Kaladium - chisamaliro chakunyumba, chithunzi

Caladium (Caladium) - chikhalidwe cholimba chamkati kuchokera kubanja la Aroid. Mwachilengedwe, ogawidwa kumadera otentha a South America ndi India. Caladium adatchuka ngati duwa lanyumba chifukwa cha masamba ake okongola kwambiri obiriwira okhala ndi madontho osiyanasiyana, mawanga ndi mawonekedwe osiyana. Kwa mawonekedwe osazolowereka ndi mawonekedwe amasamba, chikhalidwecho mwachilengedwe chimatchedwa "Angel Wings", "Mtima wa Kristu" ndi Ivory Ears.

Mphukira pa caladium ndizochepa kwambiri, nthawi zambiri zimakhala, zotsekedwa kapena zowoneka bwino mumtima. Chomera chimafuna chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro. Indoor caladium siimakula msanga - kuchokera 10 mpaka 12 masamba amawoneka nthawi yakula, ndipo duwa lokha limafika kutalika kwa 30 mpaka 60 cm, ndipo mwachilengedwe chikhalidwecho chimakula mpaka 5 metres.

Mbali yolimayo ndi nyengo yachidule, pomwe caladium imataya masamba ake ndi "kuzizira", chifukwa chake imakonda kukhala chaka.

Poizoni wa Kaladium

Madzi omwe ali mumasamba a chomera, ngati alowa mucous nembanemba, angayambitse mkwiyo komanso kuwotcha. Cholakwika chonse ndimakristali a oxalate omwe amapezeka m'menemo. Pazovuta, mmera ungayambitse poyizoni wa m'mimba, kuyabwa ndi kutupa kwa mphuno.

Kusamalira caladium kunyumba. Mwachidule

Caladium kunyumba imafuna chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro. Kupanda kutero, ngati kusintha kwa kutentha sikuyang'aniridwa, kuyerekezera kwapakati pa hydrate ndi malamulo ena kumayang'aniridwa, mbewuyo imataya mwachangu mawonekedwe ake okongoletsa, imasiya kukula mwachangu ndipo imatha kufa kwathunthu. Monga mbewu zambiri zotentha, caladium imafunanso kwambiri kutentha, chinyezi chamkati komanso kuyatsa.

Malamulo oyambira posamalira duwa:

Kusamalira caladium kunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Kusamalira nyumba kwa Caladium kumafuna kusamala komanso pafupipafupi, koma poyang'anira malamulo onse, mbewuyo imakondwera ndi kupenya kwake ndi kuwala kwa masamba. Mtengowo umagwirizana kwambiri ndi kuwala kowala, ndizosavomerezeka kuti kuwala kwadzuwa kolunjika kumasamba. Kalalinso imafunikanso kuonetsetsa kuti kuthirira koyenera kumayendetsa nthaka kuti madzi asamavunde komanso kuti ivunda mizu, komanso kuti mbewuyo isamve kutentha.

Pachithunzi cha Caladium

Ngati maluwa a caladium akunyumba, ndiye kuti malo abwino amapangidwira. Koma wamaluwa ambiri nthawi zambiri samakwaniritsa mawonekedwe a maluwa mu mbewuyi.

Amakutidwa ndi miyala yaying'ono ya pinki, yoyera komanso yocheperako - chikasu, sanyamula zipatso zambiri zokongoletsa poyerekeza ndi mitundu yobiriwira ya masamba.

Njira yotentha

Kuti mukule mwachangu komanso maonekedwe okongola, Kaligayo amafunika kutentha. Monga mbewu zambiri zomwe zimachokera ku malo otentha, sizimalola kukonzekera ndikuchepetsa kutentha kwa mpweya panthawi yamasamba yogwira. Moyenera, ngati chipindacho chili + 20- + 25 madigiri. Caladium ikapuma, amapeza malo abwino, komwe kutentha kumakhalako + 8- + 10 madigiri.

Simuyenera kuchepetsa kwambiri kutentha, ndibwino kuzichita pang'onopang'ono.

Kuwaza

Pansi pazachilengedwe, caladium imakhala m'malo achinyezi, motero imayankha bwino chinyezi. Osakhazikitsa mphika wamaluwa pafupi ndi zida zamagetsi. Ndikofunika kuwongolera chinyezi mchipindachi pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera - humidifiers. Caladium iyenera kutsanulidwa nthawi zonse kuchokera ku botolo lothira ndi kupukuta masamba ndi nsalu yonyowa.

Kuwala

Kuunikira kwabwino m'chipindacho ndikutsimikizira kuti masamba a caladium adzakhala ndi mtundu wapamwamba komanso wosangalatsa ndi kowala kwa mikwingwirima ndi mawanga. Koma chomera chodabwitsachi chimavomerezanso mthunzi. Chifukwa chake, imatha kumera bwino pazenera la sill kuchokera kumpoto ndi kumadzulo. Ndipo apa kuwongolera dzuwa kungamupweteketsemawanga adzaoneka pa mphukira.

Kuthirira

Kuti duwa la caladium likule bwino panyumba ndikuwoneka yapamwamba, pamafunika kuperekedwa ndi boma loyenerera. M'nyengo yotentha, pomwe chikhalidwecho chikukula, amafunika kusinthasintha pafupipafupi komanso kuchulukana. Izi zimachitika osachepera 1-2 m'masiku 7-10.

Koma madzi sayenera kuzimiririka ndi dongo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti masamba ndi mizu yonse itayike. Thirirani pansi mafuta a caladium mutangotuluka gawo lokwanira mpaka masentimita 1-2. M'malo ozizira, mbewuyo siyothiriridwa madzi, koma iyenera kuthandizidwa kuti ikapumula, nyemba zadothi sizuma.

Poto wa Caladium

Miphika yomera yotentha simusankhidwa kuti ikhale yayikulu kwambiri, koma yokwanira. M'lifupi mwake chotengera chodzala caladium chikhale chachitatu kwambiri poyerekeza ndi chitsamba chomwe. Ndikofunikira kuti mabowo okumba apangidwe pansi.

Mphika woumbika, womwe umatha kukonza mpweya wabwino ndikuutchinjiriza kuti usaume, ndi wabwino.

Caladium Primer

Dothi la duwa liyenera kukhala lopepuka, lotayirira, lopanda asidi. Kuti apange gawo lapansi lolondola, amadzitengera pawokha magawo atatu a munda wokongola, gawo limodzi la peat komanso gawo limodzi la mchenga. Mutha kugula kusakaniza kopangidwa ndi dothi lakumunda kwa zinthu zosungira.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Feteleza wamadzi am'madzi omwe ali ndi calcium amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mavalidwe apamwamba ayenera kuikidwa katatu pakadutsa pamwezi ndi kuthirira. M'dzinja, pafupipafupi kuvala kwapamwamba kumachepetsedwa, ndipo nthawi yozizira amasiya kuthira manyowa.

Kuphatikizika kwa caladium

Nthawi yakumapeto ikafika kumapeto (kumapeto kwa Okutobala - kumayambiriro kwa Marichi), chomeracho chimafunikira kuziika kuti chitha kudzuka. Kuti achite izi, amachotsa mumphika, amayang'ana mizu yonse ya tuber, ndipo ngati pakuwoneka, achotseni ndi lumo lakuthwa kapena pruner.

Chidacho chimabzalidwa mumphika wokhala ndi zotungira zadothi ndi dothi lakuya wosachepera 5. cm mutha kuyika timizu tambiri m'madzi amodzi kamodzi.

Nthawi yopumula

Ndi kuyambika kwa nthawi yophukira, mphukira zatsopano zimasiya kuwoneka mu chomera ndi caladium kunyumba kusiya. Pakadali pano, muyenera kuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwa kuthirira ndikusinthanso mphika wamaluwa m'malo ozizira. Kumayambiriro kwa dzinja, masamba onse amachotsedwa ku caladium ndikutumizidwa "nthawi yozizira" m'chipinda chokhala ndi mpweya wochepa.

Kubala kwa Caladium

Caladium imafalitsidwa mosavuta ndipo chaka chilichonse mutha kupeza chomera chatsopano ndi masamba okongola.

Kuchuluka kwa tuber wa caladium

Njira yofala kwambiri yofalitsira caladium ndi tuber. Mababu angagulidwe m'masitolo apadera kapena kuwapeza kuchokera kwa amayi asthenia mwa magawano. Asanabzala, tuber imayendera kupezeka kwa matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, zowola ndi nkhungu. Mu chomera chachikulire, "ana" amapangidwa - mababu ang'onoang'ono omwe amachotsedwa mosavuta ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mbewu.

Ngati palibe "ana", mutha kugawa tuber ya amayi, koma gawo lililonse liyenera kukhala ndi impso ziwiri. Magawo a bulb amathandizidwa ndi makala kuti aletse kuwola. Mu gawo lokonzekereratu la mchenga ndi peat, ikani ma tubers ndi odulidwa ndikuwaza ndi nthaka yotsalayo kuti izitha kukula kwa 4-5 cm.

Kukula Caladium kuchokera ku Mbewu

Mbewu za "zokongola" zotentha zimagulidwa m'misika yamaluwa. Pobzala, gwiritsani ntchito tinthu tating'onoting'ono, tothina, tomwe timathiridwa mu mbale yosaya ndipo mbewuzo zimayikidwa m'manda kotero kuti kutalika kwa dothi pamwamba pawo ndikofanana ndi kukula kwa tuber yomwe. Kuti zimere bwino, zimagwiritsa ntchito "wowonjezera kutentha" - zimangophimba kubzala ndi filimu kapena galasi.

Ikani chidebe ndi mbewu pamalo otentha pomwe kutentha kwa mpweya sikutsika pansi +23. Akangotulutsa mphukira zatsopano, nthawi zonse amathiridwa madzi otentha chipinda kuchokera ku botolo lothira. Kumera kwa mbeu kumatenga milungu 3-4.

Nthawi yabwino yoswana ndikutha kwa mwezi wa February kapena koyambirira kwa Marichi.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Caladium ndi chomera chowoneka bwino chomwe chimayankha nthawi yomweyo chisamaliro chosayenera, kuphwanya kwa ulimi wothirira komanso kusintha kwa kutentha kwa chipinda. Pakulima maluwa a motley, zovuta zotsatirazi zingachitike:

• Masamba a Caladium amapindika - Ndikofunikira kupeza malo otentha kuti muzibzalire.
• Masamba a bulauni ndi owuma - osakwanira chinyezi, muyenera kusintha makatani.
• Wotani pamasamba - chinyezi chambiri kwambiri, nsabwe za m'masamba zitha kuwoneka.
• Caladium imachoka - yopanda kuwala kokwanira, komanso kouma mchipindamo.
• Masamba a Caladium amwalira - Iyi ndi njira yachilengedwe pomwe mphukira zatsopano zimawonekera, koma ngati masambawo afa, muyenera kudyetsa mbewuyo ndi feteleza wa mchere ndi nayitrogeni.
• Masamba a Caladium samasulidwa - kuwala kosakwanira.
• Masamba amasanduka achikasu ndi owuma - munthawi yazomera zogwira ntchito, mawonetseredwe oterewa ndi omwe amabwera chifukwa chothirira mosayenera komanso kusowa kwa feteleza. Ngati izi zichitika mu kugwa, ndiye kuti mbewuyo ikungokonzekera nthawi yopumira.
• Zouma masamba m'mphepete - kuwala kwa dzuwa, kuyikidwa kosayenera, kuthirira kosayenera.
• Caladium imakula bwino kapena masamba ang'ono - muyenera kusankha zomwe zimapangidwa ndi feteleza wamamineral ndikupeza malo owala kwambiri kuti muike duwa.

Ngati sathiriridwa mosasinthika, caladium imatha kuvunda mwachangu ma tubers. Popeza mudawachotsa panthaka, muyenera kuyang'ana zowola. Ngati tubers ndi zofewa ndikusanduka chikasu, duwa limafa.

Caladium nthawi zambiri imagwidwa ndi tizilombo zovulaza. Nthawi zambiri, amakhala "wogwidwa" chifukwa chogwidwa ndi kangaude, aphid, mealybug. Pewani tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pomera masamba ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Mitundu ya nyumba ya Caladium yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Padziko lapansi pali mitundu yopitilira 15,000 ndi mitundu yamitundu iyi. Koma m'maluwa amkati, ochepa okha ndi omwe amatha kusintha.

Caladium bicolor (Caladium bicolor)

Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa. Masamba amitundu iwiri ya caladium ndi wobiriwira wobiriwira wokhala ndi mitsempha yoyera, mikwingwirima ndi mawanga. M'mphepete mwa tsamba lililonse la chomera pamakhala malire wobiriwira.

Caladium Humboldt (Caladium Humboldtii)

Mtunduwu ndiwosavuta kubereka, ndikhululuka ena amalekerera kusintha komwe kumachitika nyengo komanso kayendedwe ka ulimi wothirira. Masamba ndi owonda, amatha kusiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mawanga oyera ndi siliva ndi mikwingwirima pamtundu wobiriwira wakuda. Mbewuyi ndi yaying'ono, pofalikira. Ndi kuyatsa koyenera, mutha kukwaniritsa mawonekedwe a masamba ngakhale nthawi yozizira komanso kupewa nthawi yopuma.

Caladium Schomburg (Caladium schomburgkii Schott)

Chokopa ndi mawonekedwe ndi ma masamba ofiira ndi mawonekedwe a siliva. Pansi pamasamba pake pali utoto. Omenyedwa, ozungulira, pang'ono ofanana ndi mtima, yayikulu - kutalika mpaka 15 cm, m'lifupi - mpaka 12 cm.