Dzuwa la Gerbera lamatumba - chisamaliro chakunyumba

Chomera chokongola modabwitsa ichi chinafika ku Europe kuchokera m'mphepete mwa South Africa. Chikhalidwechi chimakhala chosasangalatsa, koma chisamaliro cha chipinda cha gerbera kunyumba chidzayamika ndikuthokoza mwini wakeyo ndikutulutsa maluwa kokhazikika, kotalika.

Kodi gerbera imawoneka bwanji?

M'malo achilengedwe, duwa limafikira modabwitsa. Ma inflorescence akulu a gerbera akunja amawoneka ngati chamomile chamunda, koma kokha ndi mawonekedwe owala amitundu yotentha. Mitundu yokhala ndi maluwa awiri patali ikhoza kukhala yolakwika kwa aster.

Chikhalidwe chimanena za mbewu zosatha. Paulimi wamkati, obereketsa amabweretsamo gerbera wamkati - chitsamba chowoneka bwino ndi kutalika kosaposa 0.3 m.

Maluwa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba amasiyana pakati pawo momwe amapangira inflorescence ndi mithunzi ya petals. Koma kapangidwe kake ka oimira onse amtundu wa Astrov ndi omwewo.

Zizindikiro zakunja za gerberas

Makhalidwe	Kufotokozera
Tsinde	Pofupikira pamodzi wokhala ngati pakati, kutalika kwake ndiko 20-25 cm
Masamba	Kukula, kutalika, kupindika, kubiriwira. Anasonkhana mu malo oyambira. Mitengo ya Cirrus yomwe sinatulutsidwe simunayang'ane konse m'mphepete mwavy
Maluwa	Chachikulu, mpaka masentimita 5, mwa mawonekedwe a mtanga wowala. Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya utawaleza (kupatula buluu) ilipo muzithunzi. Mwa kuchuluka ndi makonzedwe a inflorescence petals, gerberas ndi yosavuta, terry ndi semi-iwiri. Mtundu wina, pakati ndipopepuka (kawirikawiri chikasu), mwa ena kumakhala kwamdima
Rhizome	Wamphamvu, wopangidwa ndi mizu yambiri ngati zingwe

Maluwa atamera, mbewuyo imapatsa mbewu ya zipatso, mu 1 g momwe imatha kukhala 300 mpaka 500 mbewu zazing'ono. Zitha kusonkhanitsidwa kuti zitheke chitsamba zatsopano.

Zosiyanasiyana zakulima kwakunyumba

Dutch botanist Reman adabweretsa ku Europe Gerbera Jameson. Anali iye yemwe adayambitsa mitundu yamakono ya maluwa owumbika. Pazonse, pali mitundu yoposa 80 ya gerberas m'chilengedwe. Kunyumba, mitundu yosakanizidwa yomwe imalimidwa ndi obereketsa imakulidwa. Kuti awatenge, Jameson adawoloka ndi mtundu wina - tsamba lobiriwira.

Omwe amachokera ku gerberas zapakhomo

Onani	Zikuwoneka bwanji
Jameson	Chidutswa chofupikika cha chomera chamtundu wa herbaceous sichitha kuwoneka kumbuyo kwa dosilo wandiweyani wa masamba owoneka bwino. Mabasiketi a Chamomile a mithunzi yosiyanasiyana amatha kukhala ochepa - 4 cm mulifupi, kapena lalikulu - pafupifupi 15 cm
Tsamba lobiriwira	Masamba ake ndi ngati dandelion - mbale zake ndi zazitali, zopanda masamba. Pamaso pawo pamakhala oyipa komanso olimba. Mapulogalamu osalala a pubescent amatha kufikira kutalika kwa mita 1. Kukwera kwakukulu kwa mitengo yokhotakhota kwapinki kumapangika pakorona.

Alcor ndi Aldebaran, omwe amasiyanitsidwa ndi masamba ochepa komanso maluwa ang'onoang'ono; Chifukwa cha kudutsa mitundu, alimi a maluwa ali ndi mwayi wosangalala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya gerbera kunyumba. Makamaka otchuka ndi:

• Vega, Megar ndi Jupiter amakhalanso ndi ma poleti, koma ma inflorescence amakhala ochepa kukula;
• chikondwererocho chimadziwika ndi zimayambira zazifupi ndi inflorescence zazikulu zazithunzi zosiyanasiyana;
• imadziwikanso ndi gerbera Durora (spelling yina - Durer), yoyimiriridwa ndi multicolor yowala pamapulogalamu afupiafupi.

Pakati pa mitundu yosakanikirana mungathe kupeza mawonekedwe azinthu zilizonse: rasipiberi wowala ndi wofiyira, lilac ndi zonona, salimoni ndi wachikasu, oyera oyera. Ma phalewo amakhalanso osiyanasiyana: mawonekedwe owoneka ngati singano, ozungulira, okhala ndi malangizo opindika.

Kutchuka

Funso "chifukwa chiyani gerbera mumphika wotchuka kwambiri" ndilosayeneranso kuyang'ana yankho - zonse zikuwoneka kale:

• Palibe chovuta kusamalira gerbera - ichi ndiye chomera chosachepera kwambiri;
• M'chilimwe, tchire zapanyumba zitha kuikidwa bwino m'malo mabedi wamaluwa - zimatha kusintha mikhalidwe yatsopano;
• mbewuyo ndi yowala, yokongoletsa, yomwe imatha kutulutsa kwa nthawi yayitali.

Chipinda Gerbera Care

Kukula zanyumbazi ndikosangalatsa. Koma, ngakhale kulekerera chikhalidwe kuti chisokoneze, ndikwabwino kuti pakhale zovuta kuti gerbera ikhale yabwino. Mwiniwake amangopindula ndi izi, atalandira chitsamba chowala bwino.

Komwe mungayikemo mnyumbamo

Malo omwe amakonda gerbera m'chipindacho ndiwowoneka bwino pawindo. Ngakhale kuti dzuwa lowongolera limatha kuvulaza mbewu. Chisankho chabwino kwambiri ndi mawindo akummawa kapena kumadzulo. Ngati muyenera kupitilira kumwera kwawindo, ndiye masana zenera liyenera kujambulidwa.

Chomera chimakonda mpweya wabwino ndipo sichiopa kukonzekera. Chifukwa chake, miphika yachilimwe yokhala ndi gerbera imasamutsidwa ku bwalo. Ngati mulibe dziko lanu, khonde ndi langwiro.

Kusankha mphika woti ubzale

Mitundu ya haibridi imafika ku malo ogulitsa maluwa m'mbale zonyamula. Sali oyenera kupitiliza kulima. Chifukwa chake, popeza mutapeza chomera chatsopano kunyumba, icho chiyenera kuti chiziikidwa kaye mumphika wabwino.

Kukula kwake kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo kuti chizungulire chikukula chisazime komanso chisapitirire mphikawo. Koma zotambalala kwambiri siziyenera kutengedwa.

Kupangitsa maluwa kutalika, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti gerbera izikale chaka chilichonse. Poterepa, mphika wotsatira umatengedwa kuposa wina wakale m'mimba mwake kokha masentimita 2-3.Ngati pakuya, mulingo woyenera kwambiri ndi 30 cm.

Kutentha

Wobadwa ku Africa amakonda kutentha, koma samalolera kutentha kwambiri. Kutentha kwa masika ndi chilimwe m'chipindacho kumasungidwa mkati mwa 22 ° C, mu kugwa kumatsitsidwa mpaka + 14 ° C, nthawi yozizira - mpaka + 12 ° C.

Kuwala

Gerberas ndi amodzi mwa mbewu za maola ochepa masana - osaposa maola 12. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yotentha, dzuwa litayamba kulowa ndikuyamba kuchedwa, tchire lofunikira silikhala pachimake, koma pangani masamba obiriwira.

M'nyengo yozizira, m'malo mwake, gerbera imafunikira kuwunikira kowonjezereka, komwe kumaperekedwa ndi nyali za fluorescent zomwe zimayang'ana pawindo. Zida zomwezi ndizoyenera nthawi iliyonse pachaka ngati duwa lili pazenera lakumpoto.

Kuthirira

Chomera chotentha sichimakonda chilala, choncho payenera kukhala madzi ambiri. Koma zochuluka kotero kuti chinyezi chimakwiririka m'nthaka, osasunthika pamalopo, apo ayi masamba asamba adzayamba kuvunda ndipo chitsamba chizayamba kudwala.

Madzi ozizira amathanso kusokoneza chitetezo chomera. Chifukwa chake, amangotenga madzi ofunda (+ 20 ° C), kapangidwe kofewa, kosasefedwa kapena kukhazikika.

M'nyengo yotentha, kuthirira kumachitika tsiku lililonse, nthawi yozizira - monga pakufunika. Ngati nkovuta kudziwa kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chomwe chomera chikufunika, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti madziwo azithiridwa mu chithupsa, pakatha mphindi 15 mpaka 20 kuchotsera owonjezera.

Chinyezi ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa

Ngati gerbera ikamera mnyumbamo, chisamaliro chimatanthauzira chinyezi mchipindacho. Madzi sayenera kugwera masamba, chifukwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa sikumachokera.

Ngati sizotheka kugula chinyontho cha mpweya, mutha kuyikamo beseni lamadzi pafupi ndi windowsill kapena kusunga miyala yonyowa mu pallet.

Dothi

Kwa exotic, dothi loyenera kwambiri lili ndi ph phindi ya 6,6 mayunitsi. Mwa magawo ogulidwa, nthaka ya maluwa ndi yoyenera. Mutha kuphika zophatikizika zopangidwa ndi pepala, peat ndi mchenga (chimodzimodzi). Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyambitsa khungwa locheperako la pine pansi.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Kusamalira nyumba ku Gerber ndikulinga kuti ikhale kuthengo. Imakhala ndi maluwa nthawi yayitali, choncho ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza zovuta nyengo yonse:

• kuyambira Epulo mpaka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti - milungu iwiri iliyonse;
• Mukapuma, valani kwambiri nthawi 1 pamwezi.

Maluwa atangomera, zokonda zimaperekedwa kwa feteleza wokhala ndi potaziyamu yambiri. M'nyengo yozizira, nayitrogeni iyenera kupambana.

Feteleza zachilengedwe sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti zisatenthe mizu ya mbewu. Mwa michere, Biosad, Forte, etc. ndi abwino.

Gerbera maluwa

Momwe maluwa amera chomera chotentha akuwonekera pamwambapa. Makamaka chidwi chake chikuyenera kulipira kuti fungo la kununkhira kwa chitsamba. Gerbera zochita zachilengedwe zimadalira masana

• ngati yayifupi kwambiri, mbewuyo imalowa m'malo wopuma (m'miyezi yachisanu);
• Kutalika kwa maola opitilira 12, chitsamba chikukula msanga (kuyambira kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe);
• Maluwa amapezeka mu Ogasiti, ndipo ma gerbera amatulutsa kwambiri mpaka kumapeto kwa Novembala.

Wamaluwa wopanda nzeru amayesa kusunga maluwa m'nyengo yozizira. Koma pansi pa izi, chitsamba sichitha zaka zopitilira 2. Popanda kugona, azitopa ndikufa.

Chifukwa chiyani sichimera

Ngakhale chisamaliro chabwino kunyumba, gerbera mumphika imangosangalatsa zaka zoyambirira 3-4 za moyo ndi maluwa. Kenako mphamvu ya budding imachepa kapena kutha kwathunthu (ichi ndi chinthu cha mbewu).

Palinso chifukwa china choperewera - tchire linangokhala ndi mphamvu zonse pomanga zobiriwira m'nthawi yolakwika. Izi zimatha kupsya mtima ndi mulitali wa nayitrogeni m'nthaka kapena mphika wambiri.

Momwe zipinda za gerbera

Ngakhale kudziwa kusamalira bwino kachilombo ka kachilomboka mumphika, muyenera kutsatira kuti chitsamba chidzafa. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuda nkhawa ndi momwe mungafalitsire chomera chomwe mumakonda.

Kumera kwa mbeu

Gerbera amafesedwa mu Marichi, pogwiritsa ntchito zitsulo kapena mbande (pansi pa chitetezo cha film). Masamba 2-3 akangowoneka pa mbande, mbewu zimadumphira m'madzi. Mukapanga tsamba la 5, mbande zimakhazikika m'miphika yosiyana. Madzi amathiridwa nthawi yomweyo, mbande zimafunikira kudyetsedwa m'mwezi umodzi.

Mizu yodula

Kudula ndi njira yovuta kwambiri komanso yodalirika. Kuti chitsamba chizitha kubereka mwanjira imeneyi, chimayenera kukhala ndi mizu yathanzi. Ndikofunikira kudula chidutswa cha nthiti ndi tsinde kuchokera ku chomera cha chiberekero.

Dulani zodula, kusiya masamba 1-2. Ndikofunikira kufupikitsa ndi 1/3 ndi mbale. Anabzala nthawi yomweyo mumphika wosiyana ndi kuphimba ndi mtsuko wagalasi. Zodulidwa zimaziyendetsa tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo chinyezi cha nthaka chimayendera. Ngati ili youma, onjezerani madzi poto.

Masamba atsopano akawoneka pa tsinde, gerbera iyenera kutsegulidwa kwathunthu.

Kuperekera kwa Pot

Ngati pakufunika pobwezeretsa mbewuyo, imachotsedwa pamphika ndipo chitsamba chimagawika magawo ena. Njirayi imapangidwa bwino kwambiri pambuyo pa maluwa, gerbera isanagone. Kukhazikitsidwa kwapachaka kwa tanki yayikulu kumachitika mchaka. Nthawi yomweyo kutsatira malangizo a-step-algorithm:

• dongo lokulitsidwa, njerwa zosweka kapena miyala pansi amaikidwa mumphika watsopano;
• mmera umachotsedwa mosamala mu chidebe chakale ndikusinthidwa ndikuchotseredwa ndi dothi;

• malo pakati pa dothi loumbapo ndi makhoma amadzazidwa ndi gawo latsopanolo.

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Imakhalirabe kuthirira mbewu ndikuyikhazikitsa pamalo osatha. Masiku oyambilira kutalikirana, chitsamba chimafuna chisamaliro chapadera.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula

Ngakhale gerbera wosasamala limatha kudwala. Zomera zimayimira thanzi lake pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zakunja.

Mavuto okula

Dzinalo	Zifukwa
Tembenukani chikasu, masamba ofota Zomera zimatsitsa masamba	· Kuchuluka kapena kusowa chinyezi; Matenda a fungus
Pepala lanyimbo limasinthidwa	Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa, zobiriwira zimataya kuwala kwake
Chitsamba chinatalikirana kwambiri	Chomera chimasowa masana

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Kuphwanya lamulo lililonse kumabweretsa matenda. Gerbera wosakhazikika angadwale:

• powdery mildew ndi putrid imvi yolembera (chifukwa chake mpweya wabwino ndi kuchepa kwamadzi);
• Fusarium ndi phytophthora, wokwiyitsidwa ndikuphwanya kutentha ndi mawonekedwe;
• kuwukira kwa nsabwe za m'masamba, zovala zoyera ndi maula wa kangaude, kuwonekera kowuma.

Mankhwalawa ikuchitika ndi fungicides. Tizirombo timayang'aniridwa ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matenda.

Nditaphunzira mutu wa momwe mungasamalire kachilombo koyambitsa matenda kachilomboka, sikudzakhala kovuta kuti mukule. Kupanga chitsamba kukongoletsa kwenikweni kwamkati, tikulimbikitsidwa kubzala mbewu m'miphika ya mthunzi womwewo monga inflorescence pamitanda.