Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya radish yotchedwa "Dawn" (kuchokera ku Latin Latin RAPANUS SATIVUS VAR.) RADICULA 'ZARYA') imatanthawuza mitundu yoyamba yakucha. Iye anabadwira mu 1989 ndi obereketsa ku bungwe la All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Production.
Kuwonjezera apo mu nkhaniyi mudzapeza kufanana kotere kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, makamaka kulima kwake ndi maonekedwe a mitundu yofanana.
Nchifukwa chiyani adakhala wotchuka kwambiri ndipo ubwino wake ndi uti? Werengani nkhani zathu ndikuwona zithunzi za masamba oyambirira.
Kufotokozera za muzu
Muzu wofiira wofiira mpaka wamdima wofiira pafupifupi 3.9 centimita, mmimba mwake akhoza kufika 3 masentimita. Kawirikawiri, kulemera kwa chipatso chimodzi ndi 18-20 magalamu (atakula kale) ndi 6-7 magalamu (atakula mu nthaka yotetezedwa), choncho olima amaluwa amakonda kumera radishes poyera kuti apeze zotsatira zake, ndi kudyetsa.
Chithunzi
Pano mungathe kuona chithunzi cha radish Zarya:
Ntchito ndi Zopindulitsa
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano popanga saladi, chifukwa ali ndi mavitamini okwera kwambiri ndipo ali ndi masamba ena (nkhaka, tomato). Mnofu mkati mwawo muli yowutsa mudyo komanso wachifundo, ali ndi mtundu woyera, zipatso zimatha kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, osataya. Tsamba lili ndi sing'anga lamasinkhulidwe, lamasamba lotambasulidwa, lamasindikizidwe pang'ono, makapu osati owonda, osakanikirana.
Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, zipatso za radish "Dawn" sizowawa. Zokolola za zosiyanasiyana ndi 1.5 makilogalamu. mpaka 2.3 makilogalamu. ndi mamita 1 lalikulu. Zipatso zimachotsedwa mosavuta, mosamala bwino, nyengo ya chilimwe imakhala ndi zotsatira zomwe iye akulota.
Chisamaliro
Nthawi yofesa - oyambirira, ndi kukhwima kumachitika masiku 30. Oyenera malo onse otseguka ndi otsekedwa, amasankha malo amdima, omwe amapindulitsa pa mlingo wa kucha ndi khalidwe la zipatso.
Makamaka malo omwe ali kutali ndi mphepo. Chomera cha 4x20 centimita (mbeu iliyonse iyenera kukhala ndi masentimita 20 kuchokera ku yotsatira, osati kawirikawiri).
Chisamaliro ndi chophweka kwambiri.:
- Kupalira ndikofunikira;
- kuthirira;
- chakudya chomera.
Kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumadalira nyengo: ngati kutentha kuli kwakukulu, ndiye kuti ziyenera kuchitika tsiku ndi tsiku, ngati nyengo yachisanu, kuthirira kumachitika nthawi imodzi mu masiku awiri. Monga chakudya mungagwiritse ntchito:
- urea;
- awiri superphosphate;
- mtengo;
- humus;
- kompositi
Zovala zapamwamba zikuchitika makamaka musanadzalemo, pamene mukumba nthaka kuti mubzala.
Kuthirira
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti kuthirira radish kuyenera kuchitidwa moyenera: ngati mumamwa madzi ambiri, zipatso zimatha kukhala madzi komanso zopanda pake chifukwa cha chinyezi. Koma ngati mwasowa nthawi yothirira, zipatso za radish zimakhala zovuta, zovuta komanso zowawa kwambiri.
Koma ndibwino kuti chilimwe chimakhala ndi ubwino wambiri.:
- mbewu yolemera yomwe imatsutsana ndi kuwala kochepa;
- yaitali yosungidwa.
Lili ndi ubwino wambiri umene umapindulitsa thanzi. Tidzalemba za izi pansipa.
Kuwonjezera apo, muzu umenewu umatulutsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, komanso zokhudzana kwambiri ndi zinthu zofunikira kwambiri, mavitamini (mwachitsanzo, ascorbic acid okhutira mu zipatso amafikira 41.4 mg%). Izi zimapindulitsa thanzi la anthu a chilimwe ndi mabanja awo, ndipo radish amapanga chimodzi mwa zofuna kwambiri komanso zofuna mbewu.
Matenda oteteza matenda
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala yosagonjetsa matenda (mwachitsanzo, kwa anthu wamba monga kuvunda koyera kapena mwendo wakuda, womwe umakhudza mbewu zakuya, osati kuwalola kukula mpaka kukula), koma amafunikira kudyetsa kwina, makamaka ngati nyengo sizikuyenda bwino (nyengo, mphepo, mphepo yamkuntho usiku nthawi ya tsiku).
Monga momwe kulimbikitsidwa kumadera okulima, agronomists amapereka malo omasuka ndi otetezedwa kumadera monga:
- Kumadzulo chakumadzulo.
- Central.
- Volga.
- Kumadzulo kwa Siberia.
- Volgo-Vyatka.
- Far East.
- Ural dera la Russian Federation.
Kuwonjezera apo, mitundu yosiyana ndi yosagwirizana ndi mtundu wa maluwa (maluwa sachepetsa ubwino wa mbewu ndi masamba, kotero radish amawoneka mwatsopano ndipo samadwala matenda).
Kodi chifukwa cha kutchuka ndi chiyani?
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yotchuka kwambiri, imakula m'mayiko monga Ukraine, Belarus ndi Estonia, komwe nyengo imakhala yabwino, ndipo zokolola zimakhala zolemera kwambiri.
Maphunziro a izi zosiyanasiyana ndi abwino., wamaluwa ndi agronomists akulemba:
- mitundu yokolola yapamwamba;
- zipatso zokoma zipatso;
- Mbeu imapezeka pa malo ogulitsira.
Kusangalala ndi kuphweka mu chisamaliro kumapangitsa izi kukhala zosiyana kwambiri ndi zonse zomwe ziripo pakali pano.
Radishi "Zarya" imakhazikika bwino kwambiri m'nthaka, yomwe idyidyetsedwa ndi feteleza. Sakusowa ndalama zowonjezera, komabe kusamalira ndi kukonza madzi abwino a nthaka.
Mitundu yofanana
Zosiyanasiyana za katundu ndi khalidwe ndi zofanana ndi mitundu ina ya radish.
- Sakani "Zitatu" (kukula kwake kufika pa masentimita 4, mnofu ndi wowometsera komanso wachifundo, kukoma kwake kumakhala kosavuta ndi kusamalira bwino mbewu ndizu). "Zitatu" zimakhala zokolola zoyambirira, nthawi yoyamba kumera mpaka kuuka kwapadera zimasiyana ndi masiku 25 mpaka 30. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda, makamaka kumera koyera ndi mbande zakuda.
- Zina zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimawoneka ngati Dawn - radish "Ilke". Zili pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kucha nthawi, kuyambira pachiyambi cha kumera mpaka kukhwima ndi masiku 25-30. Zipatso zofiira za mawonekedwe ozungulira wolemera mapiritsi 16 mpaka 20, zamkati zimakhala zoyera komanso zowutsa mudyo. Komanso zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi tizirombo timene timapezeka mu mbewu zopanda mtengo.
Choncho, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya radish "Zarya" ndi imodzi mwa zotchuka kwambiri, zotsika mtengo, komanso zofunikira. Musaiwale kuti ogwira ntchito wamaluwa amazindikira kufunika kwake ndikulengeza kuti khalidwe la zipatso ndilopamwamba kwambiri, zokolola zimakhalanso zapamwamba, koma zofunikira zimasamalira ndi kulamulira pazomwe zimakhalapo. Kukolola koyambirira kumathandiza anthu a m'nyengo ya chilimwe kuti azitha kupeza mavitamini oyenera ndi kubwezeretsanso nyengo yachisanu, ndipo makhalidwe omwe amakondwera nawo amakondwera osati akulu okha, komanso ana.
