"Lilac Fog" ndi mitundu yodalirika kwambiri ya ku Russia.
Mbatata imakula pamapulasi ndi minda yapayekha, zokongola komanso ngakhale tubers ndizo zogulitsa.
M'nkhaniyi mudzapeza tsatanetsatane wa zosiyana siyana, zikuluzikulu ndi zowoneka bwino za teknoloji yaulimi, komanso kuphunzira zomwe matenda ndi tizirombo zimakhudzidwa ndi mbatata iyi.
Chiyambi
Zosankha zosiyanasiyana za ku Russia, zimabweretsedwa mu boma la Russia mu 2011. Woyambitsa - Primorsky NIISH.
Zaperekedwa ku madera a North-West ndi Far East. Mbatata imalimbikitsidwa kulima m'minda yapafupi, pamapulasi, mwinamwake anabzala pa malo ogulitsa mafakitale. Zimakhala zazikulu, zogwirizana ndi kulemera kwake ndi kukula kwa tuber zabwino zogulitsa.
Tubers sionongeka pamene kukumba, amasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali.. Mbewu sizimatha, imatha kusonkhanitsidwa m'minda yawo kwa zaka zingapo mzere.
Mbatata "Lilac njoka": kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana
| Maina a mayina | Lilac njoka |
| Zomwe zimachitika | omwe amadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kukana kuwonongeka |
| Nthawi yogonana | Masiku 90-110 |
| Zosakaniza zowonjezera | 14,4-17,2% |
| Misa yambiri yamalonda | 90-160 |
| Chiwerengero cha tubers kuthengo | 7-10 |
| Pereka | 182-309 (chapamwamba 495) |
| Mtundu wa ogulitsa | Kukoma kwabwino ndi kuphika, zoyenera kuphika mbale iliyonse |
| Chikumbumtima | 98% |
| Mtundu wa khungu | pinki |
| Mtundu wambiri | kuwala kofiira |
| Malo okonda kukula | North-West, Kummawa |
| Matenda oteteza matenda | amatha kukhala ndi golide wa mbatata cyst nematode, moyenera kugonjetsedwa ndi kuchepa kochedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda |
| Zizindikiro za kukula | salola kutentha |
| Woyambitsa | Bungwe la North-West Research Institute of Agriculture (St. Petersburg, Russia) |
Kalasiyi ndi ya zipinda zodyeramo. Zokolola ndizachuluka, malingana ndi nyengo ndi zakudya zamtundu wa 1 hekitala, mukhoza kusonkhanitsa kuchokera ku 182 mpaka 309 omwe amakhala ndi mbatata yosankhidwa. Mtengo wapamwambawu umakhazikitsidwa pa 495 cententi pa hekitala.
Mukhoza kuyerekezera zokolola za nkhumba za lilac ndi mitundu ina yochokera pa deta yomwe ili patebulo:
| Maina a mayina | Pereka |
| Lilac njoka | 182-309 c / ha |
| Margarita | 300-400 okalamba / ha |
| Alladin | 450-500 c / ha |
| Chilimbikitso | 160-430 c / ha |
| Kukongola | 400-450 c / ha |
| Grenada | 600 kg / ha |
| Wosamalira | 180-380 c / ha |
| Vector | 670 c / ha |
| Mozart | 200-330 c / ha |
| Sifra | 180-400 okalamba / ha |
Mbatata yokolola amasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali popanda kutaya khalidwe lawo la malonda. Mtundu wa tubers ukufikira 98%. Kutalika kwautali wamtali kotheka.
Chinthu chofunika kwambiri kuti musunge zokolola ndikupanga malo osungirako bwino.Werengani zambiri zokhudza kusungirako mbatata m'nyengo yozizira, pa khonde ndi m'zitsulo, mufiriji ndi pota. Komanso za kutentha ndi nthawi, zokhudzana ndi mavuto.
Mtengo wamkati wamtundu, wamtunda kapena wapamwamba kwambiri, ndi nthambi zowonongeka bwino komanso zopanga zambirimbiri zobiriwira. Masamba ndi aakulu, obiriwira, ndi mapiri pang'ono. Corollas ndi zazikulu, zimasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku pinki yofiirira, maluwa ogwa mofulumira. Berry mapangidwe ali otsika. Mzuwu ndi wamphamvu, mbatata zazikulu 10-15 zimapangidwa pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zopanda mpikisano kuli kochepa.
Mu tebulo ili m'munsimu mudzapeza zizindikiro za zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri za mitundu ina ya mbatata poyerekeza ndi utsi wa Lilac:
| Maina a mayina | Mitengo ya tubers (magalamu) | Chikumbumtima |
| Lilac njoka | 90-160 | 98% |
| League | 90-125 | 93% |
| Milena | 90-100 | 95% |
| Elmundo | 100-135 | 97% |
| Serpanok | 85-145 | 94% |
| Svitanok Kiev | 90-120 | 95% |
| Cheri | 100-160 | 91% |
| Chisangalalo cha Bryansk | 75-120 | 94% |
Zosiyanasiyana zimagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ambiri oopsa a nightshade: khansa ya mbatata, tsamba lopiritsa tizilombo. Kuwoneka kuti zovuta zowonjezereka, zojambula ndi zojambulazo ndizochepa. Kutenga ndi golide cyst nematode n'zotheka.
Mphamvu ndi zofooka
Zina mwa ubwino waukulu wa mitundu ya mbatata "Lilac fog":
- kukoma kwake kwa tubers;
- chokolola chachikulu;
- Mizu yokolola imasungidwa bwino;
- kudzichepetsa;
- kulekerera kwa chilala;
- Tubers ali ndi khalidwe labwino kwambiri la malonda.
Zina mwa zolephera - kulandira matenda ena ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mbatata amakonda chonde dothi, mu osawuka wolemera nthaka zokolola zimachepa kwambiri.
Zizindikiro
- Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zazikulu, masekeli 90 mpaka 160 g;
- mawonekedwe ozungulira-oval;
- ma tubers ndi osalala, abwino;
- peel ndi yofiira, yogawidwa bwino, yofewa, yosalala;
- maso ali chabe, osaya, ochepa;
- Masamba pa odulidwawo ndi owala;
- olemera kwambiri, kuyambira 14.4 mpaka 17.2%;
- mapuloteni, mavitamini, amino acid, beta carotene.
Kukoma kwa mbatata ndi kosangalatsa kwambiri: wolemera, osati madzi, wachifundo.
Mbatata akhoza kuphikidwa, stewed, ankakonda kupanga kudzaza. Kuzama-kufuma sikuli koyenera.
Chithunzi
M'munsimu mudzawona mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbatata "Lilac fog mu chithunzi:
Zizindikiro za kukula
Agrotechnika mwa kalasi iyi ndiyomweyi. Kufika kumachitika mu theka lachiwiri la May, nthaka ikhale yotentha. Mitundu yoyamba ya tubers ikhoza kusweka pakati pa chilimwe, koma tchire ndikuwonetsa zokolola zambiri pamapeto pa nyengo yokula.
Mbatata imakonda nthaka yochepa, yobiriwira.. Kudyetsa nthawi ndi kudyetsa limodzi kumalimbikitsidwa. Werengani zambiri za momwe mungadyetse mbatata, nthawi komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito feteleza, momwe mungachitire mutabzala.
Ndikofunikira kuti musamalidwe bwino, ndikupanga mapiri okwera ndi kuchotsa namsongole. Polimbana ndi namsongole, kugwirana pakati pa mizere kudzawathandiza.
Mitengo ya mbatata Lilac Njoka imabzalidwa mu theka lachiwiri la May, mu nthaka yotentha. Musanabzala, mizu imasankhidwa ndipo imathandizidwa ndi kukula kokondweretsa. Ndiye mbatata imamera pang'onopang'ono kapena mvula yonyowa.
Nkofunikira: Kudula tubers musanadzalemo sikoyenera, zonse-chomera chodzala kwambiri kumawonjezera zokolola.
Phacelia
Zaka 2-3, malo odzala ayenera kusinthidwa kuti asatenge matenda a tubers komanso kuti asachepetse zipatso. Zitsulo zabwino kwambiri za mbatata ndi lupine, udzu udzu, mafuta odyera, masamba, kapena kabichi. Masamba omasulidwa akhoza kufesedwa ndi phacelia yomwe ikukula mofulumira, yomwe imalimbikitsa nthaka ndi ma microelements othandiza.
Mwabwino kutentha chilimwe kubzala tikulimbikitsidwa kuti madzi 1-2 nthawi. M'madera okhala ndi nyengo yowirira, madzi okwanira kawirikawiri amafunika. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imalekerera kuchepa kwa nthawi yayitali mu chinyezi, koma kusowa madzi nthawi zonse kumachititsa kuchepa kwa tubers.
Kukhala ndikukula mbatata musaiwale za kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi njira zosiyanasiyana.Werengani m'nkhani zathu zonse za fungicides, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, phindu lawo ndi zovulaza, ntchito yoyenera.
Kwa nyengo n'zotheka kudyetsa kamodzi ndi superphosphate kapena diluted mullein. Zomera zowonongeka sizingatheke, zimapangitsa kuti nitrate mu mizu. Ndikofunika kuuntha kukwera nthawi 2-3, kupanga mapiri okwera. Pa nthawi yomweyo namsongole amaonongeka.
Mlungu umodzi musanakolole, nsonga zimachotsedwa ku mbatata, izi zidzathandiza kuti tubers ipeze zakudya zambiri. Mbatata yokololedwa yayimitsidwa mailosi kapena pansi pa denga, yosankhidwa, ndiyeno kukololedwa kusungirako.
Pali njira zambiri zowonjezera mbatata. Pa webusaiti yathu mudzapeza zambiri zokhudzana ndi zamakono zamakono a Dutch komanso kupeza bwino zokolola popanda kupalira ndi kupuma, kuphunzira momwe mungakwerere oyambirira mitundu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira pansi pa udzu, m'matumba, mu mbiya, mabokosi.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Zithunzi zojambulidwa
Pofuna kupewa tizilombo tomwe tasungidwa tisanadzalemo, nthaka imamasulidwa mosamala, ndikusankha zotsalira za zomera. Panthawi ya mliri woopsa kwambiri, mankhwala ophika mkuwa ndi othandiza. Kuchokera muzu zowola ndi miyendo yakuda kumathandiza kuyambitsa phulusa m'nthaka.
Werenganinso za Alternaria, Fusarium, Verticilliasis ndi nkhanambo.
Mbatata ikhoza kudwala tizilombo toononga. Kawirikawiri izi ndizozipinda za Colorado ndi mphutsi zawo, njenjete za mbatata, zimbalangondo ndi maworworms.
Werengani za njira zowononga tizilombo pa webusaiti yathu.:
- Momwe mungachotsere wireworm.
- Katswiri wamakina komanso njira zamakono zotsutsana ndi Colorado mbatata kachilomboka.
- Chimene chingathandize kuchokera njenjete ya mbatata.
- Medvedka: momwe angagwiritsire ntchito mankhwala ndi mankhwala owerengeka.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe tchire tomwe timakhudzidwa timatulutsira komanso kumateteza kubzala. Ndikofunika kuchotsa namsongole mu nthawi yake, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muyambe mipata ndi udzu kapena udzu.
Mbatata "Lilac Ngozi" - yabwino kwambiri kwa wamaluwa. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yodzichepetsa, mbewu, tubers zingagulitsidwe kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito payekha. Kuonjezera apo, mbatata ndizochulukitsa ndalama, chifukwa mbewu sizisowa kukonzanso kawirikawiri.
Pansi pa tebulo mudzapeza zokhudzana ndi zipangizo za mbatata ndi mawu osiyana:
| Pakati-nyengo | Kuyambira m'mawa oyambirira | Kumapeto kwenikweni |
| Santana | Tiras | Melody |
| Desiree | Elizabeth | Lorch |
| Openwork | Vega | Margarita |
| Lilac njoka | Romano | Sonny |
| Yanka | Lugovskoy | Lasock |
| Toscany | Tuleyevsky | Aurora |
| Chiphona | Onetsetsani | Zhuravinka |
