Kukongola kwa Chibelarusi - kufotokoza kwa chokoma ndi chopatsa zipatso mbatata zosiyanasiyana "Yanka"

Mbatata ya Belarus imatengedwa ngati mlingo weniweni wa khalidwe ndi kukoma.

N'zosadabwitsa kuti mitundu yatsopano imasangalatsidwa ndi wamaluwa ndi alimi, amakula podzifunira okha komanso monga gawo la bizinesi yawo.

Zina mwazinthu zowonjezera zowonjezera ndi Yanka, zobala zokoma, zokoma ndi zosavuta kusamalira. M'nkhani ino tidzakuuzani mwatsatanetsatane za izi - ndondomeko, zizindikiro za kulima, zizindikiro ndi machitidwe a matenda.

Chiyambi

Zomera za mbatata Yanka zokhala ndi abambo a ku Belarusian. Woyambitsa ndi Mzinda wa Belarus wa Zomera ndi Kukula Kudzala. Chiwerengerochi chabweretsedwa mu boma lolemba boma la Russian Federation mu 2012. Mbatata imatulutsidwa kudera la Central ndi North-Western. Zimalimbikitsidwa kuti kulima m'minda ndi minda, kulima minda yokha yakhitchini. Kololani bwino yosungidwa, yoyenera kuyendetsa. Mitundu yabwino, yotayira bwino ndi yabwino kugulitsidwa, imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamunda.

Mbatata "Yanka": kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana ndi zithunzi

Yanka - tebulo lapakati pa nyengo. Kuchita bwino kuli bwino, kumadalira kukula ndi chikhalidwe. 195 mpaka 315 omwe amasankha mbatata amasankhidwa kuchokera ku 1 hekitala. Mtengo wapamwamba umakhazikitsidwa pa anthu okwana 360 pa hekitala.

Gome likupereka deta pa zokolola za mbatata zoyambirira:

Zosungidwa za tubers zimasungidwa bwino, kusunga khalidwe kumafikira 96%. Werengani zambiri za nthawi ndi kusungirako kutentha kwa mbatata, zokhudzana ndi mavuto. Komanso ponena za kusungira mizu yozizira m'nyengo yozizira, pa khonde, m'firiji, muzitsulo komanso mu mawonekedwe ojambulidwa.

Shrub ndiyimira kakulidwe kakang'ono, kolunjika, ndi kufalitsa nthambi moyenera. Masamba ndi osakanikirana, wobiriwira wobiriwira, okhala ndi mapiri pang'ono. Chomeracho chimakhala chophatikizana, chophatikizidwa kuchokera ku nsalu yofiirira kwambiri, maluwa ogwa mofulumira. Zipatso sizimangidwe kawirikawiri. Mizu imakhala yamphamvu, 8-12 yosankhidwa timachubu amapangidwa pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse.. Zinthu zing'onozing'ono ndi masamba osokoneza maluwa pang'ono.

Pansi pa tebulo mukhoza kuona zofanana zokhudzana ndi kulemera kwake kwa tubers ndi kusunga khalidwe mwa mitundu ina:

Mbatata imakula pamtunda uliwonse, tchire timalekerera chilala chaching'ono kapena madontho otentha. Zosiyanasiyana zimamveka pamwamba pa kuvala, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zovuta mchere feteleza, zokolola zimakula kwambiri.

Kupanga Hilling n'kofunikira pakupanga mapiri akuluakulu ndi kuwonongeka kwa namsongole. Mu mikhalidwe yotentha yotentha madzi okwanira akulimbikitsidwa.

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

Zina mwa ubwino waukulu wa zosiyanasiyana:

• kukoma kwake kwa mizu mbewu;
• zokolola zabwino; anatola tubers amasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali;
• Mzu wa masamba ndi ofewa, wokongola, wogulitsa;
• mbewu zakuthupi sizingatheke kuwonongeka;
• mbatata sizimawonongeka pakukumba;
• N'zotheka kubzala pa nthaka iliyonse;
• kulekerera kwa vagaries nyengo.

Kuti zolakwika zochepa zikhoza kutengeka kuti zimayambitsa matenda ena.

Zizindikiro za muzu

Mitundu ya mbatata "Yanka" ili ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono timene timayambira 80 mpaka 110 g
• mawonekedwe ozungulira kapena ovunda;
• ma tubers ndi osalala, abwino;
• peel ndi yachikasu, yofiira, yochepetsetsa, yochepera;
• maso osadziwika, ochepa, osakanikirana, osadziwika;
• mapira pa odulidwa ndi okoma kapena owala;
• Zakudya zowonjezera zimakhala zochepa, kuyambira 14.8 mpaka 15.4%;
• Zakudya zamapuloteni, mavitamini, zamtengo wapatali za amino acid.

Mbatata imakhala yosangalatsa kwambiri. Zakudya zosakaniza zokhala ndi masentimita sizimalola kuti minofu ikhale yodetsedwa panthawi yocheka ndi kuphika, mizu siritsani zofewa, koma zikhale zovuta, osati zovuta. Tubers akhoza kuphika, zakuya-koka, choyika zinthu mkati, chophika. Muzochitika zamakampani, mbatata za mbatata zimapanga makapu abwino, zosakaniza ndi mazira kapena mazamu ophwanyika.

Werengani zazinthu zina za mbatata.

Kodi n'chifukwa chiyani solanine ndi yoopsa, ntchito ndi chiwonongeko cha mbatata yaiwisi, ndizotheka kumwa madzi ake ndikudyera ndi chifukwa chiyani mukutero?

Mutha kuona kuonekera kwa mbatata ya Yanka mu chithunzi:

Zizindikiro za kukula

Pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono, mbatata iyi imayanjanitsidwa ndi dothi lililonse, koma limasankha nthaka yobiriwira. Kukonzekera kumawonjezeka ndi ntchito yoyenera fetereza fetereza. Mavuto ndi mkulu wa nayitrojeni ayenera kupeŵa, amathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa nsonga kwa kuwonongeka kwa tubers.

Werengani zambiri za momwe mungadyetse mbatata, nthawi komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito feteleza, momwe mungachitire mutabzala.

Kufika kumayambira mu theka lachiwiri la Maypamene dothi lili lotentha. M'madera otentha, pitani tubers kumayambiriro.

Musanabzala, nthaka imamasulidwa mosamala, zotsalira zamasamba zimasankhidwa kuchokera mmenemo, zomwe zingakhale malo obereketsa mabakiteriya ndi mphutsi za tizilombo. Kuti pakhale chitetezo chochuluka, nthaka ikhoza kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mulch ntchito.

Kulowa malo kumayenera kusinthidwa zaka zitatu zilizonse kuti musapewe matenda. Ndi bwino kudzala mbatata pamtunda umene unali ndi masamba, kabichi, kaloti, ndi zomera zamasamba.

Tubers anafika ndi kuya kwa masentimita 10, mtunda wa pakati pa mabowo ndi 30-35 masentimita. Manyowa ndi phulusa la nkhuni akhoza kuwonongeka ndi mabowo.zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nthaka ikhale ndi thanzi labwino.

Pa nyengo yobzala 2-3 nthawi zina, kupanga mapiri okwera pamwamba pa tchire. Kuthirira kumalimbikitsidwa, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza imodzi. Masiku khumi musanayambe kukolola mungathe kutsukidwa ndi mankhwala amadzimadzi a superphosphate. Foliar feteleza amalola kuonjezera kulemera kwa tubers, osati kulola iwo kuti azinjike nitrates.

Tubers ali ndi thupi lochepa koma lolimba, lomwe siliwonongeka pokumba. Kwa kulima kwa mafakitale, mungagwiritse ntchito zowonongeka kapena kutsogolo. Mbatata yokolola imasankhidwa ndi kuuma m'malire kapena pansi pa denga. Mbatata zogulitsa zingathe kunyamulidwa mwachindunji kumunda.

Timakupatsani zina zosangalatsa za momwe mungamere mbatata. Chitukuko cha Dutch, mbewu popanda kupalira ndi kukwera phiri, kulima mitundu yoyambirira, komanso kukolola mbewu, pansi pa udzu, mu mbiya, mabokosi, m'matumba.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Khansara ya mbatata

Analimbikitsa mankhwala a tubers asanadzalemo, kutaya nthaka ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Pofuna kuchepetsa vuto lochedwa, kubzala kumaphatidwa ndi mkuwa wokonzekera.

Werengani komanso za alternaria, Fusarium, Verticillium wilt.

Ponena za tizilombo toyambitsa tizilombo, mbatata nthawi zambiri amawopsezedwa ndi Colorado nyongolotsi, udzu wa mphutsi, zimbalangondo ndi njenjete za mbatata.

Polimbana nawo iwo amathandiza mankhwala apadera ndi kutsimikiziridwa pa njira zakale za anthu. Ndipo mukhoza kuwerenga za aliyense mwa iwo mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani za webusaiti yathu:

1. Kulimbana ndi kachilomboka ka Colorado mbatata ndi mphutsi zake: mankhwala ochiritsira ndi mankhwala.
   • Aktara.
   • Regent
   • Corado.
   • Kutchuka.
2. Mmene mungachotsere wireworm m'munda.
3. Mankhwala motsutsana ndi mbatata njenjete: gawo 1 ndi gawo 2.
4. Timamenyana ndi Medvedka pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamagetsi kapena zamitundu.

Mbatata "Yanka" - zosiyana kwambiri, osati zowonjezereka. Madzu samadwala, kulekerera nyengo yochepa. Mbatata imakhala yokoma, ndi yabwino kwa zowonjezera zowonjezera. Zokolola zasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, zimatha kugulitsidwa ngakhale miyezi ingapo mutatha kukolola.

Timalangizanso kuti mudzidziwe bwino ndi mitundu ya mbatata yomwe ili ndi mawu osiyana: