Imperial (Smaragdovaya) begonia ndi zomera zosatha, zomwe zimachokera kuzitentha. Zimatuluka ndi zokongola maluwa ndi masamba okongola. Kukongola kwam'mlengalenga kumakhala kosangalatsa m'nyumba zomwe zili mkati komanso ndizokongoletsera mkati. M'chilimwe, chomeracho chingagwiritsidwe ntchito monga munda wamaluwa kapena veranda.
Ngakhale kuti mbewuyo ndi yosasamala, zina zimakhalapobe. Nkhaniyi ili ndi zokhudzana ndi chisamaliro choyenera ndi njira zoberekera za imperial begonia kunyumba.
Mafotokozedwe a botanical ndi mbiri ya kupezeka
Imperial begonia ndi mitundu yobiriwira yamaluwa. M'mapiri otentha a Asia, Africa ndi South America amakula mitundu yoposa 900. Kwa nthawi yoyamba mbewu yatsopanoyi inapezedwa paulendo wopita kumalo a chilumba cha Haiti ndi wansembe wa ku France S. Plushje. Polemekeza kazembe wa chilumba ichi, Michel Begon, ndipo adatchedwa maluwa. Imperial begonias amaoneka bwino.
Masamba ake a emerald, omwe maluwawo amatchedwanso emaragdum, amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi mtima. Kutalika kwake ndi 10-12 masentimita. Mbaliyi imadzaza ndi mavupa, kupatsa tsamba lachakulire ndi chifuwa chachikulu. Maluwa ali ndi thambo loyera ndipo amafika pamtunda wa masentimita 0,3-0.5. Pamwamba pake, amasonkhanitsidwa ndi masamba ndi mthunzi wokwana masentimita 18.
Maonekedwe
Chomera ichi ndi cha osatha herbaceous zokongoletsa leafy mitundu. Nthawi yamaluwa ndi January-April. Mbiri inayambira mitundu 2 ya imperial begonia. Mmodzi wa iwo, Iron Cross, ndi chomera cha 50-55 masentimita. Chimakhala ndi tsinde lowala, lomwe masamba obiriwira amakhalapo, omwe amatha kufika 15-18 masentimita. Pali magulu ambiri a mtundu wa bulauni pamphepete mwawo. Palinso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mafumu a emperoni amatchedwa Grus en Erfurt. Mtundu wa masamba ake ndi wosiyana - kuchokera ku emerald wobiriwira mpaka pamtunda. Pakati pa mitsempha yayikulu muli mitundu yambiri ya kirimu. Chilendo cha imperial begonia ndi chakuti maluwa ndi abambo amapezeka pamphuno. M'magulu aakazi, bokosi la mbewu lomwe liri ndi nkhope zitatu limapangidwa.
Kodi ndikuti ndingabzala bwanji?
Imperial (smaragdovuyu) begonia imakula makamaka ngati yopangira nyumba. Ngati nyengo ili yabwino, ikhoza kubzalidwa pamalo otseguka, koma pakadali pano maluwa ayenera kubzalidwa m'dothi lotayirira, ndi zakudya zambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kukulira imperial begonia muyenera kukonza kuyatsa bwino. Maluwa sadzataya kukongola kwake ngati atabzalidwa nthawi 1 m'zaka ziwiri.
Kuunikira ndi malo
Chomeracho chimakonda kuwala, koma n'kosatheka kuti icho chilowe dzuwa. Olima amalonda akulangizidwa kuyika mphika ndi maluwa pazenera sill, omwe mawindo awo amawonekera kummawa kapena kumadzulo.
Nyumba ya "Mkazi" ikukula imafuna kusagwirizana, choncho, nkofunikira kuti iye asankhe malo amodzi omwe angayime nthawi zonse. Begonias amafunika malo, kotero izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa posankha malo.
Kuti muwonjezere chinyezi cha mlengalenga, nkofunika kutembenuza poto ndikuiika mu thire yaikulu, ndikuyika mphika pamwamba. Dothi lowonjezera limatsanulira pafupi, lomwe liyenera kuthiridwa. Amafunika kuti ikhale yosungunuka. Ndiponso, kuti apange chinyezi chabwino kwambiri, mphika wa maluwa ukhoza kuikidwa mu peat yonyowa.
Chomeracho chiyenera kukhala mpweya wabwino nthawi zonse, koma chimakhala chowopsa kwambiri. Ngati simukutsatira zofunikira zonse begonia udzafota, taya masamba ndi maluwa.
Zosowa za nthaka
Pambuyo podzatenga mphika wobzala, m'pofunika kutenga kakang'ono ka ceramic, iwo akutsanulira dziko lapansi. Mungathe kugula zosakaniza zokonzeka m'masitolo apadera kapena kuphika nokha. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kusakaniza magawo awiri a nthaka yofiira ndi gawo limodzi ndi limodzi:
- mchenga;
- dziko la sod kapena humus;
- peat moss.
Mukhoza kuwonjezera nthaka ya coniferous ndi mchenga wa mtsinje. Kutentha kwa dothi kuyenera kukhala 5.5-6.5 pH.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji?
Chomeracho chimakhala chabwino nthawi iliyonse pachaka pamlengalenga kutentha kwa madigiri 18, ngakhale m'chilimwe imalekerera kuwonjezeka pang'ono. Begonia amakonda mpweya wabwino.
Maluwawo amafunikira kuthirira moyenera moyenerera. Mizu yake imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi ndi kupitirira. Chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa pamene pamwamba pa nthaka zowuma. Kwa ulimi wothirira, madzi otentha amatha kutengedwa. Imperial begonia ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera, choncho imakhala ndi mpweya wabwino., omwe ayenera kukhala osachepera 60%. Komabe, kupalasa sikofunika, chifukwa mabala a bulauni akhoza kupanga pamapepala.
Chenjerani! M'nyengo yozizira, imperial begonia iyenera kusungidwa pazenera. Mphepo yotentha imakhudza maluwa mwachangu.
Imperial begonia imayankha bwino kuika kasupe. Mphika wa nthawi ino umakhala duwa laling'ono. Izi zimabweretsa mfundo yakuti imataya kukongola kwake, masamba amakhala osasangalatsa. Pambuyo pakugulitsa mbewu ayenera kudula. Zotsatira zake, zidzatuluka. Dulani mutuwo ukhoza kukhazikika.
Matenda wamba ndi tizirombo
Pali matenda omwe imperial begonia angayambitse. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi powdery mildew. Pachifukwa ichi, masambawa ali ndi mawanga ozungulira ndi maluwa oyera, pansi pake amawoneka bulauni. Pang'onopang'ono, zimakhala zazikulu ndipo zimachoka pamtunda. Zomwe zimachititsa kuti matendawa akhale otsika komanso kutentha.
Akavunduka, masamba a imperial begonia amakhala osasunthika, amapanga mawanga ndi misozi imvi. Pang'onopang'ono kuvunda tsinde ndi masamba. Grey kuvunda angabwere chifukwa cha:
kuthirira madzi;- kutentha kwa mpweya;
- mkulu chinyezi.
kuthirira madzi;Palinso nthenda yoteroyo monga bacteriosis yamtenda, yomwe imakhudza zombo za zomera, zomwe zimakhala zakuda. Koma masambawo, amayamba kufota m'mphepete mwake, kenako amatembenukira chikasu ndikusanduka bulauni.
Nthenda ina ndi tsamba nematode, yomwe zomera zimalowa m'nthaka. Pachifukwa ichi, m'mphepete mwa masamba amalephera kutsika. Kenako mawanga achikasu ndi abulauni amawonekera. Zikuchitika kuti begonias sakonda zikhalidwe zomangidwa, ndipo pamphepete mwa masamba ake adzauma, m'tsogolomu iwo adzauluka mozungulira ndipo thunthu lidzakhala lamaliseche.
Maluwawo angadwale ndi tizirombozomwe zikuphatikizapo:
- chowunikira;
- mphutsi zofewa;
- chowopsa cha thripsis;
- mealybug
- whitefly wowonjezera;
- ndulu nematode.
Zinthu zoberekera
Imperial begonia nthawi zambiri imafalitsidwa ndi kudula mwamphamvu. Komabe, izo zimawonjezeka mosavuta:
- kugawa tchire;
- zigawo za pepala;
- mbewu.
Chifukwa cha kubzala kwake ndi mphukira, phesi imatengedwa, yomwe imagawanika kukhala mamita 3 cm m'litali mwake, imaponyedwa pansi, yomwe imakhala yotentha kuchokera pansi. Izi zidzathandiza kuti njirayi ikhale mizu mofulumira.
Njira yobereka begonias ya mizu ya mfumu ndi kugawaniza bwino mizu mu zigawo zingapo, zomwe zimabzalidwa mu nthaka yokonzeka.
Pofuna kufalitsa mbewu mothandizidwa ndi tsamba ndikofunikira:
- Gawani mpeni mu triangles. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pamene kugawa mitsempha kumakhala pamwamba pa tsamba.
- Kenaka iwo amaikidwa pansi ndipo amatsindikizidwa mwamphamvu.
- Onetsetsani kuti mutseke filimuyi. Masamba amafunikira mpweya wabwino tsiku ndi tsiku.
- Kuphuka kwa mphukira kumadikirira pafupi mwezi.
- Pambuyo pa mphukira zamphamvu, amafunika kubzalidwa miphika yosiyana.
Imperial begonia ndi zomera zosadzichepetsa. Iye sakusowa chisamaliro chapadera. Lero pali mitundu yambiri ndi kukula kwa chomera chokongola ichi.
Timapereka kuwonera phunziro la vidiyo pa kuswana kwa begonias ndi tsamba:
