Kugonjetsa ali ndi malongosoledwe otere: mtundu wa zowonongeka ndi zobiriwira, zomera zosatha za m'banja la Hortensia. Pali mitundu 50, malo omwe amagawidwa ndi Mexico, Himalaya ndi East Asia. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, amalonda achi Dutch anabweretsa mitundu ya Himalayan ndi Yapani.
Mukudziwa? Katswiri wina wa zachilengedwe wa ku Sweden, Karl Thunberg, anatcha chomeracho kuti chilemekeze mmodzi wa maboma a Amsterdam, Johann Deutz, amene analimbikitsa kayendetsedwe kawanyanja ku East.
Nthawi yabwino yopita ku chiwembu
M'chaka, nthaka ikatha, koma masamba sanagwedezeke m'mitengo, mukhoza kulima. Mapeto a March - kuyamba kwa April ndi woyenera kwambiri. Kubzala mbande ndi mizu yotsekedwa ndi kotheka mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa June.
Kusankha malo okhala
Kugonjetsa - Chomera chojambula chithunzi chomwe chikusowa malo a dzuwa, chotetezedwa ku mphepo. Zomera zoyandikana sayenera kusokoneza zitsamba zam'munda, zomwe zidzalimbana ndi penumbra yopangidwa ndi korona ya mitengo ikuluikulu. Chinyezi chokhazikika ndi kuwala kosavuta ndizochita. Zomwe zimapanga zimakhala zabwino kwambiri ndipo zimatha nthawi ya maluwa osasunthika, mchere wambiri, wothira mchenga ndi loamy dothi lokhala ndi nthaka yochepa.
Pofuna kupewa mafunde a pansi pa nthaka, ngalande ya nthaka iyenera kuonetsetsedwa, chifukwa mabatire adzagawidwa mofanana ndipo padzakhala chida chonyansa chomwe chidzapangitsa kuti chitukuko chikhale chonchi. Ndikofunika kusankha zosiyanasiyana, zoyenera nthaka. Mitundu yaing'ono yobiriwira ya Pinki kuwonetsa ndi kunyenga Turbilon Rouge.
Ndikofunikira! Zimakhala zovuta kusiyanitsa chinthu chimodzi kapena mtundu wina popanda kudziwa zapadera, ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kapangidwe kake ka kapseni kapena kapangidwe ka tsamba.
Momwe mungasankhire ndi kukonzekera mbande musanadzalemo
Posankha mbande, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa chitsamba mosamala, kutsimikizira kukhalapo kwa mphukira, kukhulupirika kwa masamba, mkhalidwe wa mizu, kapena zizindikiro za matenda. Kugula mbande ndibwino kuti mubzale, ngati ziyenera kutengedwa, mizu iyenera yokutidwa ndi pepala lakuda. Nthawi yomweyo musanadzalemo, kudula masamba osweka, kuchepetsani mizu ku 40 masentimita, ndipo ngati zouma, zilowerereni maola angapo mu chidebe cha dongo, kuwonjezera 1 lita imodzi ya potaziyamu permanganate yankho.
Kubzala malamulo kwa mbande zazing'ono
Pofuna kubzala, munthu ayenera kukumba dzenje lakuya ndi masentimita 50, kuti athetse pansi, m'pofunika kudzaza mchenga kapena njerwa zosweka ndi masentimita 10. Deytsiya ali ndi zenizeni zake za kulima, choncho iwe uyenera kudziwa zina zosavuta. Olima munda amalimbikitsa kuwonjezerapo nthaka kusakaniza kudzaza dzenje 100 g wa "Nitrophoska". Simungakhoze kukulitsa muzu wa khosi la mbande, muyenera kuwasiya pamtunda. Mutabzala, amakoka ndi kuzungulira nthaka ndi peat.
Garden Care
Chokhacho, kulima ndi kusamalira m'munda sikufuna ndalama zazikulu zamagulu ndi ndalama.
Nthawi zambiri kumamwa
Zitsamba zazikulu za deutzia zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kulekerera kwa chilala, silingalekerere chinyezi chokwanira, zimangofunikira chidebe cha madzi kamodzi pamlungu pa chitsamba chilichonse. Pothirira madzi, m'pofunika kumasula nthaka ndi masentimita 20. M'nyengo yozizira komanso nthawi yamaluwa, kuthirira kuyenera kuwonjezeka, ndipo kuimirira kumayambiriro kwa August kuti chomera chikhale ndi mwayi wokonzekera nyengo yozizira. Zimayenera kuthirira mbeu zachinyamata mochuluka, makamaka panthawi ya kukula kwawo. Ndikofunika kufufuza momwe nthaka imakhalire, nthawi zonse namsongole wamsongole pafupi ndi ntchito, zomwe zingalepheretse kukula kwake.
Kuthamanga kwa nthaka
Mulching pristvolny bwalolo ndi masamba ogwa ndi udzu - imodzi mwa njira zosavuta. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito peat kuti mulching, ndi kutentha tchire tating'ono ndi makatoni, mabokosi, kapena nthambi za nthambi za coniferous. Kuzizira kumakhala koopsa kwambiri kwa ana ang'onoang'ono ndi mbande zachinyengo. Kumapeto kwa November, kutentha kwapansi, pamene nthaka yaying'ono masentimita angapo, tchire liyenera kukhala lolimba kwambiri ndi masamba ouma kapena nthambi za pinini.
Nthawi komanso momwe mungadyetse
Kupaka pamwamba kumapangidwa ndi kompositi ndi galasi la phulusa kapena feteleza yamchere mumtundu wa 1 l pa 10 l madzi. Kawiri pa nyengoyi feteleza yovuta imagwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa chitsamba (Ammophos kapena Nitrophoska), 150 g iliyonse. Feteleza wa chomeracho chiyenera kuchitika nthawi ya maluwa ndi kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe kuti asapitirire kuwonjezereka kwa chisanu.
Kukonzekera malowa kuti achite, amachimba, amawotcha pa manyowa kapena peat manyowa (10-15 makilogalamu / m2), potaziyamu sulphate ndi ufa wa dolomite kuti achepetse asidi a nthaka (100-200 g / m2). N'zotheka kusintha kapangidwe ka nthaka dongo powonjezera mchenga ndi peat (10-15 makilogalamu / m2). Mitengo ya peat imayenera kupanga mchenga ndi dothi, loam ndi peat zimawonjezeredwa ku mchenga wotchedwa loam, womwe uli ndi chuma chokwanira ndi kusunga madzi.
Chosakanizacho chimasakanizidwa bwino, amakumba nthaka ndi fosholo kapena mlimi mpaka 20-25 masentimita. Pambuyo pa dziko lapansi, misozi imakhala youma. Ngati malo omwe ayendetsa kubzala akulima, maenje adakumbidwa kumayambiriro asanadzalemo, dothi lolemera liyenera kukonzekera pasanafike m'dzinja.
Ndikofunikira! Ntchitoyi ili ndi chinthu chimodzi chodabwitsa - sichikhoza kutulutsa utsi wa fodya komanso kutulutsa mpweya, choncho zimalangizidwa kuti uzibzala m'misewu ndi misewu.
Momwe mungachepetse chibwenzi
Kukolola kunkachitika kumapeto kwa nyengo yachisanu. Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May, nthambi zomwe zimakula mkati mwa korona, zowonongeka ndi zowopsya chaka chatha, komanso ndondomeko za mphukira zomwe zatha, zimachotsedwa. Nthambi iliyonse yomwe imamera, itatha maluwa, imadulidwa ku mphukira yaing'ono, yomwe imachepetsedwanso ndi theka lachitatu, ndipo kenako imayamba ku tillering ndikukhala ndi maluwa. Deytsiya angafunikirenso njira ngati kudulira mu kugwa.
Ndondomekoyi ikuphatikizapo kudula nthambi zomwe zinakulitsa chitsamba, ndipo kale zikale. Ngati shrub ili ndi zaka zoposa zisanu, m'pofunika kuchotsa 1-2 mphukira yakale iliyonse zaka 2-3, motero kubwezeretsanso shrub.
Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji mandimu m'nyengo yozizira?
Kugonjetsa - chomera chokonda kutentha, ndipo kukonzekera kwa nyengo yozizira kumayambira msanga mokwanira. Zotentha kwambiri zimatha kuletsa shrub maluwa, kupha mphukira za chaka chatha. Mitengo yaying'ono iyenera kugwedezeka pansi, nthambi zokhala ndi zitsulo ziwiri pamtunda kapena pang'onopang'ono, kutsanulira masamba ogwa pamwamba ndi kumanga nyumba yazing'ono, ndikuphimba ndi lutrasil ndi polyethylene.
Zopangidwe sizingapereke chipale chofewa, chomwe chikhazikika kumapeto kwa nyengo, kuti izi zisawononge nthambiyo: zigwetseni pansi ndikuziphwanya. Ndi chitsamba chachikulire chiyenera kukhala chovuta kwambiri - sichidzatha kugwedezeka chifukwa cha kukula kwa nthambi zakuda. Zomera zazing'ono m'nyengo yozizira zimayamba kukonzekera ngakhale masamba asanagwa kwathunthu, zomwe zingadzakhale chitetezo choonjezera ku nyengo yozizira. 
Nthambi za shrub zimamangiriridwa mwamphamvu ndi chingwe, zophimba chitsamba ndi thumba kapena zowonjezera zopanda nsalu, kuziyika ndi zovala zapamwamba. Nyumbayi idzawateteza ku kutentha, komanso kuchokera ku mphukira, popeza palibe thumba la maluwa ali pangozi yowuma.
Nthawi komanso momwe mungasinthire
Pemphani kuti mutenge. Choyamba, mosamala kwambiri kukumba chitsamba, kuyesera kusasaka chipinda chadothi. Pochita izi, amafukula pozungulira kuchokera kumbali zonse motsutsana ndi mkangano wa korona, kenako amachotseni ndi nsalu yotchinga ndikutumiza kumalo atsopano.
Zisanayambe, 30 g ya zovuta mchere feteleza ndiwonjezeredwa kubzala dzenje. Khosi lazu siliyenera kulowa pansi kapena kukwera pamwamba pake. Deytsiya m'malo awo atsopano amakula bwino ndipo samapota, malo omasuka pakati pa clod ya dziko ndi khoma la dzenje ayenera kugona kwathunthu ndi mosamala tamped.
Pambuyo pakuika shrub bwino madzi. Pamene izi zatha, chomeracho chimakhala madzi ambiri. Mitengo yaling'ono, mosiyana ndi achikulire, omwe angakhale odwala, kulekerera kuika bwino, mofulumira bwino pamalo atsopano ndikuphuka bwino.
Mukudziwa? Okonza malo akuyenera kuzindikira kuti chintchitochi chingasinthidwe pafupi ndi chitsamba cha lilac, maluwa omwe adzayembekezere maluwawo.
Kukaniza matenda ndi tizirombo
Maluwa a shrub deutiya ochokera ku pluses amatsutsa kwambiri matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, koma nthawi zina zomera zimatha kugwetsa phoscis, yomwe imadya masamba a deuterium. Mukhoza kuchotsa ndi kupopera chitsamba ndi Phtalofos, Karbofos, Decis kapena Kinmiks.
Njira zobweretsera zochitika
Pali njira zingapo zobweretsera zitsamba zokongola kwambiri.
Cuttings
Kugonjera kungapangidwe monga njira yofalitsa ndi cuttings, pokhapokha ngati ali ndi mphukira yabwino, yofiira, yochepa. Izi zimachitika kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Kudula cuttings, tsamba la masamba silimathera lumo kapena shear. Mdulidwe wapansi umapangidwira mokhazikika, pansi ponseponse, pomwe mdulidwe wapamwamba uli pamwamba pa tsamba la masamba. Cuttings wa 12-15 masentimita m'litali amabzalidwa mumtsinje mchenga, womwe umatsanulidwa ndi masentimita asanu masentimita wosanjikiza pa nthaka yokondweretsa ya wowonjezera kutentha. Kuyesa mutabzala ndi nthawi yonse, mpaka muzu unakhazikitsidwa, ukusowa kusamala: imayenera kuthiriridwa kuyambira 3 mpaka kasanu ndi kawiri malinga ndi nyengo.
Kugawa chitsamba
Njira imeneyi ndi yoyenera kuchita zambiri. Kukumba chitsamba ndikuchigawa mu zigawo zingapo ndi mizu ikuchitika. Anadula nthambi zakale za zomera. Chochitacho chafesedwa mitsuko yokonzedweratu, chifukwa chomera sichimalola kuyanika kwa mizu. Koma kugwiritsira ntchito njira imeneyi n'kotheka kokha ngati mwadzidzidzi, chifukwa kumuika kumakhala koopsa kwa akulu akulu.
Mbewu
Mbewu zipse kumapeto kwa September-kumayambiriro kwa October. Amachotsedwa mumabokosi ndikusunga mpaka kumayambiriro kwa kasupe. Amafesedwa mabokosi odzaza ndi mchenga, mchenga ndi mchenga. Mbewu zimabalalika pamwamba, mchenga wochepa wa mchenga woyera umayikidwa pamwamba, zomwe zimalepheretsa kuoneka kwa nthaka. Kuchokera pamwamba iwo ali ndi filimu kapena galasi. Mbeu yabwino kumera idzathandiza kuti nthawi zonse chinyezi chikhale chinyezi. Kuphuka kwa mbande kungatheke mu miyezi 1-1.5. Mu June, mbande ziyenera kuikidwa pamalo otseguka kuti zikule.
Munthu wodzichepetsa wokongoletsa munda wa shrub, deicia, amapatsa wamaluwa chisangalalo cha zaka zambiri zokongola.
