Begonias amapezeka mumadera a flowerbeds m'misewu ndi pakati, pa dacha ziwembu. Pali mitundu yambiri ya hybrid ya begonias yomwe imakula mu miphika, yogwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza malo. Pali mitundu yomwe imafalikira chaka chonse, palinso mitundu ya pachaka.
Begonias ndi zokongola kwambiri za dacha. Maluwa okongola akuphuka mpaka zomera zina zimangoyamba kudzuka. M'nkhaniyi mudzapeza zonse zomwe mukusowa zokhudza kusamalidwa, kubereka ndi kuchiza maluwa okongola awa.
Kodi ndingabzala pamsewu?
Mumsewu kutchire kunabala tuberous (chaka chimodzi) begonia. Amapezeka kuchokera ku tubers ndi mbewu. Rhizomes amabzalidwa m'mabedi a chilimwe. Kumapeto kwa m'dzinja kuikidwa m'mabotolo ndikukhala m'nyumba. Begonia imakula miphika pofuna kukonza mabwalo, maluwa (mukhoza kuphunzira momwe mungamere, madzi ndi kusamalira begonia kuti iwononge kwambiri, mungapeze apa). Nyengo ikafika poipa, amalowa m'nyumba. Zatsimikiziridwa motsimikizirika: ndi bwino kusankha mitundu ya begonia imasinthidwa ndi nyengo yathu.
- Zomwe zimayambira kubzala begonias mu mphika. Nchifukwa chiyani ndikofunikira kusankha ufulu woyenera?
- Kodi malamulo a kusamalira duwa mumphika, kodi begonia ikufunikira chiyani?
- Kodi mungasamalire bwanji begonia kunyumba kwanu mutagula?
Mitundu
Chifukwa cha kusankha, ma hybrids ambiri adapezeka. Mitundu itatu ya begonias imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo:
- Tuber.
- Ampere.
- Kuyambira-kufalikira.
Tuberous begonias amasiyana mochedwa maluwa - kuyambira pachiyambi cha July mpaka kumapeto kwa November. Dicate maluwa. Kutalika kwa zomera ndi 30 cm.
- Minofu ya tuber.
- Diameter ya maluwa imachokera ku masentimita 6 mpaka 21.
- Tsinde losatha.
- Terry, timadzi timene timene timapanga timene timakhala ngati mabala, anemones, camellias, maluwa.
Tuberous begonias ali wofiira, wofiira, wofiira, wofiira, wachikasu.
Amper cultivars amakula pazitsulo kapena pamapope. Mphukira zam'mimba za begonia zimakhala ndi masentimita 80 m'litali.
Mbalame yotchedwa begonia imakhala ndi mitundu yambirimbiri. Zizindikiro:
- Kutalika kwazomera pafupi 15-20 masentimita.
- Masamba ndi ochepa, ovunda ndi ofewa. Kujambula - kuchokera kubiriwira kuti ukhale wobiriwira.
- Chikhalidwe chosadzichepetsa.
Begonias ya mitundu yopanda mitundu imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo. Mtundu umakhala wosiyanasiyana - kuchokera ku zoyera kupita ku zofiira, zofiirira. Pali mitundu itatu ya munda begonias:
- Mitundu yaitali (Volumiya, Baby Wing, Lotto);
- sredneroslye (Bada Bing, Ambassador);
- pansi (Ray of light, Queen, Cocktail).
Zithunzi za maluwa
Monga maluwa amawonekera begonias m'munda, amatha kuwona mu chithunzichi.
Kudyetsa kunja
Kubzala maluwa m'munda ndi kusamalira iwo kuthengo kumafuna kudziwa zomwe ziyenera kuchitika pa chomera. Street begonia imakonda malo othunzi. Ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo yofunda, begonia imabzala yotseguka pansi (kawirikawiri kumapeto kwa May, kumayambiriro kwa June). M'nthaka m'dzikoli mumagula mbewu zomwe zidagulidwa kapena zochokera kumbewu.
Kuti ayambe kukondwera ndi kukongola kwawo, muyenera kutsatira malamulo angapo:
- Konzani dothi lotayirira ndi ofooka asidi.
- Kuti achite zambiri wothirira kuthirira. Koma n'zosatheka kubwezeretsanso nthaka, mwinamwake mizu idzavunda.
- Mu kugwa, kuchepetsa kuthirira.
- Musanabzala begonias kukumba mabowo, mtunda wake umadalira kukula kwa mmera. Chiwembu cha mitundu yochepa: 9-13 × 15 masentimita, okwera 35 × 45 masentimita.
- Pansi pa kuthawa kuikidwa m'manda.
- Mutabzala, phulusa limatsanulira pa nthaka pamwamba kapena humus.
- Kuti mbande zizulidwe osati zowonongeka, zimatetezedwa nthawi yoyamba usiku.
Chenjerani! Kukula ndi kusamalira begerous begonia kumakhala ndi zovuta. M'nyengo yozizira, zomera zimafuna kusamalira mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Momwe mungapulumutsire begonias m'nyengo yozizira kunyumba, werengani apa.
Kusamalira chikhalidwe chakunja m'munda
Begonias, yolimidwa m'munda, amafunika kusamala. Zofunikira:
- Kuthirira
- Feteleza.
- Kutsegula nthaka.
- Kulimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo.
- Kupalira
- Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira.
Mbewu za tsiku ndi tsiku zimathirira madzi otentha pansi pazu (m'mawa kapena madzulo). Mu nyengo youma, sungani nthawi zambiri. Musalole nthaka kuti iume. Pambuyo kuthirira, nthaka yosanjikizidwa imasulidwa kuti pasakhale madzi.
Begonia mu nthawi ya kukula ndi maluwa amafunika kuyamwa kwa zakudya. M'chaka timapanga feteleza mchere wambiri. M'tsogolo, zomera "zimadyetsedwa" masiku khumi ndi awiri (12-15) ndi chisakanizo chokhala ndi zochitika (nthawi zonse ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous). Kugulitsa pali feteleza wapadera kwa begonias. Momwe mungasamalire ndi momwe mungadyetse begonia, phunzirani muzinthu zathu, ndipo apa tinakambirana za malamulo a feteleza.
Kuswana
Anafesa zomera pogawira tuber, vegetatively ndi mbewu. Mbewu imafalitsa mitundu yonse yamaluwa ndi zokongoletsa. Kuti bwino kuswana amvere zinthu zingapo:
- Kutentha kwa mpweya
- Kutentha kwa chipinda (pafupifupi 20 madigiri).
- Kuwala bwino.
- Kutenga mpweya wabwino.
Nthaŵi yoyenera yofesa ndi pamene tsiku likuwonjezeka komanso ntchito za dzuwa zimawonjezeka (kumapeto kwa February).
- Pokula mukusowa sitima ya mbande, nthaka yomwe ili ndi peat, madzi.
- Mbewu imafalikira mofanana pa nthaka yonyowa. Powder pamwamba sikofunika.
- Phimbani ndi filimu ya pulasitiki kapena galasi.
- Mbande nthawi zonse wothira utsi.
- Pang'onopang'ono chotsani filimuyo kumera kuti izolowere dzuwa. Choyamba pitani kwa mphindi 15-20. Nthawi ikukula pang'onopang'ono. Patapita milungu iwiri, chophimbacho chichotsedwa.
- Tsamba lachitatu lachiwonekere likuwoneka, mbande imatuluka pansi - kuikamo imodzi m'makapu ang'onoang'ono.
Chenjerani! Pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri, mbande imathamanganso ndikuikamo miphika.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Zomera zimatha kuwononga tizilombo kapena matenda chifukwa cha chisamaliro chosayenera. Ndikofunika kufufuza maluwa nthawi zonse kuti pasakhale matenda kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Matendawa amachititsa kuthirira kwambiri, osati malo abwino, malo osauka omwe angabzalidwe.
Begonias mabwinja:
- Mame a Mealy. Zomera zimaphimbidwa ndi maluwa oyera. Chotsani matendawa chidzakuthandizani mankhwala: Morestan, Rovral, Fundazol.
- Grey kuvunda. Madzi amadzi amaoneka, akusandulika mabala ovunda. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza fungicides kapena oimira: Scor, Previkur, Ordan.
- Aphid Tizilombo timene timatha kuwononga nthaka ya begonia. Kulimbana ndi tizilombo timagwiritsa ntchito tizirombo: Phyto-famu, Decis, Actellik.
Kuchuluka kwa madzi m'nthaka kumayambitsa mizu kuvunda. Matendawa amafalikira ku masamba - amawombera ndipo zimayambira kuyamba kuvunda. Yankho la vutoli: kuchotsedwa kwa malo owonongeka ndi mankhwala ndi fungicide. Kudyetsa bwino mmunda ndi kumusamalira bwino pamunda kumachepetsetsa kuthekera kokhala ndi matenda osasangalatsa.
Kusakaniza ndi zomera zina
Kuyambira pamene begonia imakhala yolekerera mthunzi, imayikidwa pamsewu pafupi ndi mitengo yomwe ili ndi korona waukulu ndi zitsamba zazikulu. Garden begonia ndi yabwino kulenga maluwa. Kumunda, zikuwoneka bwino ndi zomera zouma udzu, mbewu zokongoletsera ndi zochepetsera zochepa:
- Lobularia.
- Iberis.
- Lobelia.
- Surfinia.
- Alissumum
- Ageratum.
Chomera chabwino kwambiri chimapezeka pophatikiza begonias ndi tsenirariyami, asters, maluwa. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa begonias kumalo okongola. Okonza ntchito amagwiritsa ntchito munda wa begonia pamene akukongoletsera minda yamaluwa, malo okongoletsera kumidzi. Zomera zimabzalidwa pa rabatkah.
Ndikofunikira! Potted begonias amapereka mtundu kwa udzu wobiriwira.
Ampelnye grades ndi oyenera kukongoletsa ku altanok ndi arbors. Anthu okongoletsa malo okongoletsa malo amakongoletsa mabedi osungiramo mapiri komanso mapiri a miyala ndi begonias. Zomera m'miphika ya maluwa zimakongoletsera magulu olowera.
Begonias pamsewu akhoza kukula, kuonetsetsa kuti akusamalira ndi kutetezedwa bwino kwa tizirombo. Mitengo yosathayi imakhala ndi magulu ambiri - mitundu pafupifupi 16. Begonias amapanga mawonekedwe a mipesa, zitsamba ndi zitsamba zakuda.
