Maluwa okongolawa akhoza kukhala zokongoletsa kumunda wamunda uliwonse.
Koma kuti maluwa akonde aziwoneka bwino ndipo apereke maluwa ambiri, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena kuti muwasamalire.
Zinsinsi zimakwera molondola
Kubzala maluwa pamalo omasuka kumafuna kutsata malamulo ofunikira omwe ali pawebusaiti ndikutsata zatsopano zamakono.
Kumene angabzala
Choyamba, muyenera kusankha malo abwino odzala maluwa.
Musati mubzale duwa ili m'malo obisika.
Mthunzi wonyezimira umalekerera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa, koma kuwabzala pafupi ndi mitengo sikofunika.
Pakuti maluwa yoyenera lotseguka dzuwa madera, makamaka kutetezedwa ku mphepo ndi drafts.
Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji nthaka?
Dothi la maluwa awa limasowa kuwala, kupuma. Lily ndi wovuta kwambiri ku waterlogging.
Powonjezera chinyezi, mababuwo adzavunda, choncho malo okhala ndi madzi omwe sakhala nawo nthawi zambiri sangagwire ntchito kwa iwo.
Ngati pa nthaka yanu muli nthaka yolemetsa yokhala ndi misala yambiri, muyenera kuigwiritsa ntchito musanadzale peat kapena mchenga. Kuti muwonjezere zakudya zamtengo wapatali, onjezerani humus (10 kg / m). Musanayambe kukumba ndifunikanso kupanga feteleza zovuta (100g / m).
Nthawi yobwera
Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yobzala ndi yophukira. Zomera pa nthawi yabwinoyi kubzala nthawi - kugwa kwa October.
Komabe, kubzala kasupe ndi kotheka, ndipo mitundu ina ndi yodalirika. Ikuchitika pambuyo pa kuyambira kwa kutentha kozizira, pamene mantha a chisanu adutsa.
Yesetsani kugwira nthawi yomwe masiku owuma asanakhalepo, ndipo pali chinyezi chokwanira m'nthaka.
Nthawi yeniyeni yabwino yobwera ndivuta kuitcha, chifukwa zimadalira dera komanso nyengo.
Kukonzekera kwa babu ndi teknoloji
Dothi liyenera kukumba ndikuchotsako zitsamba zonse. Acidity ya nthaka imayendetsedwa ndi phulusa kapena laimu (300 g / m). Poika mababuwo, pangani mabowo 40 masentimita, mupange mchenga kapena miyala yaying'ono pansi, ndikuwaza ndi nthaka.
Pitani kupyola mababu, mutaya zitsanzo zovunda ndi matenda. Mababu amayeretsa maluwa, amachititsa kuthetsa potassium permanganate.
Kuyala kuya kumasankhidwa malinga ndi kukula kwa mababu. Mitengo yaing'ono imabzalidwa ku kuya kwa 6-7 masentimita. Zambiri - mpaka masentimita 15. Pangani chidutswa chaching'ono chozungulira kuzungulira babu. Dulani pamwamba ndi peat, utuchi kapena zingano zing'onozing'ono.
Kulima ndi kusamalira kunja
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji maluwa m'munda? Kukula maluwa kumunda sikovuta, koma chisamaliro chimadalira nthawi yomwe ikuchitika.
Kusamalira pa nyengo yokula
Pa kukula ndi maluwa maluwa amafuna nthawi yake feteleza ndi yoyenera madzi okwanira.
Kusamba malamulo
Lily ali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'nthaka, choncho ayenera kuthirira moyenera.
Pa nthawi yomweyi, ngati nyengo yowuma ndi yotentha, ndiye kuti muyenera kuthira malo ambiri ndi kumera nthawi zingapo panthawiyi.
Ngati simukutero. Mababuwo samadziunjikira mokwanira chinyezi m'matumba, ndipo kenako amauma panthawi yosungirako.
Kuthirira maluwa mwamphamvu pansi pazu, pang'ono kuchoka pa tsinde. Mthunzi pamasamba ungawachititse iwo kuvunda. Zokongola kwa maluwa amenewa zikhoza kuthirira kuthirira, chifukwa zimakulolani kusintha kuchuluka kwa chinyezi.
Kusamala pa maluwa
Pakati pa maluwa akusamalira maluwa amakhala ndi kuthirira pamodzi ndi kuvala. Madzi akamwa madzi sayenera kugwa pa maluwa, amatha kuvunda. Ngati nyengo yowuma ndi yotentha, kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumawonjezeka. Kumapeto kwa maluwa kusiya kuthirira.
Ndikofunika kutsatira malamulo a kudula maluwa maluwa.
MFUNDO: Gawo la phesi liyenera kusiya kuti babu ikhale ikupitirizabe. Dulani tsinde pa ngodya kuti chinyezi chisakanike padulidwe.
Kumapeto kwa maluwa, mapesi onse a maluwa amadulidwa, kuchoka pamtunda wa masentimita 20. Ngakhale kuti mapesi a maluwa akutuluka kuchokera pansi sakuwoneka osakondweretsa, sayenera kuchotsedweratu mpaka atatha, chifukwa izi zimasokoneza kudyetsa mababu ndipo sangathe kuzizira bwino.
Kudyetsa nthawi ndi nthawi
Lily amafunikanso kudya, choncho feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse.
Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, m'pofunika kuti muyang'ane mosamala mlingo wa mchere, popeza kuti zochulukirapozo zidzakhala ndi zotsatira zosiyana ndizo zimapangitsa kuchepetsa chitukukocho.
Chiwerengero cha mavalidwe pa nyengo yonse yokula ndi zitatu kapena zinayi. Yoyamba ikuchitika kumayambiriro kwa masika, asanayambe mphukira. Pachifukwa ichi, feteleza ya feteleza imagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, ammonium nitrate (1 tbsp pa mita imodzi). Kakombo amakhudzidwa bwino ndi yankho la mullein.
M'chilimwe, maluwa amamera ndi njira yothetsera phulusa, yomwe imalimbikitsa kupanga maluwa akuluakulu. Pa mapangidwe masamba ayenera kuthira maluwa ndi yankho la ammonium nitrate.
Mu July, superphosphate ikuwonjezeredwa ku nthaka kuti imalimbitse zimayambira. Kuvala izi kumathandiza kusunga kuwala kwa maluwa.
Kuteteza tizilombo ndi matenda
Matenda ambiri a lily ndi bakiteriya zowola.
Zimayambitsa kukula kwa bowa ndi kuzizira. Pa masamba, mawanga amawoneka, ofanana ndi mabala a chikasu, ndipo pang'onopang'ono zimakhudzidwa. Kuteteza chomera ku matendawa kumathandiza lamulo la ulimi wothirira, kuthetsa nayitrogeni ku feteleza.
Ngati mabala a lalanje amaoneka bwino pamaluwa, amatanthauza kuti matenda ena adapezeka - dzimbiri.
Chifuwa chimakhalabe pa mababu, choncho amafunika kufufuza mosamala asanadzalemo ndikuchiritsidwa ndi fungicides. Pamene matenda akuwonekera pa masamba, amachizidwa ndi Bordeaux osakaniza.
Botrytis (kapena nkhungu imvi) - Uyu ndi wowononga maluwa.
Ndi kutentha kwakukulu ndi kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha, kumawonekera ngati mdima wakuda.
Tetezani mankhwala othandizira kakombo ndi mankhwala amkuwa.
Kuphulika kwa nsonga za ziphuphu kumayankhula za kuwonongeka kwa mizu.
Matendawa amafunika miyeso yambiri - chomera chiyenera kukumba, chifukwa chovunda chimapangidwa pa mizu ya mababu, ndipo kufika kwa icho popanda icho sichingapambane.
Bulb yakumbayo imachotsedwa ndi zilonda, zodwala ndi fungicide. Ngati mizu yakhudzidwa kwambiri, sikungathe kupulumutsa babu.
Sikuti matenda okha angayambitse chitukuko chosauka. Maluwa amenewa amathandizidwanso ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana: tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, khrushchev.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tidzatha kuthana ndi ambiri mwa iwo, mwachitsanzo "Mphuno". Mbalame, Pochin, Medvetok, Grizzly imathandizanso kuwononga tizilombo.
ZOCHITA: Simungathe kuwononga chiwopsezo cha kachilomboka kameneka ndi kakombo kakang'ono, chifukwa chakuti poizoni sangathe kulowa mkati mwa chipolopolo chawo choteteza. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa tiyenera kuchotsedwa.
Kusamba ndi kubereka
Nthaŵi yabwino yomwe maluwa amakula pamalo amodzi ndi zaka 4-5.
Pambuyo pake, amafunika kukumba ndi kugawa chisa.
Ngati tinyalanyaza ndondomekoyi, zisa zimakula mochulukirapo ndipo kakombo amasiya kufalikira.
Pamene kuika mababuwo kukumba pansi, gawani chisa mu mababu.
Izi ziyenera kuchitika mutatha maluwa ndikufa mbali yonse ya maluwa. Anyezi mosamala mosamala, kudula otsala tsinde, kudulidwa mizu.
Pambuyo pogawaniza chisa m'magawo osiyana, amauma pamalo ozizira, ozizira.
Maluŵa amabzalidwa pamalo atsopano kumapeto kwa September - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa October. Ngati mukufuna kuwabzala pamalo omwe adakulirapo, muyenera kuwonjezera peat, humus ndi nitrophoska kunthaka.
Kuwombera kakombo kuphatikizapo njira yoberekera. Izi zikhoza kuchitika m'njira zitatu:
- Anyezi-ana.
- Mamba.
- Mafupa.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku maluwa onse. Oyenerera kudzipatula kwa ana a mababu omwe ali ndi zaka 3-4.
Amatsuka mosamala kuchoka ku babu wamkulu ndikubzalidwa ndi distillation m'nthaka.
Njira imeneyi ndi yopindulitsa kwambiri, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa mafolose omwe amatha kulekanitsa mawonekedwe a bulkes pa bulbu iliyonse ndi zowonjezera zambiri zingapezeke mwakamodzi.
Atathyola ziphuphuzo, amatsukidwa pothetsa potassium permanganate ndi kuika mu thumba la pepala, atagwidwa ndi peat. Mudziko lino, mamba imasungidwa m'chipinda chofunda, ndipo pambuyo pa masabata 3-4 iwo amakula anyezi.
Mu nthaka anapanga anyezi anabzala m'chaka, chifukwa m'nyengo yozizira sangathe kukhala ndi moyo.
Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ku maluwa a ku Asia. Nkhumba zomwe zimapangidwa pa tsinde zimagawanika ndipo zimabzalidwa kumayambiriro kwa autumn mpaka kuya 2-3 masentimita. Asanayambe mphukira, ayenera kuthiriridwa mochuluka.
Maluwa a maluwa kuchokera ku bulbochobes amayamba m'chaka chachitatu..
Malangizo okhudzana ndi uphungu wa aluso odziwa bwino njira zonse zoberekera maluwa angapezeke pa webusaiti yathu: Kubwereranso kwa maluwa.
Zima zamasamba
M'nyengo yozizira, mababu amatha kuvutika ndi chisanu, makamaka m'nyengo yopanda chipale chofewa.
Kuti asamafewe, dera lomwe lili ndi maluwa limadzaza ndi utuchi, kuphimba nsalu zopanda nsalu kapena nsalu.
Mkhalidwe waukulu ndikuti nthaka yotsekedwa ndi yowuma.
M'chaka, malo obisalawa amachotsedwa patatha chisanu chonse. Musachedwe ndi izi, monga pansi pa maluwa a maluwa amayamba kumera ndipo mphukira ndizopunduka.
Tsatirani malamulo onse osamalira maluwa, ndipo adzakulipirani maluwa okongola, omwe adzawoneke bwino mumaluwa ndi maluwa ena onse a tchuthi.
Lily mu chithunzi cha m'munda:
