Braynia - chomera chomera chomera chokongola kwambiri chochokera kumadera otentha. Mpaka posachedwa, chikhalidwecho chinamangidwa m'minda ndi malo obiriwira, koma zaka makumi angapo zapitazo adasankhidwa kuti azisamalira. Malangizo ochokera m'nkhaniyi adzakuthandizani kuti mupeze mosavuta maluwa awa.
Mafotokozedwe a botanical a zomera zamkati
Braynia (Breynia) ndi osakanikirana omwe amakhala osatha a mtundu wa Euphorbia, a firiji Filantovy.
Ikhoza kufika pa miyeso yodabwitsa - pafupifupi mamita awiri mu msinkhu. Koma ngati akukhumba, kukula kwake kungakhoze kuchepetsedwa mwa kukwaniritsa kakang'ono kakuda chitsamba ndi korona wokongola.
Monga maluwa a panyumba amalimidwa makamaka ku Brainy chisanu (Breynia nivosa). Analandira dzina loyamikira chifukwa cha mawanga oyera pa masamba ofiira. Chitsanzo pa masamba chikufanana ndi ma marble.
Mabala a Brainya ali ndi kukongola kodabwitsa. Pansi pa mtengo, kawirikawiri mtunduwo umakhala wotchedwa monophonic, ndipo pakati ndi pamtunda wa korona wobiriwira ndi zofiira zoyera zikupezeka. Nthawi zina pali nsonga yoyera ya chipale chofewa. Tsamba ndi losalala, lofiira, lokhala ndi mavoti, lokhala ndi kachikopa kakang'ono kuchokera kumtambo waukulu. Masambawa ndi ochepa - mpaka masentimita asanu m'litali ndi 2.5 masentimita awiri.
Tsinde limayima, limakhala ndi luso lapamwamba. Pamene mphukira zazing'ono zikukula, zimakhala zolimba, kuchokera ku mtundu wobiriwira zimakonzedwanso mu njerwa.
Osatha limamasula mu August, kupereka pang'ono kuwala wobiriwira paniculate inflorescences. Chodabwitsa kwambiri, maluwa samapanga zokongoletsera kwa chomera - motsatira maziko a korona wodabwitsa, womwe ndi chokongoletsera chachikulu cha brainya, maluwa ake amawonekeratu. Komabe, amakopeka ndi fungo lawo lokoma, lofanana ndi fungo la jasmine.
Mukudziwa? Chomera chofulumira kwambiri padziko lapansi ndi nsungwi. Imawonjezera kutalika kwake ndi 0,75-0.9 mamita pa tsiku.
Zomwe zimakulira kunyumba
Kukula kwa ubongo mu zikhalidwe za chipinda ndi chophweka. Mavuto angakhalepo ndi mapangidwe.
Malo ndi kuunikira
Malo abwino kwambiri m'nyumba yosungirako Brainya ndi mawindo a kum'mwera. Zimasinthidwanso kuti mawindo akuyang'ane kumadzulo kapena kummawa. Komabe, mawindo a kumpoto kwa chikhalidwe sangakhale ndi kuwala kokwanira kuti akule bwino.
Masana, duwa imafuna kuunika kwakukulu. Ngati kuwala sikusowa, kudzakhudza maonekedwe a chomera - chitsanzo pa masamba chidzakhala chosasangalatsa komanso chosasangalatsa. Koma kuwala kwa dzuŵa kuyenera kufalikira. Pofuna kupewa kutentha pa masamba, m'nyengo yotentha maluwawo ndi bwino kusamukira pamalo amdima.
Kutentha kwa mpweya ndi chinyezi
Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe, brainya amakonda kutentha: pafupifupi kutentha kumafunika + 22 ... +25 ° С. M'miyezi yotsalayo, peresenti ziyenera kuperekedwa bwino - pafupifupi 15 ... +16 ° C.
Maluwawo si ovuta kuzizira mu chipinda chokhala ndi mpweya wouma - chinyezi chokonda braynia chimakhala chosowa chopopera mbewu ndi chinyezi. Ngati sizingatheke kupopera mbewuzo nthawi zonse, nkofunika kuyika pa khola ndi dothi wothira.
Kusamalira kwanu
Chifukwa cha maluwa a chilengedwe choyambirira tinganene kuti ndi odzichepetsa. Komabe, malamulo angapo omwe akulima nawo adakali oyenera kuyang'anitsitsa.
Mukudziwa? Mitengo yakale kwambiri padziko lapansi ndi algae. Akhala akhala pafupi zaka 1 biliyoni.
Kusamba malamulo
Mu gawo la chitukuko chogwira ntchito, dziko siliyenera kuuma pansi pa ubongo. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa, makamaka ngati duwa limakhala locheperapo kuposa kutentha kwake. Ngati chipinda chiri +20 ... + 22 ° С, nthaka iyenera kusungidwa mvula yamadzi.
Njira yabwino kwambiri ya ulimi wothirira - ulimi wothirira kuchokera pamwamba pa kuthirira ukhoza kukhala ndi mtunda wautali. Madzi ayenera kutengeka ofunda, asanakhazikitsidwe.
Kupaka pamwamba
Manyowa amapangidwa ndi feteleza zamadzimadzi zonse (zolembedwa kuti "zitsamba zamkati"). Imwani chomera mogwirizana ndi ndondomeko yosonyeza phukusi.
Kuyambira kasupe mpaka autumn, feteleza iyenera kuchitika mlungu uliwonse kapena nthawi imodzi mu masabata awiri, m'nyengo yozizira - nthawi imodzi mu masabata 3-4.
Kudulira
Izi zimatha kulima masamba okongola. Korona wokongola kwambiri yokongoletsedwa amaoneka okongola kwambiri. Wotchuka kwambiri ndi bonsai zojambula.
Maluwa amalekerera kudulira mosavuta - izo zimapindulitsa. Nthambi zonse zowuma, zowuma ziyenera kuchotsedwa. Pakatha milungu iwiri, mphukira zatsopano ziwonekera. Mutha kuchoka phesi imodzi yokha, ndipo kuchokera kumsana wachinyamata kuchokera pansi - nthawizonse muchotseni.
Komabe, alimi ena a maluwa akuyesera kuti asayese braynia, pokhala okhutira ndi kukanikiza mphukira kuti aziwapatsa voliyumu yambiri.
Kuwaza
Young zomera amaikidwa chaka chilichonse mu kasupe kapena chilimwe, akuluakulu - kamodzi pa zaka 2-3 (pakufunikira).
Tikukulangizani kuti muwerenge momwe mungapititsire bwino zomera za mkati.
Muyenera kusuntha duwa ku mphika watsopano molingana ndi ndondomeko iyi:
- Sankhani mphika wazitali kapena waukulu (malinga ndi momwe mukukonzera kuchepetsa kukula kwa mtengo kapena kulola kuti zifike pamtunda wake).
- Onjezerani pang'ono pang'ono ndi dothi lotayirira ndi acidity ya 5.0-6.0 pH (mungagwiritse ntchito osakaniza 1 gawo la sod, magawo awiri a tsamba la nthaka ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga). Onetsetsani madzi abwino pansi pa mphika.
- Chotsani chomera mosamala popanda kusokoneza coma ya padziko lapansi.
- Patsani rhizome mu chidebe chatsopano.
- Onjezerani chisakanizo chatsopano cha nthaka kumbali iliyonse, pang'ono pang'anani pansi.
Kuswana
Ubongo umaphatikizidwa ndi njira ya vegetative, chifukwa sungathe kupanga zokolola zapamwamba. Olima munda amachita maluwa kufalitsa ndi cuttings ndi basal mphukira.
Cuttings
Njira yabwino kwambiri yofalitsira brainy ndiyo kudula. Pakuti rooting, abwino ochepa-wobiriwira cuttings (osati kwenikweni zofewa, koma osati kwathunthu woodyetsera). Amayenera kudulidwa ndi "chidendene" (chidutswa cha makungwa) ndi 2-3 internodes. Mphukira yamatsenga iyenera kubzalidwa mumphika ndi nthaka yonyowa.
Kuti mukhale ndi rooting yabwino, ndibwino kuti muphimbe chidebe cha mmera ndi thumba loyera kapena mtsuko wa galasi. Dziko lapansi liyenera kukhazikika nthawi zonse.
Ndikofunikira! Mbalame ya Brainya inakhazikika ndi zovuta. Choncho, ndi njira yoberekera, padera mankhwala opanga mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti mizu ikule, monga Kornevin, Zircon, Kornerost, Etamon, amafunika.
Wovuta mphukira
Kuswana kwa brainya kwachitika mu March. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukumba mmera, kenako ndi mpeni kuti mugawanitse kwambiri chitsamba chokhala ndi mbali ziwiri. Mmodzi wa delenka ayenera kukhala ndi mizu yakupsa, yomwe ingathandize kuti izi zikuyambe kukula. Pa chitsamba chilichonse ayenera kusiya masamba osachepera awiri.
Delenki ayenera kubzalidwa nthawi yomweyo pansi, monga kuyanika ndi koopsa kwa mizu. Ngati mukufuna kutumiza zokololazo kumalo ena, zikulumikizeni mwamphamvu ndi filimu pamodzi ndi dothi la dothi lonyowa.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Matenda osiyanasiyana ndi bowa nthawi zambiri sizimamuvutitsa Brainya. Kugwa kwa Leaf, kumbali za masamba owuma, ndi mabala a bulauni pa mbale Onetsani kusagwirizana ndi malamulo okhutira. Kubwezeretsedwa kwa njira yoyenera ya dothi loyendetsa, kudyetsa ndi kutentha kwa mpweya kumathandiza kuti chomeracho chibwererenso masamba abwino.
Pa chifukwa chomwecho, ndiko kuti, pamene kuphwanya malamulo a chisamaliro, duwa limakhala loopsya kuwukira nsomba, akangaude kapena thrips. Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, m'pofunika kuti tiwone Brainya ndi kukonzekera kwapadera (tizilombo monga "Aktara" ndi "Actellic"). Kupopera mbewu kumachitika kamodzi. Komabe, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kungayesedwe mpaka kuthetsa nthendayi.
Ndikofunikira! Musanayambe kugula brainya, komanso masiku angapo pambuyo pake, fufuzani masamba ake kuti tizilombo towononga.
Choncho, Brainia moyenera amayenera kusamala chifukwa cha mitundu yachilendo ya masamba ndi kudzichepetsa mu chisamaliro. Maluwa okongola komanso oyambirirawo amakongoletsa chilichonse, komanso kukongola kwa korona wake amatha kulimbana ndi chomera chilichonse chokongoletsera.
