Masamba a zaka zapakatikati "Odala": kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana, chithunzi, makhalidwe

Mitengo ya mbatata "Zabwino" imakhala ndi kukoma kwabwino, chifukwa chakuti adatha kupeza chiwerengero chachikulu cha mafani, onse a m'banja komanso amaluwa.

M'nkhaniyi mudzapeza tsatanetsatane wa mbatata "Zabwino", chithunzi chake. Komanso mudzadziŵa zofunikira za kulima kwake ndikupeza zomwe matenda akuluakulu angawopsyeze.

Malingaliro osiyanasiyana

Mizu yazitsamba za mbatata zosiyanasiyana zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe ophika komanso kukhalapo kwa maso ang'onoang'ono. Zili ndi zofiira zofiira ndipo zimakhala ndi thupi lokoma. Nkhumba zomwe zimapezeka muzuzi zimakhala pamtunda wa 12.4 - 17.8%, ndi malemera awo ofiira amakhala 91 mpaka 166 magalamu.

Mbatata "Yamtengo Wapatali" inalengedwa ndi obereketsa ku Russia. Kulongosola kwake kungapezeke mu 2009. Izi ndi zosiyana kwambiri. Mukhoza kufanizitsa zokolola za mbatata zamtengo wapatali ndi mitundu ina mu tebulo ili m'munsimu:

Zizindikiro za mbatata "Zabwino"

Mbatata "Zabwino" imatanthawuza mitundu yambiri yamakono, kuyambira pakuyamba kwa mbande kufikira kukula msinkhu kawirikawiri imatenga masiku 80 mpaka 90.

Linaphatikizidwa mu Register Register ya Russian Federation ya kulima ku Central Black Earth dera, ndipo inafalikira m'madera a Moldova ndi Ukraine.

Mitundu ya mbatata "Krasavchik" imakhala yosavuta kulekerera chilala ndi kuwonongeka kwa makina, ndipo imadziwika ndi kukana matenda monga banded ndi wrinkled mosaic, kuchepa kochedwa, ndi causative wothandizira khansara ya mbatata, koma amapezeka ndi golide cyst-forming nematode.

Kukhoza kusunga bwino ndi khalidwe lofunika kwambiri la mbatata. Mu tebulo ili m'munsimu mudzapeza khalidwe ili mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana:

Werengani zambiri za nthawi ndi kusungirako kutentha kwa mbatata, zokhudzana ndi mavuto. Komanso za momwe mungasunge mbatata m'nyengo yozizira, pa khonde, muzitungira, mufiriji, peeled.

Bzalani izi zosiyanasiyana pambuyo pa chaka chimodzi ndi udzu wosatha, nyengo yozizira ndi mbewu zowonongeka, ndi fulakesi. Mu dothi la mchenga, limatha kukula pambuyo pa lupine. Physikiti ya phosphate ya nthaka yokwanira kukula kwa masambawa iyenera kukhala 5.0-5.5 mayunitsi, ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, dothi la nthaka liyenera kuchitidwa.

Pakuti mbatata za mtundu uwu zimadziwika ndi tchire-molunjika tchire lazitali zakutali, kukhala ndi mtundu wa pakati. Zimaphimbidwa ndi masamba ofiira a usinkhu wa kukula, zosiyana ndi mtundu wa pakati. Pa mbali ya mkati, munthu amatha kuona mtundu wa anthocyanin wa pakati, womwe ulibe buluu kapena wopanda pake.

Chithunzi

Chosankhidwa cha zithunzi za mbatata zosiyanasiyana "Zabwino":

Zizindikiro za kukula

Popeza mbatata "Yamtengo wapatali" imatanthawuza za mbewu zowunikira, pamene mubzala ziyenera kukhala mzere wochokera kumpoto mpaka kummwera, kuti zomera zonse zikhale zofanana.

Ntchito zazikulu zothandizira zosiyanasiyanazi ndizomera zamasamba ndikuchotsa nthaka, kuchotsa namsongole ndi kuyamwa, ulimi wothirira ndi umuna. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa kupatsiridwa kwa chakudya chimodzi cha zitosi za mbalame kapena mullein mu kuchuluka kwa 1-2 malita a madzi pa chitsamba.

Pofuna kuonjezera zokolola za mbatata, tikulimbikitsidwa kuika manyowa abwino kwambiri mu dzenje panthawi yobzala. Kumapeto kwa maluwa, feteleza za phosphate ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira ya foliar.

Werengani zambiri za momwe mungadyetse mbatata, nthawi komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito feteleza, momwe mungachitire mutabzala.

Mukamera mbatata, mabala opopera osiyanasiyana amafunika nthawi zambiri, makamaka chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Pa webusaiti yathu mudzapeza nkhani zowonjezera za ubwino wogwiritsira ntchito fungicides ndi herbicides popanga mbatata.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Mbatata zosiyanasiyana "Zapamwamba" zingakhudzidwe ndi golidi cyst nematode.

Zizindikiro za kukhalapo m'munda wa tizilombozi ndi awa:

• kupotoza ndi kuyanika msanga kwa masamba;
• kuoneka pamunda wa magawo osiyana ndi zomera zowirira ndi zowonongeka
• kuwonongeka msanga kwa tchire ndi kukula kochepa kwa tubers;
• kupindika kwa zimayambira;
• kusowa kapena kufooka kwa maluwa;
• Kupeza zomera zamasamba zofiirira.

Imodzi mwa mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochotseratu malemba ndi "Diazon"Komabe, amadziwika ndi poizoni wambiri, choncho ayenera kupangidwa pasanathe mwezi umodzi musanadzalemo mbatata.

Onaninso za matenda ena omwe amafala a mbatata: Alternaria, fusarium, verticillis, nkhanambo, kuchepa kwa mapira.

Zopindulitsa zazikuluzikuluzi zimaphatikizapo zokolola zazikulu, khalidwe la kusunga bwino ndi maonekedwe apamwamba, komanso kukana matenda ofala kwambiri.

Kukula mbatata kumachitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Tidzawuzani za teknoloji ya Dutch, za kulima mitundu yoyambirira, za kukolola mbewu popanda kupalira ndi kukwera pamwamba, njira yomwe ili pansi pa udzu, m'matumba, mu mbiya, mabokosi, kuchokera ku mbewu.

Pansi pa tebulo mudzapeza zokhudzana ndi nkhani za mitundu ya mbatata yakucha nthawi zosiyana: