Melon: momwe mungakulire mchere wotsekemera komanso wowutsa mudyo

Aliyense amakonda wokoma vwende. Chifukwa chake, njira zokulira akummwera olima alimi m'magawo pafupifupi onse adzikoli. Ngakhale mulibe malo, zilibe kanthu. Vwende ikhoza kukhala chokongoletsera cha khonde lanu, ndipo kukoma kwa zipatso zake sikudzakhala kotsika kwa iwo omwe ali panthaka.

Mbiri ya Kulima kwa Melon

Dziko la melon limadziwika kuti Central ndi Asia Minor. Amaganiziridwa kuti kulima mbewu zamtchire kudachitika ku North India komanso madera ozungulira Iran ndi Central Asia. Zinachitika zaka mazana ambiri nthawi yathu ino isanafike. Ku Russia, zipatsozi zidawonekera zaka za XV-XVI.

Melon - mbadwa yaku sultry Asia

Pakadali pano, mavwende amalimidwa pafupifupi mayiko onse ofunda padziko lapansi. Koma akukhulupirira kuti zipatso zokoma kwambiri zimamera ku Central Asia.

Kuyambira 1994, Turkmenistan yachita chikondwerero cha pachaka "Tsiku la Turkmen Melon." Ku Ukraine, komwe chikhalidwechi chimakondanso, Melon Fair imachitika.

Turkmenistan pachaka imakondwerera Tsiku la Turkmen Melon

Kufotokozera kwamasamba

Mchere wamba ndi chomera chamadzi pachaka. Chozungulira chozungulira komanso chopanda pang'ono cholembera chokhala ndi antennae chimakula kuyambira 1.5 mpaka 2 m, ndipo nthawi zina. Masamba ndi akulu kwambiri, osanjidwa mwanjira ina, okhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira kapena opakidwa kanjedza. Amamangiriridwa kumtengo ndi mapesi ataliatali. Pepala lamasamba limakhalanso ndi pubescence, kotero, limamverera kovuta kukhudza. M'matope a masamba ndi maluwa ndi tinyanga.

Melon - chomera chokwera, chofika kutalika kwa 2 m

Mizu yake ndi yamphamvu, chifukwa mtengowo umachokera m'malo ouma, momwe madzi amaperewera. Kukhazikika kwa mizu kukhoza kubindikira mulifupi wa 1 mpaka 2 m, ndipo mpaka 1.5 m mumalowera muzu wapakati.

Zipatso za vwende zimatchedwa dzungu, zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe kapena ma cylindrical. Membrane wazipatso zakunja (zotuluka) ndi zachikopa ndi zotanuka. Mtundu wake umatha kukhala wosiyana - zoyera, zachikaso, zobiriwira kapena zofiirira, zokhala ndi mikwingwirima. Pamtunda ndilosiyana - kuchokera kosalala mpaka koyipa. Chomera chimodzi chimatha kupanga zipatso ziwiri mpaka 8, zomwe zochuluka zake zimasiyanasiyana 1.5 mpaka 10 kg.

Guwa ndi labwino kwambiri, lonunkhira, okoma. Mtundu wina, shuga umafika 20%. Kufanana kwapakati kachulukidwe. Mtundu ukhoza kukhala ndi mithunzi yosiyanasiyana kuyambira yoyera mpaka yobiriwira (kutengera kalasi).

Mtundu wa zamkati womvekera umatengera zosiyanasiyana

Mkati mwa fetal patsekeke pali khwawa lodzala ndi mbewu. Pali zambiri za izo. Mbeu zazing'ono, zopyapyala kapena zopyapyala zimakhala ndi mtundu woyera kapena wachikasu. Pamwamba pa chivundikiro chakunja ndi gloss kapena matte.

Mbewu zambiri zimabisala mkati mavwende

Momwe mungasiyanitsire maluwa amphongo achikazi

Melo ndi chomera chomera. Pa icho, maluwa achimuna ndi achikazi amatha kukhala munthawi yomweyo. Mungu wa Melon ndi wolemera komanso womata, chifukwa chake kupukutira mungu kumafuna othandizira - njuchi kapena nyerere. Koma nthawi zina kufalikira kwa manja kumathandizanso - m'malo obiriwira kapena nyengo zoyipa, tizilombo sizithandiza.

Maluwa oyamba kuwonekera pa vwende ndi amphongo. Chiwerengero chawo chimatengera kukhwima kwa mitundu. M'makoko oyambirira, maluwa amaikidwa mu axel ya tsamba lachiwiri kapena lachitatu, mitundu mitundu - 4 kapena 5. Duwa loyambirira lisanachitike, vwende limatha kudzala maluwa 6 kapena 30 amphongo.

Maluwa a Melon amagawidwa wamwamuna ndi wamkazi

Kusiyana pakati kwamaluwa aimuna ndi aakazi m'magulu awo. Wamphongo amakhala ndi zikwangwani 5 zomwe mungu umapangidwa. Duwa lachikazi limakhala ndi pestle yopangidwa bwino, yomwe imapanga thumba losunga mazira pambuyo poyipitsidwa.

Vidiyo: kupukutira mungu kudzera pamanja

Kugwiritsa

Nthawi zambiri, vwende amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mchere. Koma zamkati zamasamba abwino sizabwino mu mtundu wake waiwisi, ndiwofunikira kwambiri popanga kupanikizana, uchi, vwende. Komanso vwende ndi zouma, zamzitini.

Mu Middle Ages, vwende anali chakudya chotchuka kwambiri ku Asia, makamaka panthawi yakusala kudya chikondwerero cha Ramadan chisanachitike.

Melon ndi mchere wabwino kwambiri komanso wathanzi

Pindulani

Mphamvu zakuchiritsa kwa mavwende zinali zodziwika bwino ndipo zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mankhwala kuyambira nthawi ya Avicenna.

Gome: mapuloteni, madzi, chakudya, mafuta

Melon ndi mankhwala otsika-kalori. 100 g zamkati muli pafupifupi 35 kcal, kotero mwana wosabadwayo alibe contraindicated ngakhale kwa iwo omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri.

Vwende ikhoza kutchedwa "zida zoyambira" zenizeni chifukwa cha zazikulu zazinthu zofunikira zambiri zamkati. Peel ndi mbewu zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito pakukonzekera zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi mankhwala.

Vwende imatha kutchedwa kuti zenizeni za zakudya

Kwa nthawi yayitali, vwende lagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yothandizira kuchira matenda oopsa. Ukama umalimbikitsa matumbo ndikuwongolera microflora yake. Melon imathandiza pa:

• kuchepa magazi
• atherosulinosis;
• chifuwa chachikulu;
• gout
• scurvy;
• matenda a mtima;
• matenda a impso ndi chikhodzodzo.

Amayikidwa monga:

• sedative;
• odana ndi yotupa;
• mankhwala opatsa thanzi;
• okodzetsa.

Beauticians amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za mitundu ya mavwende pakukonzekera masks a tonic komanso opatsa thanzi. Kugwirizana kwa chipatsocho, kumakokedwa mu gruel ndikuyika pankhope, kumapangitsa khungu kukhala lopindika, kutsitsa mafuta a sheen ndikupatsanso mtundu wowoneka bwino. Ikani chophimba ichi pafupipafupi kwa mwezi umodzi.

Koma vwende lili ndi zotsutsana:

• sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi amayi oyamwitsa. Mu mwana, izi zimatha kuyambitsa chisokonezo mu ntchito ya m'mimba ndi chimbudzi chovuta;
• pamimba yopanda kanthu, kudya vwende sikulimbikitsidwa;
• mutatha kutenga zamkati zovomerezeka, simuyenera kudya zakudya zamkaka ndikumwa madzi ozizira. Izi zimabweretsa kudzimbidwa;
• sangaphatikizidwe ndi mowa;
• mosamala, vwende ayenera kudyedwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi zilonda zam'mimba, matenda a shuga kapena matenda a chiwindi.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya vwende

Mitundu yotchuka ya vwende ikuphatikiza:

• Torpedo. Dzungu lakutali limakutidwa ndi khungwa la utoto wonyezimira, wopindika ndi gulidwe wamitundu yaying'ono. Kuchuluka kwa mwana wosabadwayo kumachokera ku 2.5 mpaka 6 kg. Pulasitiki yoyera yoyera imakhala ndi kukoma kwambiri komanso mawonekedwe ake. Mbeu zachikasu zotsekemera sizikhala zazikulu kwambiri komanso zazitali. Chomera chikukwera, chokhala ndi masamba obiriwira osakhala bwino. Zimakhala m'makalasi apakati a msimu. Zokolola - 1.8 kg / m². Dzungu lakuthwa kwa masiku 15-20 silitaya mikhalidwe yamalonda;

  

  Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ku Central Asia ndi torpedo melon

• Medovka. Dzungu limakhala lofanana, kuyambira 2,5 mpaka 4,2 kg. Kutumphuka kwapakidwa utoto wachikasu, wokhala ndi makomawo pang'ono. Mtundu wa ma mesa ukusowa. Ubwangwa ndi wamakulidwe apakatikati, wopakidwa utoto wowoneka bwino wa kirimu. Lawani zabwino kwambiri, kufinya mtima pang'ono. Kusasinthika ndikofatsa. Fungo lake ndi lofatsa. Mbeu zopyapyala komanso zowongoka ndizazitali komanso zopaka utoto waminyanga. Zomera zimakhala ndi mikwingwirima yolimba. Masamba opundika, kukula kwapakatikati, kobiriwira. Zochulukitsa - 1.2-2 kg / m². Imasunga mtundu wamalonda masiku angapo 10-12 Zosiyanasiyana ndizaka zapakatikati;

  

  Kucha zipatso kwaubwenzi ndi kukoma kwabwino kwambiri ndizomwe Medonka vwende imayikiriridwa

• Oksana. Dzungu ndi losawoneka bwino, lopaka chikaso. Kuchulukitsa kwa mwana wosabadwayo kumachokera ku 2 mpaka 2.6 kg (ena amakula mpaka 4.5 kg). Pamunsi pake pali lathyathyathya, yokutidwa ndi mawonekedwe owuma. Mnofu ndi zonona wowoneka bwino. Mitundu yowoneka ngati crispy, yowoneka bwino komanso yowutsa mudyo komanso yabwino kwambiri. Mbewu zazikulu, zonona bwino, zonona. Chomera chikukwera, masamba achotsedwa, apakatikati. Zosiyanasiyana ndizakatundu koyambirira. Kubereka 141-202 kg / ha. Pakatha masiku 8-10 mutachotsedwa, kukoma kumakhalabe ndi kukoma;

  

  Melon Oksana - mitundu yapamwamba yapakatikati

• Caramel Dzungu ndilopanda muyeso, misa yake imachokera ku 1.2 mpaka 1.9 kg. Kutumphuka ndi chikaso chakuda ndi mawonekedwe osalala pomwe mawonekedwe ophatikizana a mauna amawonekera. Thupi lofooka limakhala ndi mawonekedwe osalala komanso osungunuka. Chimakoma kwambiri, chowutsa mudyo. Fungo labwino. Mbewu za mpendadzuwa ndi zapakatikati, zokhala ndiwowoneka bwino, zopaka mozungulira, zotuwa zachikasu. Ndalama zamakalasi apakatikati. Chomera chimadziwika ndi kukula bwino kwa misempha, masamba sawumbidwa kwambiri, ang'ono kukula. Kuchulukitsa ndibwino, ndipo pafupifupi 94-156 c / ha. Yofunika mtengo wake wokana fusarium komanso mtengo wonyamula mayendedwe ambiri;

  

  Kukaniza kwa Fusarium - mtengo wofunika wa Caramel melon

• Bizan. Dzungu lamasamba olemera 2 mpaka 2.8 kg limakutidwa ndi makungwa osalala achikasu. Mtundu wa mesh ndi wandiweyani, wokulirapo. Mnofu ndi wowawasa zonona, wokoma bwino, wachifundo komanso wowutsa mudyo. Crispy kusasinthika. Kukoma kumavoteledwa ngati chabwino. Ili ndi fungo lokhazikika. Mbewu za sing'anga wamkulu, wowoneka bwino, wachikasu. Mtengowo ukukwera motalika, wokhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono ophatikizika. Mid yoyambira mitundu. Kupanga kwapakati kwa 126-256 kg / ha. Makhalidwe amalonda amasungidwa bwino masiku 8-10;

  

  Bizan melon ali ndi nyama ya khrisipi komanso yowutsa mudyo

• Mwaitiopiya Dzungu ndi lozungulira konsekonse, limakhala ndi khungu la chikasu lalanje, kumtunda kwake kumatayidwa pang'ono, kosalala. Mtundu wa mesh ndi wapakatikati pakachulukana komanso makulidwe. Mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, osungunuka, ndi osalala a utoto. Kukoma ndi kwabwino komanso kwabwino, kununkhira kumatchulidwa. Zipatso ndizambiri - 2.3-2.8 kg. Zimatanthauzira mitundu yamkati yopanga ndi zipatso za 89-145 c / ha. Chomera chobiracho chimakhala ndi masamba obiriwira ochepa komanso opanda masamba. Dzungu amatha kukhalabe ndi malingaliro pa malonda kwa masabata awiri. Yoyenera kuthana ndi kutentha;

  

  Melon ya ku Itiyopiya imalekerera kutentha bwino kwambiri

• Wolima palimodzi. Zosiyanasiyana zimatsimikiziridwa komanso kutchuka kwambiri, ngakhale zipatso zazing'ono zochepa - 0,7-1.3 kg. Maonekedwe a dzungu ndi ozungulira, khungu limakhala lalanje, lalanje, mawonekedwe ake ndi osalala. Nthawi zina mawonekedwe ake amakongoletsedwa ndi mauna owuma. Kuguza kwake ndi kotsekemera komanso kokoma. Kusasinthika kumakhala kofinya, pang'ono kacrispy ndi fibrous. Kukomerako ndikuchivotera ngati chabwino komanso chabwino. Zimakhala m'makalasi apakati a msimu. Chomera chikukwera, chili ndi kukula kwapakatikati komanso mitengo yotsika. Pepala lamasamba limazunguliridwa, ndipo limakhala ndi malo owoneka bwino m'munsi, lili ndi miyeso yaying'ono. Zochulukirapo ndi 14.6-22.7 t / ha. Timayamikiridwa chifukwa cha kuyendetsa bwino kwambiri. Amalimbana ndi bacteriosis.

  

  Mitundu ya Melon Kolkhoznitsa nthawi yoyesedwa komanso yotchuka kwambiri

Mmera wa vwende

Kukula vwende mu njira yokomera, mutha kupeza maungu onunkhira koyambirira kuposa kale. Kuphatikiza apo, zithandiza wamaluwa omwe ali m'malo ozizira kuti azitha kukhala wakhalidwe labwino.

Momwe angatolere mbeu

Mitundu ya mbewu m'makapu osapsa ndiyotsika kwambiri, pamenepa palibe chiyembekezo chokolola. Mbewu zimakolola pokhapokha zipatso zakupsa:

1. Vwende limadulidwa pakati ndipo mbewu zimatulutsidwa.
2. Muzimutsuka pansi pa madzi kuti muchotse zidutswa zamkati.
3. Lolani chinyezi chambiri kukhetsa ndikugona m'lifupi. Popewa mbeu kuti zisakonongeke, zisiyeni pamalo abwino mpweya wabwino.

Osamawuma mbewu za vwende mu uvuni.

Kutola mbewu za vwende ndikusuta

Kubzala mbewu za mbande

Kubzala mbewu za mbande kumachitika chakumapeto kapena kumapeto kwa Epulo, kutengera nyengo yomwe ili m'deralo. Zotengera zazing'ono, makamaka peat, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zotengera. Bzalani mbeu zitatu mu dothi lonyowa. Phimbani ndi thumba ndi malo pamalo owala ndi otentha. Kumera kumachitika pa kutentha kwa 20-25^zaNdi usana, usiku - osati wotsika kuposa 18^zaC.

Kuti mumere mbewu za vwende, muyenera kuyika miphika pamalo owala komanso otentha

Kusamalira Mbewu

Mbewu zimamera mwachangu, mphukira zimawonekera sabata limodzi. Awayang'anireni mosamala, ndikusankha amphamvu kwambiri. Dulani zotsalazo pansi. Ndizosatheka kutulutsa kuti tisawononge mizu ya mphukira yotsalayo.

Ndondomeko

1. Kuti mbande zisatambasule, zimafunika kusungidwa pawindo lowala kwambiri - kumwera. Ngati mawindo anu amayang'ana mbali zina, kuwunikira kowonjezera kungathandize. Kwa izi, nyali za fluorescent zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chachikulu ndikuti mbande zikuyenera kuyatsidwa kwa maola osachepera 10-12.
   

   Popewa mbande kuti isatambasule, gwiritsani ntchito zowunikira zina

2. Kutsirira ndi gawo lofunikira lakusamalidwa. Kukhathamiritsa koyamba kumachitika pamene mmera ukhala tsamba limodzi lenileni. Ndikofunikira kuthirira ndi madzi ofunda okha, kuonetsetsa kuti chinyezi sichitha pamasamba ndi zimayambira. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kungayambitse matenda a mmera. Popewa matenda wamba amiyendo yakuda, nthaka imakonkhedwa ndi mchenga wabwino.
3. Chipinda chomwe mbande zimakhalamo ziyenera kuthandizidwa, izi zikuthandizira kuti pasakhale chinyezi. Koma onetsetsani kuti mbande sizilowa pokonzekera.
4. Nthawi yakula, mbande zimadyetsedwa ma 2 zokha. Kwa izi, feteleza wama mineral ovuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mlingo umawonetsedwa pa cholembera.
5. Masamba atatu owona atakula pa mbande, kukhomeka kumachitika kuti akankhe mbewuyo kuti ipangidwe.
6. Sabata imodzi asanabzalidwe m'nthaka, mbande zimayamba kuumitsa. Chifukwa cha izi, kutentha kwa usana ndi usiku kumabweretsedwa pang'onopang'ono mpaka 15-17^zaC ndi 12-15^zaC, motsatana. Kuwongolera panthawiyi kumatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa masiku onse.

Sankhani

Kwa mbande za vwende, ngati dzungu lonse, njira yosankha siikuchitika. Mbande bwino kulekerera kumuyika njira, chifukwa chake mwakhwima pomwepo mosiyana mumbale.

Kusamalira Kunja kwa Melon

Kubzala mavwende m'malo otseguka kumachitika ndi njere kapena mbande. Njira yoyamba imakonda kuchitidwa madera akumwera. Mbewu zimabzalidwa kumayambiriro kapena kumapeto kwa Meyi, bola bedi lokonzedwa lidakutidwa ndi zofunda. Mukabzala osachotsedwa, mbewuzo zimayikidwa, ndikupanga mawonekedwe a mtanda.

Potseguka, vwende ikhoza kubzalidwa ndi mbewu ndi mbande

Mbande zolimba zimabzinjidwa pabalaza filimu zikafika zaka 25. Potengera nthawi, izi zikuyenera kuti zikugwirizana kumapeto kwa Meyi kapena koyambirira kwa Juni. Komanso kusamalira mbewu zobzalidwa kapena mbande za mavwende sizimasiyananso.

Kuthirira

Melon ndichikhalidwe chovuta kwambiri, chimakonda kuthirira. Koma akuyenera kuchitika, kutsatira malamulo ena:

• kutsirira kumachitika pafupifupi 1 nthawi sabata;
• kutentha kwa madzi sikuyenera kutsika kuposa 22^zaC;
• Ndondomeko ziyenera kuchitika m'mawa kapena madzulo. Onani kwambiri kuti m'malovu sikubwera masamba, maluwa kapena zipatso. Khosi la chomera siliyeneranso kuvutika ndi madzi. Mbewu nthawi zambiri zimathiriridwa m'miyala yomwe imakumbidwa mozungulira chomera, koma kumeza madontho ndiyo njira yabwino koposa;
• Kutsirira kotsatira kumachitika pokhapokha dothi lapamwamba litapanda kuuma.

Zipatso zikapangidwa pa vwende, kuthirira pang'onopang'ono kumayamba kuchepa ndikuzimitsa nthawi yonse yakucha. Izi zimathandiza kukwaniritsa kuchuluka kwa shuga. Ngati munthawi imeneyi kukhathamiritsa kwa magetsi kupitilizabe, zipatso zimadzakhala zopanda madzi.

Makina oyendetsa madzi ndi abwino kwambiri kuthirira vwende

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Zofunikira pa michere zofunikira ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza nthawi zonse. Mmera makamaka umafunikira nayitrogeni wa phosphorous.

Gome: Nthawi ndi kuchuluka kwa feteleza

Kuti feteleza asawononge mizu, zimaphatikizidwa ndi kuthirira.

Kudyetsa koyenera kumawonjezera mwayi wokolola wabwino

Kutsina

Kudinikiza kuyenera kuchitidwa kuti muchepetse kukula kwa msipu wobiriwira ndikupeza zonse. Potseguka, vwende limakulidwa mozungulira mozungulira pakufalikira. Ndi njirayi, njirayi ikuchitika.

1. Pakadulidwa koyamba tsamba 4-5, chomera cha mphukira zitatu chimapangidwa, pomwe 2 mwamphamvu kwambiri chimasankhidwa. Zikhomedwa pamwamba pa pepala la 4-6.
2. Tsina lachitatu limachitika pa gawo la mapangidwe a m'mimba. Chotsani mphukira zofowoka ndi zopanda mphamvu. Tsinani zoopsya ndi mazira azitsamba patsamba la 3-4.
3. Malo omwe adina zikhadabo ayenera akuwaza ndi osakaniza ndi malasha wosalala, sulufu ndi laimu, wotengedwa chimodzimodzi.
4. Amawongolera mikwingwirima kuti isalumikirane komanso kuti isavute kanjira.

Mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya vwende, kutsina kumachitika mosiyanasiyana.

Kutembenuza kwambewu

Kuonetsetsa kuti chikhalidwechi chimakula bwino komanso chothandiza, olima odziwa zachilengedwe nthawi zonse amaganizira otsogola. Kwa mavwende, opambana kwambiri adzakhala:

• tirigu wozizira;
• chimanga
• zitsamba zonunkhira;
• anyezi ndi adyo;
• Tomato
• biringanya;
• tsabola wokoma;
• kabichi;
• nandolo ndi nyemba.

Pambuyo dzungu ndi kaloti, kubzala vwende sikungakhale njira yabwino kwambiri. Sizabwinonso kukula chikhalidwe kwa zaka zingapo pamalo amodzi.

Tsitsi la Melon ndi malangizo a pang'onopang'ono a katemera

Opala opaleshoni sakhala kwenikweni amangochita chifukwa ndi anthu ochepa omwe amadziwa za izi. Pakadali pano, njirayi imathandizira kuwonjezera zokolola pafupifupi kawiri.

Koma vwende muyenera kusankha bwino kwambiri. Zimatengera momwe mbewuyo ibala zipatso mtsogolo. Zoyenera kwambiri pa izi ndi maungu ndi lagenaria.

Kodi njira zimayenda bwanji:

1. Amayamba katemera pomwe timapepala totsimikizika 22 timawoneka pa vwende.
2. Zomwe zimayambira pamtunda ndi scion zimadulidwa pakona 30^za. Izi zikuyenera kuchitidwa pafupi kwambiri ndi mabwatowa. Opaleshoniyo imachitika ndi tsamba lakuthwa kwambiri popanga kuwunikira.
   

   Zomera zimadulidwa mu kalilole
3. Kenako tabuyo amawaikiranani ndipo cholumacho chimakulungidwa ndi chidutswa chaching'ono cha zojambulazo. Zoyenera, njirayi imafunikira magawo apadera.
   

   Zimayambira zimayikidwa wina ndi mnzake

4. Zomera ziwiri zimabzalidwa mchidebe chimodzi, makamaka pulasitiki.
   

   Mukapereka katemera, ikani chomera pamalo amdima mpaka m'mawa

5. Katemera amalimbikitsidwa madzulo, ndikuyika malowo m'malo amdima. M'mawa kuyala.
6. Pafupifupi tsiku lachisanu ndi chitatu, mutha kudula phesi la vwende. Kuyambira kuyambira patatha masiku atatu katemera, chidebe chikukula chikuyenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo chitani izi mpaka Kukula.
7. Chomera chomtidwa chimabzalidwa pamalo okhazikika pa 25-25th tsiku.

Kukula Melon Kunyumba

Kwa iwo omwe amakonda kuyesa, palibe zoletsa, ndipo kukula kwa vwende pa khonde kapena pawindo sill sikungakhale kovuta. Kupatula apo, zonse zomwe zimakonda mavwende - kutentha ndi kuwala, mutha kuperekera mbewu kunyumba. Mukukula pa khonde kapena loggia, mitundu yokhala ndi maungu ang'ono ndiyoyenera:

• Augen (kuyambira 0,8 mpaka 1 kg),
• Altai (kuyambira 0,8 mpaka 1 kg),
• Lyubushka (kuyambira 0,7 mpaka 0.8 kg),
• Zowonda (kuyambira 0,9 mpaka 1.1 kg).

Mutha kuyamba kufesa vwende kunyumba kuyambira mwezi wa Marichi, koma osachedwa kuposa masiku oyamba a Juni. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera:

1. Konzani zotengera zokhala ndi malita osachepera 5-6. Dzazani ndi dothi lapadziko lonse lapansi ndi acidity acidity. Ngati ndi kotheka, gulani m'malo ogulitsira "Kwa nkhaka."
2. Kubzala kumachitika ndi mbewu. Kuti muchite izi, kwezani mbewuyo ndi masentimita atatu mu dothi lonyowa, mutasakaniza nthaka mu dzenje ndi supuni ya phulusa. Asanadzafetse nthangala, ndiye kuti zimaphuka pang'ono kale.
3. Mutha kubzala mbande kaye (pofesa mbewu mu Epulo), kenako ndikumadzaza ndikusintha m'mbale muli khonde.
4. Vwisi wowoneka bwino komanso wotentha ayenera kukula m'malo owala kwambiri.
   

   Kwa mavwende okhala ndi nyumba, sankhani ngodya zopepuka komanso zotentha
5. Thirirani mbewuyo ndi madzi ofunda, osayesa kugwa pamasamba ndi tsinde. Madzi amathiridwa bwino m'mbali mwa mphikawo. Madzi pokhapokha pamwamba pamtunda pouma. Sinthani pafupipafupi kutengera nyengo.
6. Wonani chinyezi. Ngati izi zili zapamwamba, vwende limatha kupweteka.
7. Yesani kupereka zovala za nayitrogeni asanafike maluwa. Nthawi imeneyi, amadya ndi azophos - 1 tbsp. l mpaka malita atatu amadzi. Pa chomera chimodzi, 1 lita imodzi yankho ndilokwanira. Nthawi yamaluwa, vwende wakhonde amakonda phosphorous-potaziyamu wovala pamwamba - 1 tbsp. l superphosphate ndi 2 tbsp. l potaziyamu sulfate pa 10 malita a madzi. Ngati mbewuyo ikuchepera kukula, iduleni ndi organics (mullein kapena ndowa), ndikuyambitsa njira yokonzekererayi mutathirira.
8. Chikhalidwe cha balcony chimafuna garter. Koma kupanga trellis ndi theka nkhondo. Vwende, mosiyana ndi nkhaka, ilibe antennae ndipo sidzitulutsa. Chifukwa chake, lash ayenera kuti azikulungidwa kuzungulira twine ndikumangirira ndi nsalu kapena thonje. Chitani izi pamene mukukula.
9. Vwende kunyumba amafunikanso kupanga. Kukanikiza koyamba kumachitika pamwamba pa tsamba la 5-6. Mangani mphukira wakumbuyo, womwe umalowetsa tsinde lalikulu, kupita ku trellis. Pa ma hybrids, m'malo mwake, sapinda tsinde lalikulu, koma chitani mbali yakumaso, pamwamba pa tsamba la 2-3 kuti musakokome kwambiri.
10. Ngati khonde lotseguka, ndiye kuti tizilombo timagwira ntchito yoyendetsa mungu. Koma ndibwino kukhala otetezeka ndikuwapukutira maluwa ndi dzanja.
11. Pa mbewu, siyani zipatso ziwiri kapena zitatu. Ayenera kukhala pamtunda wina ndi mnzake. Kuti mwana wosabadwayo asaswe mkwapulo kapena kuthyola, ayenera kumangidwa. Pofika kukula kwa mpira wa tennis, chipatso chimadzaza ndi ukonde ndikumangirizidwa ndi trellis.
    

    Pakani zipatso zakupsa mu ukonde ndi tayi
12. Matenda ndi tizirombo, gwiritsani ntchito kukonzekera komweko monga momwe zimakhalira panthaka.

Njira zokulitsa

Pali njira zambiri zokulitsira mchere. Kuchokera pazachikhalidwe - tsegulani kapena pa trellis, kupita kwa zachilendo - m'thumba kapena m'mbale.

Vwende mu mbiya yopanda pansi

Njirayi ndiyabwino pakatikati pa Russia, komwe nthawi yachilimwe siikuwonongeka kwambiri ndi kutentha. Kwa vwende, mbiya yosavuta sikophweka konse. Malo ochepa kwambiri, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuti musalole zikwapu, chifukwa kusiyana kwa kutentha kungasokoneze mbewu. Ndipo pakakhala nyengo yoipa, chachikazi chiziphimbidwa mosavuta ndi filimu kapena zinthu zina zophimba. Chifukwa chake, ma sheet azitsulo atalumikizidwa palimodzi kapena lalikulu - molondola.

Khazikikani pabedi pasadakhale:

1. Pansi pa thankiyo anagona zotsalira zonse zamasamba: nthambi, malo ouma a mbewu. Sangokhala madzi okhaokha, kutentha kumapangidwanso pakuwola.
2. Kenako udzu watsopano, udzu, humus ndi nthaka yachonde zimayikidwa pamwamba.
3. Chilichonse chimathiriridwa ndi madzi kapena feteleza wa Baikal, omwe amathandiza kuti mbewu zizitentha kwambiri.
4. Kapangidwe kamakutidwa ndi cellophane kuchokera kumwamba ndi kumanzere mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Meyi.
5. Mutha kuwabzala ndi nthangala zowiikidwa theka lachiwiri la Epulo kapena mbande mkati mwa Meyi, koma nthawi zonse pogona.

Kanema: vwende

M'thumba

Njira iyi ndi yothandiza kwa iwo omwe amakulitsa vwende pa khonde. Koma, mutatenga chikwama chokulirapo, ndiye kuti ndizotheka kupeza mbewu m'dera laling'ono. Zachidziwikire, matumba oonda a cellophane sangagwire ntchito ngati zofunikira. Tikufuna zazikulu, zopangidwa ndi polyethylene yolimba. Malo achonde padziko lonse lapansi ndi abwino pachikhalidwe cha khonde. Kumbukirani kukhazikitsa trellis. M'munda wamtunda, mutha kudzaza kuchuluka ngati momwe mukukula mu mbiya.

Kanema: michere yokulira m'matumba

Pa bedi lotentha

Mapangidwe awa ndi njira yeniyeni ya njira yomwe ili pamwambapa yakukulira mbiya. Kusiyanitsa kokhako ndikuti bokosilo silinapangidwe zachitsulo, koma lamatabwa.

Mabedi okwera - mwayi wabwino kukula mbewu zokonda kutentha

Pa trellis

Njira imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakubzala mbewu pa khonde kapena wowonjezera kutentha. Zimakuthandizani kuti muchepetse malo kwambiri, mumapatsa mbewu zokhala ndi chisamaliro chapamwamba, zomwe zingakhale zopindulitsa ndi zokolola zambiri komanso mitengo yotsika mtengo.

1. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kumanga chimango chosanjikizidwa ndi U - mizati idayikidwa munthaka kuti ikweze mita 2 pamwamba pa nthaka, nsonga zawo zimalumikizidwa ndi timitengo kuti ikhale yolimba.
2. Mtunda pakati pazipilala mu mzere ndi osachepera 2 m.
3. Kenako waya wofewa umamangirizidwa ku mtengo wopingasa.
4. Mbali ina imakhala yolumikizidwa ndi mtanda, womwe wotsikira umatsitsidwa ku vwende yomwe ikukula ndikukhazikika pachomera.
5. Pambuyo pake, kubowola kokula kumene kumakulungidwa mosamala mozungulira waya ndi kumangidwa.

Mukakulitsa mavwende okhala ndi njira ya trellis, mauna amphamvu kwambiri amatha kukokedwa pakati pa othandizira.

Trellis melon ndi yosavuta kusamalira

Kufalitsa njirayi

Njira iyi imawonedwa ngati yachilengedwe komanso yosavuta. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakulima zipatso zokoma kutchire. Kubzala chiwembu motere: Mtunda pakati pa mbewu mumizere suchepera 60 cm, mzere kutalikirana ndi 1 mita. Zomwe zimamera sizikhala zogwirizana. Kuti mphukira zisawonongeke ndi mphepo, ziwinikeni panthaka mothandizidwa ndi zingwe zama waya.

Kukula mavwende pakufalikira - njira yosavuta kwambiri komanso yachilengedwe

Zambiri za kukula kwa mavwende m'malo osiyanasiyana

Wamaluwa osati madera otentha okha akufuna kukulitsa chakum'mwera chokonda dzuwa. Chifukwa chake, vwende imasunthira kumpoto - ku Urals ndi Siberia. Koma dera lirilonse la nyengo lili ndi mawonekedwe ake omwe ayenera kulingaliridwa akamakula mavwende.

• malo oyenera kwambiri okulitsa chikhalidwe chokonda kutentha amatha kutchedwa kuti Ukraine, madera akumwera kwa Russia (Lower Volga, North Caucasus, Krasnodar) ndi Crimea. Apa mutha kubzala mbeu mosabisa kapena mbande. Kuwala kokwanira kwa dzuwa, ndipo kumafunikira maola osachepera 12, kumakupatsani mwayi kuti mukule mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuyambira kucha mpaka mochedwa:
  • Augustine
  • Aikido
  • Alice
  • Babor
  • Victoria
  • Wagolide
  • Idyll
  • Miron,
  • Wagwa
  • Prima
  • Raymond
  • Taman
  • Wakummwera;
• nyengo yofananira ili ndi madera omwe ali m'chigawo chapakati cha Russia, komabe nyengo ilipo yambiri. Mitundu yoyenera kulimidwa pazinthu izi imaphatikizapo:
  • Wolima palimodzi
  • Rahat Lokum,
  • Roxolana
  • Solar;
• malinga ndi dera la Central, Moscow ndi Leningrad, Belarus, vwende nthawi zambiri amalimidwa ngati mbewu yobzala kapena kutentha. Koma kukula zipatso mumikhalidwe yoterezi ndizotheka. Chinsinsi cha chipambano ndi mitundu yosankhidwa moyenera, yomwe ikukula nthawi yayitali mpaka masiku 90, kukana bwino kuzirala, kulolerana kwa mthunzi ndi kukana matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi. Muyenera kubzala m'nthaka kale ndikukula mbande. Mitundu yoyenera ya nyengo iyi ndi Princess Svetlana;
• ku Urals ndi Siberia, vwende ndiwobzala bwino m'malo obiriwira omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira yokomera. Koma mutha kutenga mwayi ndikuyesera kukula kunja. Kuti muchite izi, mudzayenera kupanga dimba lotentha malo ozizira kwambiri dzuwa. Popewa mbewu yofewa kuti isamatenthe, gwiritsani ntchito zofunda, thirirani mbewuyo ndi madzi ofunda ndikuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, kupewa kuchulukana. Mitundu yakucha yakucha ikulimbikitsidwa:
  • Altai,
  • Wolima palimodzi
  • Lolita
  • Zachikondi
  • Mame.

Kukula mavwende m'malo ozizira, yesani kuyala matabwa pansi pa zipatso kuti vwende siliwola kuchokera ku chinyezi. Komanso, zipatsozo zimafunikira kuzungulira nthawi ndi nthawi kupita ku mbiya ina.

Kanema: mavwende okula

Moni mu wowonjezera kutentha

Wowonjezera kutentha adzathandiza wamaluwa wokhala nyengo yozizira. Njira iyi ndi yoyenera kwa iwo amene akufuna kukolola zipatso zanunkhira koyambirira. Ntchito yayikulu ndikupereka vwende ndi malo okwanira azakudya, kusamalira kutentha kokhazikika, chinyezi chabwinobwino komanso kusinthana kwa mpweya.

Zinsinsi zazing'ono zopambana bwino:

• kulima bwino kumapereka mitundu yolimbana ndi matenda a fungus;
• pangani mbewu yabwino;
• musaiwale kuti kupukutira nkhawa zanu ndiye nkhawa yanu, chifukwa njuchi siziwuluka munyengo yobiriwira;
• kukula vwende m'nyumba yekha pa trellis.

Wowonjezera kutentha - chinsinsi cha kukolola bwino kwa mavwende ozizira nyengo

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Mosasamala kanthu kuti vwende yakula pamalo otseguka kapena otsekeka, imatha kudwala matenda osiyanasiyana ngati siyilandira bwino. Chikhalidwe chakumwera sichikhala ndi inshuwaransi motsutsana ndi kuukira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Gome: Matenda ndi Tizilombo, Chithandizo ndi Kupewa

Zithunzi Zithunzi: Momwe Mungazindikire Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Mavuto omwe mudakumana nawo akamakula mavwende

Nthawi zina wamaluwa osadziwa zambiri amakhala ndi zolakwika pakukula kwa mavwende. Koma palibe chomwe sichingasinthike.

Gome: Mavuto ndi Mayankho

Vwende ikayamba kucha, siyani kuthirira ndi kudyetsa, apo ayi zipatso zitha kusweka

Kututa ndi kusunga

Musanayambe kusonkha zipatso za vwende, onetsetsani kuti zacha. Izi ndizosavuta kuchita ndi izi:

• chipatso chinapeza mawonekedwe apamwamba okhala ndi mitunduyo;
• fungo lonunkhira limafalikira kuzungulira vwende;
• Zipatso zakupsa zimasiyanitsidwa mosavuta ndi chikwapu.

Chipatso chosakhwima sichimafika pakucha, sichisungidwa kwanthawi yayitali. Kukula - komanso sikunama kwa nthawi yayitali, ndibwino kuti muzidya nthawi yomweyo. Zipatso zosungidwa bwino kwambiri, zowazidwa mu gawo loyamba la kukhwima.

Mavwende amachotsedwa ndi phesi. Ayenera kusungidwa pamatayala amtundu umodzi. Mutha kupachika zipatso mu maukonde a thonje. Malo osungirako ayenera kukhala ndi mpweya wabwino, kutentha kwambiri ndi 1-3^zaC, chinyezi kuyambira 70 mpaka 80%. Mitambo yapakatikati komanso mochedwa imawonetsa bwino kwambiri. Amatha kukhalabe ndi kukoma ndi malonda mpaka kumapeto kwa dzinja.

Simungathe kusunga mavwende m'chipinda chimodzi ndi masamba ena. Zipatso zimamwa mosavuta fungo lochokera kunja, lomwe limatha kuwononga kukoma.

Mavwende amasungidwa bwino mu limbo

Poyang'ana koyamba zikuwoneka kuti vwende ndi chikhalidwe chotchuka kwambiri. Koma, ngati mutsatira malamulo onse okula, ndiye kuti mphotho yanu idzakhala onunkhira, okoma komanso zipatso zabwino. Ndipo zilibe kanthu kuti mukukhala kumwera kapena kumpoto, kuti muthe kubala chipatso chocheperako aliyense. Komanso, obereketsa abereka mitundu yambiri yomwe imalekerera mosavuta nyengo zovuta komanso yolimbana ndi matenda.