Begonias mu zosiyanasiyana zawo - chokongoletsera chazenera padziko lonse lapansi. Anthu okonda zomera zapakhomo akhala akuyamikira kwambiri maluŵa achilendo ameneŵa kuyambira kumadera otentha.
Mmodzi mwa otchuka kwambiri komanso wodziwika kwa mtundu uliwonse wa begonia ndi begonia hornberry. Chomera chamkatichi chimakula ndi ambiri, koma zowoneka bwino, mwinamwake, kwa aliyense. Ndizo zonsezi - sizikuvutitsa ndikupitiriza kukondedwa ndi anthu.
Dzina la botanical "borshevikolistnaya" likugogomezera mbali yaikulu ya mawonekedwe ake - mawonekedwe a masamba akuluakulu ofanana ndi masamba a gogwe - chimanga chofala komanso chokhazikika cha Eurasia.
Malongosoledwe a zomera
Begonia heracleifolia - hornberry-begonia koloni - chomera cha banja la Begonia. Poyamba kuchokera kumadera otentha ku South America. Ndi chomera cha mchenga wokhala ndi tsinde lakuda pansi. Masamba ali pa petioles yaitali, mawonekedwe, monga dzina limatanthauza, amafanana ndi masamba a Sorsovskian hogweed kapena kanjedza ndi zala zofalikira. Masamba a masamba obiriwira pa iwo ndi ofiira a cuttings ndi omwe amapindula kwambiri ndi begonia, ndi omwe amapereka zokongoletsera zake. Mphepete mwa masambawo amawamasula, amawoneka ofiira kapena ofiira. Mudzaphunzira za mitundu yonse yokongoletsera masamba a begonias m'nkhani yapadera.
Begonia borschavikolistnaya imamasula maluwa obiriwira, amasonkhanitsa mu burashi pamtunda waukulu. Maluwa - kuyambira February mpaka April. Maluwa ndi maonekedwe okongola, koma akatswiri ena amalimbikitsa kuchotsa mapesi a maluwa - kuti asachotse masamba kuchokera ku masamba akuluakulu. Kutalika kwa zomera kumadutsa masentimita 40, ndipo pamtundu wa chitsamba - mpaka 60-70 cm.
Palinso kusiyana kwa begonia - borschikolistnaya wakuda (Begonia heracleifolia var, nigricans). Ali ndi masamba akuluakulu omwe ali ndi mitsempha yobiriwira. Komanso kusinthasintha kokongola kwambiri.
Chithunzi
Onani momwe zikuwonekera pa chithunzi chomera chokongola ichi ndi masamba akulu.
Kodi kuli bwino kulima nyumba?
Begonias ndizowona kuwala. Koma - ndi kubwereza: kutsogolo kwa dzuwa kumawononga ndi kuwotcha masamba awo. Tsegulani mthunzi, kutayika bwino - izi ndizo zabwino zomwe angasankhe. Windo lakummawa kapena kumadzulo ndi malo abwino oti aike chomera.
Nthaka yoyenera
Kukhazikitsa nthaka, mukhoza kupita njira ziwiri. Yoyamba ndi kugula choyimira chapadera cha begonias mu shopu la maluwa. Chachiwiri ndikuti mutenge kusakaniza nthaka. Mwachitsanzo, molingana ndi njira iyi: gawo la nthaka ya sod, gawo la pepala ndi gawo la mchenga wa mtsinje, kuphatikizapo vermiculite ndi perlite.
Kusamalira kwanu
Yesani kuteteza begonia wanu ku madontho otentha otentha. Chomerachi chimachokera kummwera chakumwera, choncho njira yabwino ndikutentha, koma osati kutentha. M'chaka ndi chilimwe - kuchokera madigiri 17 mpaka 22, m'nyengo yozizira - 15-17 kutentha, koma osati otsika.
Hogweed begonia ndi chomera chomwe chimakonda chinyontho. Koma izi zimafunikiranso kuchepa. Dothi louma ndi loipa, ndipo chomera "chosungunuka" sichili chabwino. Mizu ikhoza kuvunda, ndipo chomera chidzatha. Choncho, samalani kuti mukhale ndi chinyezi chamtundu wabwino, musanayambe kuthirira madzi pamwamba pake. Dothi liyenera kukhala lotayirira, ndi madzi abwino. M'nyengo yozizira, madzi okwanira ayenera kuchepetsedwa.
Chinthu chinanso chopangira chonyowa microclimate kwa begonias. Mukhoza kuyika miyala yaing'ono kapena kudula dothi mu poto pansi pa chombo cha begonia ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi mumatsuka bwino. Pamene chomera chimamasula, ndi bwino kudyetsa ndi mchere wapadera wa feteleza. Pangani chakudya chomwe mukusowa katatu kapena kanayi pa maluwa a begonias.
Kuwaza
Ndikofunika kulingalira miyezo yambiri.
Choyamba, mukufunikira mphika woyenera: osati mozama kwambiri. Ndipotu, mizu ya begonias imakhala yozama, koma imayamba pamwamba. Kuwonjezera apo amafunika malo omasuka a phesi yobzala. Choncho, muyenera kusankha mphamvu yoyenera.
Mukamakolola muzimvetsera: kukula kwa begonia pa tsinde kuyenera kukhala pamwamba. Kuti ndikasende begonias borschavikolistnye wokwanira kumapeto kwa dzinja - oyambirira kasupe.
Zitsanzo zazing'ono zimaikidwa mu kaphika wamkulu chaka chilichonse, akuluakulu - pafupifupi kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
- Mame a Mealy. Matenda a fungal. White scurf ikuwonekera pa masamba ndi mbali zina za chomera - ndi mycelium wa bowa. Njira zolimbanirana - kuchotseratu zigawo zovuta za begonia ndi mankhwala ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo (fungicides).
- Grey kuvunda. Komanso matenda a fungal, mawanga owuma ofiira amawoneka pa zomera. Kukonzekera kwa antifungal kudzathandizanso pano.
- Muzu ndi tsamba zowola. Mukhozanso kutuluka ku "Gulf" ya chomera ndi kutentha kwambiri, kosayenera kwa begonias. Ndikofunika kuti zikhale bwino. Ngati chomeracho sichinawonongeke - ndi bwino kumuchotsa, asanatengere mitengo yambiri kapena masamba. Onetsetsani kuti akudulidwa ku mphukira zomwe sizikukhudzidwa ndi mavuto.
- Mavitamini ambiri a begonia ndi mealybug ndi whitefly. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito tizirombo kuchokera ku sitolo, ndipo mungayesere kuthana ndi mankhwala. Kutanthauza kuti, kuchiza chomera ndi njira yothetsera sopo. Chida ichi chingagwiritsidwe ntchito polimbana ndi powdery mildew.
Kuswana
Kubereka kwa begonia borschivikolistnoy - kosavuta. Masamba (ndipo ngakhale mbali zake), cuttings, mbewu, ndi kusiyana kwa chitsamba zingagwiritsidwe ntchito komanso.
Kugawanika kwa chitsamba kungapangidwe potsata. Sungani bwinobwino chitsamba chachikulu ndi mpeni mmagawo osiyanasiyana ndi mizu ndi chomera muzitsulo zosiyanasiyana.
Leaf cuttings ndi njira yotchuka komanso yosavuta. Tsamba lodulidwa ndi chogwirira likuyikidwa mu kapu yamadzi. Pambuyo poonekera mizu - yobzalidwa pansi (muyenera kuwonjezera mchenga) ndikuphimba ndi zojambulazo. Zimapanga mtundu wa wowonjezera kutentha, umene umatsegulidwa nthawi zonse kuti umwe madzi ndi mpweya wabwino. Tsamba likayamba kuphuka ndipo mphukira zatsopano zatuluka, begonia imaikidwa mu chidebe ndi nthaka.
Sikuti aliyense amadziwa za kubereka ndi mbali za masamba, koma iyi ndi njira yosangalatsa kwambiri. Tsamba lodulidwa ndi tsamba kuyambira pakati lidulidwa m'magawo atatu amtundu umodzi, ndipo lirilonse liyenera kukhala ndi mitsempha imodzi kapena ziwiri. Magawowa amaikidwa pa nthaka yonyowa (gawo lochepa likhoza kukhala losavuta ndi dothi), ndipo wowonjezera kutentha amapangidwa kuchokera pamwamba. Nthaŵi zambiri timakhala ndi mpweya wambiri. Patatha mwezi kapena kuposerapo, tsamba limapereka masamba, ndipo mbewu yatsopano idzabadwira musanayambe kuona.
Anganene zimenezo Borschavikolistnaya ndi imodzi mwazovuta kwambiri kusamalira banja lalikulu la begoni. Ngati mukufuna begonias ndipo mukuganiza zokonza zokolola zochuluka, ndiye bwino kuyamba ndi begonia ya honeyspheric. Kuchita "pang'ono" pa begonia uyu, mudzapeza zofunikira pakukonzekera zomera zotere ndikutha kusunthira ku mitundu yosazindikira.
