Zinsinsi za kukula kwa verbena kuchokera kwa mbewu ndi maluwa kufalikira ndi zidutswa zapakhomo

Ampel verbena ndi yoyenera kulima m'minda yam'munda ndi miphika pamaponde. Mitengo yake yosatha imakula m'dera la South ndi Central America.

Kunyumba, anabzala nsomba za pachaka. Kutchuka kwa duwa kumabwera chifukwa cha maluwa ake ambiri, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pulogalamu, chipiriro ndi kukana kwa chilala. Nkhaniyi idzafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane kuti kulima mbewu ndi zipatso.

Kodi chomera ichi n'chiyani?

Chomera ndi thermophilic, sichimalola kuzizira, mofulumira amafa mu chisanu cha nyengo. Kutalika kwa duwa kumayambira kumatha kufika masentimita 60, kumakula bwino ndi maluwa nthawi ya chitsamba chimodzi akhoza kutenga malo oposa 0,5 sq.m.

Makhalidwe apamwamba a vervain ali:

1. mitundu yosiyana-siyana - mitundu yoposa 250 imamera;
2. Mtedza - wobiriwira wobiriwira, mawonekedwe - kuzungulira kapena ovunda, pamphepete pamakhala ma clove, tsamba limaphimbidwa ndi nsalu;
3. mithunzi ya maluwa imatha kusiyana ndi yoyera mpaka yofiira ndi buluu;
4. maluwa onse ali ndi mapaundi asanu;
5. Maluwa amasonkhanitsidwa mumagulu akuluakulu;
6. nthawi yaitali yamaluwa, kuyambira mu July ndi kutha mu October.

Ampel verbena pambuyo pa mtedza wa mtedza ndi mbeu, mtundu wa chipolopolo ukhoza kukhala wobiriwira kapena wofiira.

Kodi mungabereke bwanji?

Mwachizoloŵezi, zimakonda kugwiritsa ntchito njira zitatu zobereketsera.:

• Cuttings.
• Kugawanika kwa tchire.
• Mbeu za mbeu.

Kudula ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yobzalitsira mitundu ya mbewu yomwe siimapanga mbewu. Chifukwa cha njirayi, maluwa imayamba kale kuposa nthawi zonse, nthawi yake yayitali kuposa njira yobzala mbewu.

TIP: Chosankha chogawanika ndi chitsamba ndi choyenera kwa mankhwala a verbena. Ndi mpeni chitsamba ndipo muzu wake umadulidwa m'magulu angapo, malo owonongeka amawongolera ndi malasha osweka.

Njira ndi kumera kwa mbande kuchokera ku mbewu - zomwe zimapezeka. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa mitundu yowakanizidwa yosatheka kubereka kunyumba.

Kukula Mbewu ya Verbena

Mbewu imamera pansi pa filimu kapena galasi. Mphamvu ndi nthaka ndi bwino kuika pamalo abwino. Miyezi yoyamba mbewuyo idzafuna mchere wambiri wothira ndi nayitrogeni feteleza. Mukamabzala mbande pakati pa tchire, mtunda wa masentimita makumi atatu ndi atatu uyenera kutsalira. Ndikoyenera kutumiza kumalo otseguka kumapeto kwa May kapena kumayambiriro kwa June.

Verbena wotsutsa matenda ambiri ndi tizirombo.. Mdani wake wamkulu ndi aphid.

Penyani kanema pa kukula kwa verbena kuchokera ku mbewu:

Zotsatira za kucha

Verbena amapanga mbeu pambuyo maluwa. Ndi kosavuta kuwerengera nthawi yakuphuka kwa mbewu - zipatso zomwe zaonekera (mtedza) zimasintha mtundu wawo kuti zikhale zofiira ndipo zimayamba kuuma. Pa nthawiyi, amatha kudula ndikuyika pa pepala kapena chidutswa cha nsalu kuti chiume. Mabotolo amayenera kutembenuzidwa nthawi ndi nthawi, mwinamwake amawoneka m'matumba a nkhungu.

Chidziwikiritso cha mbewu zokolola za verbena ndi chakuti kunyumba sikutheka kusungiratu malo onse a zitsamba za kholo. Ngati mabokosi omwe ali ndi mbewu yoyamba idaikidwa chizindikiro cha F1, ndiye kuti mitunduyi yodzipatula sizigwira ntchito.

Maonekedwe

Mbeu za Verbena zimakhala zozembera. Mtundu wawo umachokera kubiriwira mpaka kuwala kofiirira. Kunja, amawoneka ngati timitengo tating'ono tochepa.

Mbewu za mtundu umodzi, mbewuzo zikhoza kukhala pansi pa chipolopolo choda. Mbaliyi imakhudza mlingo wa kumera - dikirani kuti kutuluka kwa mphukira yoyamba ikhale ndi nthawi yaitali kuposa nthawi zonse.

Chithunzi

M'munsimu mudzawona chomwe chomera chikuwoneka ngati chithunzi.

Kusonkhanitsa

Zipatso zikawuma, mbewu zimatengedwa kuti zakupsa.. Panthawi imeneyi, mabokosiwa ndi ogawidwa bwino m'magawo anayi, mbewu zawo zimatsanulidwa mu envelopu yamapepala. Zakudya zimenezi ziyenera kusungidwa pamalo ozizira ndi ofunda. N'zotheka kugwiritsira ntchito kulima mbeu mmasika oyambirira.

Kusamalira kwanu

Mbeu ya Verbena imamera mu January ndi February; March akuyesa nyengo yabwino yofesa. Masiku asanu musanadzalemo, mbewu izi ziyenera kuyendetsedwa - zikulumikizidwa mu minofu yowuma, yomwe imayikidwa mu thumba la pulasitiki.

Phukusili likuyikidwa mu dipatimenti ya masamba ya firiji. Pang'onopang'ono, njira yobzala ndikukula verbena kuchokera ku mbeu imapezeka motere.:

1. Kukonzekera kwa mabokosi ndi nthaka - ngalande yayikidwa pansi, chisanadze mkangano nthaka osakaniza udzathiridwa pamwamba, nthaka pang'ono wothira.

   ZOFUNIKA: Nthaka yofesa mbewu zazitsamba zikhale zosalala, zowonongeka, zowoneka bwino komanso zosasintha.
2. Mbewu imabzalidwa, kawirikawiri siyikuphimbidwa ndi nthaka kuchokera pamwamba, koma mapangidwe a gawo lochepa kwambiri la humus kapena nthaka ya nthaka amaloledwa. Zomera zambewu zimanyozedwa ndi utsi.
3. Bokosi kapena mphika ndi mbande zam'tsogolo zimadzazidwa ndi filimu kapena zina zotsegula komanso zamadzimadzi (galasi mtsuko, chivindikiro cha pulasitiki).
4. Mitsuko ndi mbewu zomwe anabzala zimayikidwa pamalo otentha, kutentha komwe kumakhala kuchokera madigiri 18 mpaka 22 kumakhala kosungidwa m'chipinda chino.
5. Mankhwala omwe amapezeka pa chivindikiro ayenera kuchotsedwa mwachangu poyendetsa mbande panthawiyi.
6. Pambuyo masiku 20-30, mphukira zoyamba zikuwonekera. Panthawiyi, mufunika malo ozizira komanso owala bwino. Ngati ndi kotheka, amaloledwa kutalikitsa dzuwa kwa zomera pogwiritsa ntchito fitolampy.
7. Gawo lotsatira likutenga - limapangidwa panthawi yomwe mphukira ili ndi timapepala awiri. Kudyetsa kumachitika ndi nthawi ya masabata awiri.
8. Pambuyo popanga mapeyala 4 a masamba a ampel mitundu, m'pofunika kupotola;
9. Kodi kudzala liti? Mapeto a Meyi kapena theka la June. Musanabzala, mchere wamchere ndi nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu akuwonjezedwa ku malo osankhidwa. Mwamsanga zitatha izi, zomera zimakhala madzi okwanira.

Ntchito zina zowonjezera zitsamba zimachepetsedwa kuti zikhazikike komanso kuthirira. Kuonjezerapo nthawi yopitilira ulimi wothirira, dothi la pamwamba liyenera kukhala lopangidwa ndi peat.

Kubereka zipatso - zowonjezera malangizo

Kuphatikizira, maluwa a makolowo amasunthira ku chipinda cha nyengo yozizira, kusunga kutentha pamtunda wa madigiri 5-10. Ndondomeko yoyenera kubzala cuttings imayamba kumapeto kwa February kapena mu March. Ndondomeko ikudutsa muzigawo izi.:

1. Kukonzekera kwa nthaka kusakaniza, komwe kumachokera pa peat ndi agro-perlite ndi mchenga.
2. Kuwotcha nthaka ndikudzaza ndi mabokosi a mbande.
3. Cuttings ndi odulidwa - pamwamba mphukira ndi 4-6 timapepala ndi abwino kwa iwo. Pansi pa masamba apansi pa tsambalo, m'pofunika kusiya tsinde 1 cm kutalika. Mapepala otsika amachotsedwa asanabzala kudula.
4. Mu nthaka kuti mupange tizilombo tating'onoting'ono (mosavuta, mungagwiritse ntchito masewero kapena mankhwala opangira mano).
5. Zigawo za cuttings zilowetsedwa muzu, zimayambira zimabzalidwa m'makonzedwe okonzeka.
6. Mbande kuphimba ndi pulasitiki kapena galasi mtsuko, osaiwala nthawi ventilate.
7. Phimbani ndi polyethylene / galasi pamwamba. Nthawi zambiri amawomba.

Penyani kanema pa kuswana mau odulidwa:

Malangizo othandizira ndi machenjezo

Pamene mukukula verbena, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mwapadera mutetezedwe ku powdery mildew, nsabwe za m'masamba, ndi kuvunda. Nthaŵi zambiri, chifukwa cha matendawa ndi madzi a nthawi zonse..

Pamene maonekedwe a masamba ofiira ayenera kukhala ochepa pa kuthirira, chotsani mbali zonse zakuwonongeka za mbewu. Pofuna kuteteza tizirombo, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito tizilombo.

TIP: Kupititsa patsogolo maluwa, zowuma zimadulidwa - kudula kwa kotala la mphukira.

Mitundu yosatha ya verbena ingasungidwe pamalo otseguka popanda kuika. Pofika pamapeto pake, chomeracho chimadulidwa mu kugwa mpaka pamtunda. Kuchokera kumwamba, maluwawo amawazidwa ndi nthambi za spruce, zomwe zingathandize kutentha kwa mizu ya verbena.

Ampelnaya verbena - njira yothetsera zokongoletsa mawindo, makonde ndi malo odyera. Amawoneka bwino m'mapiri a alpine, chonde ndi nthawi yaitali yamaluwa. Chomera ichi ndi chodzichepetsa komanso chimadwala matenda, koma chimakhala chozizira kwambiri komanso chimakhala chosasintha.