumayambiriro kwa masika.

Kukonzekera kwa tuber ndi njira zotsatirazi:

1. Kuchotsa tuber, kudulira mizu yakale ndi kusamba ndi madzi. Kutembenuka kapena kuonongeka kumadulidwa ndi tsamba loyera ndi ufa ndi mafuta a malasha.
2. Pofuna kupewa, mungathe kuika tuber kwa mphindi 30 mu njira ya "Fitosporina". Musanadzalemo, iyenera kuuma mkati mwa maola 24.
3. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiyenera kukhala olimba komanso ophweka, ngati mbatata. Kuti mubwezeretse kuumitsa ku chiwonetsero choyipa, chiyenera kuchitchera mchenga wouma kapena vermiculite kwa masiku atatu.

Ndikofunikira! Mukamabzala muyenera kutsimikiza kuti mbeuyo ikumera. Ngati tuber ilibe maso, imayang'ana mbali ya pamwamba, pomwe pansi pake nthawi zonse imakhala yosalala.

Kufika kumapangidwa motere:

1. Ndikofunika kudziwa momwe chifuwacho chiyenera kukhalira pansi. Imayikidwa mu mphika yomwe ili ndi nthaka ndi magawo awiri mwa magawo atatu, ndikusiya pamwamba kutseguka.
2. Sungunulani nthaka, pewani chinyezi molunjika pa tuber.
3. Chophimbacho chatsekedwa ndi thumba lowonetsetsa kapena kapu ya galasi, kupanga mtundu wa wowonjezera kutentha, ndi kuikidwa pamalo otentha otentha.
4. Kamodzi pa tsiku, mphika umakhala mpweya wabwino kwa mphindi 20.

Video: momwe mungabzalitsire gloxinia tuber

Pamene gloxinia imapanga masamba awiri oyambirira, malo ogona amatha usiku wonse, ndipo patapita masiku asanu zomera zimatsegulidwa patsiku. Pa nthawi yomweyi, lembani pansi kuti tuber ikhale ndi masentimita 1 cm.

Mbewu

Mbewu za Gloxinia ndizochepa. Amafesedwa mchenga m'mitsuko yaing'ono kapena mapulasitiki. Ngati muli ndi kuwonjezera kwina kwa mbande, mukhoza kuyamba kufesa mu November, koma nthawi yofesa nthawi ndi January, February kapena March. Otsatsa ena amapanga mankhwala opangira mbewu, amawawombera muzitsamba zowonjezera, malinga ndi malangizo.

Mukudziwa? Pofuna kupeza mbewu, gloxinia ndi mungu wochokera ku burashi, kutulutsa mungu kuchokera ku stamens kupita ku pistil. Pa kalasi iliyonse, gwiritsani ntchito burashi wosiyana kuti musapeze wosakanizidwa wosafunika.

Mbewu yothira mchenga imafesedwa motere:

1. Nthaka mu chidebe iyenera kukhala yothira pasadakhale.
2. Nkhumba zomwe zimagawidwa pamwamba pa nthaka zimagwedezeka.
3. Kubzala chodzala ndi galasi kapena filimu yoyera ndikuyikidwa pamalo owala.

Kutentha kwakukulu kwa kumera ndi 24 ° C (osati pansipa + 18 ° C). Zikakhala choncho, mphukira zoyamba zikhoza kuoneka mkati mwa masabata angapo, ndipo zina zingatenge pafupifupi mwezi. Kufesa kumafunikila tsiku lililonse kwa mphindi 30. Mwapang'onopang'ono akuwombera wothira kuthirira kapena kupisa poto. Pamene masamba awiri amamera, amathanso kachitidwe ka 2 × 2 masentimita, ndipo amaikamo miphika yosiyana ndi mamita 6 masentimita pambuyo pa 2 masamba enieni awoneka.

Kutentha kwakukulu kwa mbande zazing'ono pa malo osankha ndi 20 ° C. Kukula kwotsatira kumapangidwa mu miyezi itatu, ndipo maluwa akhoza kuyamba mu miyezi 4-5. Mitengo yoyamba ya gloxinia yomwe imakula kuchokera ku mbewu iyenera kuchotsedwa. Mukhoza kusiya mphukira imodzi kuti muone maluwa osiyanasiyana. M'chaka choyamba, chomeracho sichisowa mpumulo, ndipo m'chakachi chimadulidwa, kusiya masamba angapo.

Video: momwe mungamerekere gloxinia ku mbewu

Leaf

Ngati zosiyana zimalola, kubzala ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yobereketsera. Mitundu ina, monga Tigrina Pink, ili ndi tsamba lomwe limatha kuchepa mofulumira m'madzi. Kuwonjezeka kwa masamba kumachitika m'nyengo yachilimwe (June - July). Mizu yofulumira imapangidwira pamagulu ang'onoang'ono, choncho zikuluzikulu nthawi zambiri zimagawidwa m'magulu. Kuphatikizidwa kumapangidwa kufanana ndi mitsempha yopingasa ndi chida chakuthwa. Sikuti petioles yokha imatha mizu, komanso mbali zina za masamba.

Werenganinso za zochitika za chisamaliro ndi kubereka kwa gloxinia kunyumba.

Zotsatira za ntchito ndi izi:

1. Tsamba limadulidwa ndi petiole ndikuyika mu chidebe ndi madzi, ndikudikira mapangidwe a mizu.
2. Tsamba lokhala ndi muzu limabzalidwa m'nthaka yokonzedwa bwino, ndiphimbidwa ndi mtsuko wa galasi, popanda kugwira m'mphepete mwa chipepalacho. Mukhoza kubzala pepala mu mini-wowonjezera kutentha. Zomera zimasiyidwa m'malo ozizira ndi ofunda.
3. Njira yabwino yothirira ulimi ndi kupyolera mu phokoso, panthawiyi tuber imapangidwira mofulumira.
4. Pambuyo pa masamba atsopano, wowonjezera kutentha amawombera, ndipo pamene masamba achinayi akukula, gloxinia imachotsedwa ku wowonjezera kutentha.

Kuwombera kwa pepala kumatha kuchitika mumadzi apadera a hydrogel apadera, omwe ali ndi zowonjezera ndi kukula kokondweretsa. Imaikidwa mu mtsuko wa galasi ndipo phesi la masamba limatumizidwa kumeneko.

Video: momwe mungamere tsamba la Gloxinia

Kusamalanso kwina

Gloxinia - chomera chokhala ndi nthawi yopuma, ndipo kulima kwake kumaphatikizapo kukwaniritsidwa kwa zikhalidwe zina.

Accommodation

Maluwa omwe akuwerengedwa amafuna kuwala kowala ndi masana kwa maola 12-14. Chizindikiro cha kuwala kokwanira ndi njira yopingasa ya masamba, ndipo ngati masamba ndi tsinde amachotsedwa, ndiye kuti alibe kuwala.

Mudzakhala ndi chidwi chophunzira momwe mungasamalire gloxinia mutatha maluwa.

Pa nthawi yomweyi, kuwala kwa dzuwa kumayambitsa mawanga ndi kutentha pamasamba. Malo abwino kwambiri a gloxinia adzakhala awindo lakumwera ndi shading mu gawo loyamba la nyengo yokula, ndipo pambuyo pa kuyamba kwa maluwa mphika ungasunthidwe kummawa kapena kumadzulo zenera sill.

Pamaso pa zowonjezera zowonjezera nyali zapadera mu 50 W gloxinia zikhoza kuikidwa paliponse. Chomeracho ndi chosavuta kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito, koma sichimakonda kupuma kwa mpweya. Mukakwera ndege, zimalimbikitsa kuyeretsa mphika, ndikubwezeretsanso kuwindo lawindo ndizenera kutsekedwa.

Kutentha kwa mpweya ndi chinyezi

Kutentha pa nthawi ya kukula kungakhale kutentha kwapakati, ndipo panthawi yopumula ndikofunikira kukhalabe ozizira (pafupifupi 10 ° C). Chinyezi chiyenera kukhala pakati pa 50-70%, mu chipinda chouma, kupotoza masamba kungatheke. Ngati kuli kofunika kuwonjezera chinyezi cha mlengalenga, mukhoza kuika matayala ndi mitsitsi yonyowa kapena dongo lozungulira poto, mpweya wambiri.

Ndikofunikira! Madzi sayenera kupezeka pa masamba a pubescent a gloxinia pamene akupopera kapena kuthirira. Chomeracho sichitha kutsukidwa, ndipo chingathe kutsukidwa ndi burashi yofewa ndi youma.

Kuthirira

Mukamayambitsa chomera, nkofunika kupeŵa kusefukira, komanso chinyezi pamtunda ndi kuwonjezeka kwa tuber. M'pofunikanso kuonetsetsa kuti zinyontho zonse padziko lapansi zikhale zowonongeka, chifukwa kusowa kwa chinyezi mu gawo la mizu kumabweretsa imfa komanso kuwonongeka kwa tuber. Kuthirira kumatha kupyolera mu poto kapena pamphepete mwa mphika. Ndikofunika kuyembekezera kuti chapamwamba chikhale chowuma, kotero kuti kuthirira mu kugwa ndipo masiku ozizira adzakhala ocheperapo kusiyana ndi chilimwe. Kugwiritsira ntchito bwino madzi a mvula, madzi osankhidwa kapena kukhazikika patsiku madzi. Kutentha kwake kukhale 2-3 ° C pamwamba pa firiji. Pambuyo pa theka la ola, madzi owonjezera kuchokera ku poto amachotsedwa.

Kupaka pamwamba

Kudyetsa koyamba kumapangidwa miyezi iwiri mutatha kuika. Pakatha milungu iwiri amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mchere wamchere kapena feteleza zokhala ndi feteleza 1 ora atatha kuthirira madzulo. Ndikoyenera kugwiritsira ntchito okonzeka-kusesa zomera zamkati, mwachitsanzo, "Mikom". Kumayambiriro kwa kukula, chomeracho chimafuna zowonjezera mavitamini ("Uniflor-growth"), ndipo pambuyo pa tsamba lachitatu - phosphorous ("Uniflor-flower"). Zovala zapamwamba zimasiya kusanayambe nyengo, ndikupanga feteleza feteleza otsiriza katatu pambuyo pa maluwa.

Ndikofunikira! Gloxinia sichita pachimake ndi nayitrogeni wochulukirapo: pakadali pano, masambawa akuvunda ndipo palinso mphukira yosauka ya cuttings.

Nthawi yopumula

Nyengo yamasiku imayamba kugwa, pamene kutentha kwa mpweya kumachepa ndipo chiwerengero cha madzi amachepetsa. Gloxinia ottsvetat, masamba ake amauma, ndiyeno mbali yonse ya pansi imamwalira, ndipo tuber "imagona tulo".

Tuber yosungirako n'zotheka m'njira zotsatirazi:

• tumizani mphika kwa miyezi 3-4 pamalo amdima pamtunda wa 10+ + 15 ° C ndi periodic moistening. Njira imeneyi ndi yabwino kwa tubers lalikulu, ndi zochepa zazing'ono zowuma ndi kufa;
• Mitundu yaing'ono yamakono imakumbidwa patatha milungu iwiri itatha kufalikira kwa rosette ndikuyiika m'thumba ndi mchenga wouma, moss kapena vermiculite ndi gawo lapansi, kenaka amasungidwa m'chipinda chapansi cha firiji pa 5 ° C. Kotero mungathe kupewa kuyanika ndikuyang'anitsitsa kuyera kwa zitsanzo.

Gloxinia ndi maluwa okongola mkati, kuti kulima bwino kumene kuli malo enieni obzala ndi kupatsirana chaka ndi chaka ndikofunikira. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa malangiziwa kumakuthandizani kuti mupeze maluwa ochuluka komanso ochuluka a gloxinia.