Masamba a masiku makumi asanu ndi awiri "Kupambana": kufotokoza zosiyanasiyana kwa okonda mbatata zoyambirira

Odziwitsa za mbatata zoyambirira zidzakhala ngati zipatso ndi zosavuta kusamalira mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Zimapindulitsa kwambiri, modzichepetsa, zowonongeka zitsamba zimapanga zazikulu, zosalala, zokongola za tubers ndi zosangalatsa zosakhwima.

Izi ndi zoyamba kucha ndi zokoma, zabwino kwa amateur wamaluwa. Ikhoza kukhala wamkulu m'madera osiyanasiyana, malamulo a chisamaliro ndi osavuta, ndipo zotsatira sizikhumudwitsa. Dzidziwitse ndi maonekedwe osiyanasiyana a mbatata, zithunzi ndi kufotokoza za kupambana.

Mbatata "Kupambana": kufotokoza zosiyanasiyana, zithunzi

Mwachidule, maonekedwe a mbatata "Kupambana" amawoneka motere:

Mitundu ya mbatata ya "Triumph":

Makhalidwe

"Kupambana" - kalasi yoyamba kucha. Zamasamba - kuyambira masiku 55 mpaka 60. Zokololazo ndi zabwino kwambiri, pa dothi lachonde limadutsa mazana 400 pa hekitala.

Mbatata yokololedwa yosungidwa bwino, popanda kutaya malonda. Kutha kuli kotheka. Mbatata ikhoza kuyamikiridwa ndi katundu wambiri kapena malonda.

Momwe mungasunge mbatata m'nyengo yozizira, mabokosi, mufiriji, komanso momwe mungasungire mizu ya peeled ndi zomwe mumakonda, werengani zipangizo zomwe zili pa tsamba.

Chitsambachi chimakhala chokwanira, ndipo chimapanga mobiriwira mobiriwira komanso osati kufalitsa nthambi. Masamba ndi obiriwira, ophweka, ndi mapiri pang'ono. The corolla ndi yaying'ono, woyera maluwa kugwa mofulumira, zipatso sangapangidwe.

Mizu yaying'ono, 20-25 tubers amapangidwa pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse. Makamaka opindulitsa baka kubweretsa 50 tubers. Mbatata ngakhale, zazikulu, zinthu zazing'ono kapena masamba osakaniza masamba. Mbewu sizimatha.

Chiwerengero cha tubers pa tchire mu mitundu ina yomwe mungathe kuiwona patebulo:

Sakani Kulimbana ndi matenda ambiri oopsa: Khansa ya mbatata, golidi yoyambira nematode, wamba wamba, mavairasi osiyanasiyana: verticillosis, Fusarium, Alternaria. Kusakaniza koyambirira kumateteza masamba ndi tubers kuchokera m'mavuto ochedwa.

Mbatata "Triumph" ndi yosiyana Kukoma kwakukulu: Olemera, osakhwima, osati madzi. Thupi lofewa silimdima pamene tikudula ndi kuphika.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi oyenera kuphika chips, zophika za ku France, kuvala msuzi, kuziyika kapena kukotcha. Mizu ya masamba imapanga chithunzithunzi chokoma cha mtundu wachikasu.

Chiyambi

Mbatata cultivar Triumph inalengedwa ndi obereketsa ku Russia ndipo yatsimikiziridwa pakuyesera pa mafakitale. Sungani bwino osati zolembedwa mu State Register ya Russian Federation, zogawa sizichitika.

Mayeserowa anapeza zimenezo zokolola zimawonjezeka pachonde chachonde dothi, mbatata imataya madontho ang'onoang'ono kutentha, kutentha, chilala.

Ndikoyenera kuti kulima mafakitale ndi minda. Ili ndi khalidwe labwino la mankhwala, loyenera kuti lithe kugulitsa kapena kugulitsa.

Kukhazikitsa ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zazikulu zomwe zimakhala zofunika posankha mitundu yolima. Mu tebulo ili m'munsiyi mukhoza kuona khalidwe la kusunga mitundu yosiyanasiyana:

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

Zinthu zazikuluzikuluzi ndizo:

• kukonda kwambiri makhalidwe a mizu;
• chiwerengero cha ntchito;
• zokolola zabwino;
• kudzichepetsa;
• kuthekera kwa nthawi yaitali yosungirako popanda kusowa kwa ogulitsa makhalidwe;
• Kukaniza matenda ndi tizirombo.

Pali zolakwika zosiyana siyana. Nkhani ingaganizidwe Kufuna chakudya cha nthaka ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi.

Zizindikiro za kukula

Agrotechnics sivuta kwenikweni. Musanadzalemo, m'pofunikira kukonza mbeu. Mitundu ina ya tubers imakhazikika ndipo imamera pa kutentha kwa madigiri 10-12.

Mphamvu yolimba imatuluka pafupifupi 2.5 masentimita yaitali - chizindikiro cha kukonzeka kwa mizu yobzala.

Monga mitundu ina yopambana, "Kupambana" Nthawi zambiri zimafalitsidwa ndi mbewu. Ndizosavuta kuzikula muzitsamba, kufesa mutangoyamba kutsogolo ndikukonzekera kukula kwa kukula.

Osasankha chofunika, mbande zikuluzikulu zimasunthira pansi. Mbewu kumera nthawi zambiri, koma zomera zomwe zakhazikitsidwa zimapereka zinthu zabwino zowonjezera.

Nthaka iyenera kukhala yowala, makamaka mchenga.. Anasunthira mosamala, amasankha zotsalira za zomera zomwe zingakhale malo obereketsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Kuti mukhale ndi chonde chochuluka, mungathe kupanga kale humus wothira peat ndi phulusa. Kuyamba kumayamba pamene nthaka ikufunda, kutentha kwapang'ono ndi madigiri 10.

Zomwe zimayendera ndizofunikira. Mtunda wa pakati pa tchire ndi 30 masentimita, kusiyana kwake kumakhala masentimita 60. Zosiyanasiyana zimagwirizana ndi chinyezi cha nthaka, chifukwa chokolola kwambiri zimalimbikitsa kukhazikitsa dongosolo la kuthirira madzi.

Ngati kuika kwake sikutheka, ndikofunikira kukonzekera mwachizolowezi kuthirira ndi kuthira nthaka yosachepera 50 cm. Zitsamba zimalekerera chilala, koma nthawi zonse kuchepa kwa chinyezi kumakhudza zokolola.

Zimangidwe zimayenera kuponyedwa ndi udzu kapena udzu, izi zimapangitsa kuti dothi likhale losungunuka komanso kukupulumutsani kuti musamasiye. Mbatata akusowa nthawi zambiri ndi mapangidwe a zitunda zapamwamba.

Ndibwino kuti tigwire zovala ziwiri: mizu ndi foliar. Njira yothetsera madzi a superphosphate, potaziyamu sulphate, komanso kuchepetsedwa kwa mullein kapena zitosi za mbalame. Maofesi a azitrogeni sangathe kuchitiridwa nkhanza, amachititsa kuti nitrate mu tubers. Nthawi komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito feteleza, komanso mmene mungachitire bwino mutabzala, werengani zowonjezera za malo athu.

M'chaka choyamba, mbatata ikhoza kupereka tubers zing'onozing'ono kuposa nthawi zonse. Koma kukwera kwachiwiri kudzathandiza kupanga mizu yayikulu, yosalala. Mbatata kuchokera kuzitsamba zopambana komanso zamphamvu zimasankhidwa ngati mbewu zakuthupi. Mayi amafunika kuwawa kapena kusokonezeka ndi tizirombo.

Pamene mukukula mbatata, zina zowonjezera kupopera mbewu ndi kukonza ndikukonzekera zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.

Timapereka chidziwitso cha zipangizo za ubwino ndi zoopsa za kugwiritsa ntchito fungicides ndi herbicides.

Pali njira zambiri zowonjezera mbatata. Takukonzerani zinthu zambiri zokhudza teknoloji ya Dutch, kukula mbatata pansi pa udzu, m'mbale ndi m'matumba.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda akuluakulu a nightshade: khansara ya mbatata, golide kwambiri ndi nematode, wamba wamba, osiyanasiyana mavairasi.

Mbewu sizimathaAmasunga chitetezo champhamvu. Kutseka koyambirira kumateteza tubers ndi masamba kumapeto kwa choipitsa. Pofuna kudwala matendawa, pamtunda wa mliriwu, zoyala zimayikidwa nthawi imodzi ndi zokonzekera zamkuwa.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagonjetsedwa ndi Colorado mbatata kafadala, koma ikhoza kukhudzidwa ndi wireworms (mphutsi imadodoma kafadala). Pofuna kupewa kusinthasintha kwa mbeu kumalimbikitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa minda yobzala. Mavitamini, kabichi, ndi zomera zamasamba zingakhale makolo a mbatata. Zimathandizira kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tisanabzalidwe mbande.

"Kugonjetsa" ndizosiyana ndi zomwe amaluwa ambiri adayesedwa ndipo ndi zoyenera kuyang'anitsitsa kwambiri. Ndibwino, zimasonyeza zokolola zabwino, kubereka kwa tubers, maso kapena mbewu zimatha.

Timalangizanso kuti mudzidziwitse ndi mitundu ina ya mbatata ndi mawu osiyana: