Hardy Sun Lover - Chokoleti Chokoleti

Cherry ndi chikhalidwe chofala m'mayiko ambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Nthawi zambiri mumamupeza mumtsinje wa USSR, kuphatikizapo m'minda ya Russia ndi madera a dacha.

Maganizo awa a wamaluwa amasokoneza obereketsa kuti apange mitundu yatsopano ndi yatsopano, mitengo yabwino ndi zipatso. Ngati mumaganizira ndemanga za wamaluwa, ndiye ndikuwona Chocolate Chokoleti yambiri "yamodzi" kwambiri, kufotokozera ndi chithunzi chake, komanso momwe mungamere Chocolate Chocolate, mungapeze pansipa.

Mbiri yobereketsa ndi dera loswana

Ichi yamatcheri amatanthauza achinyamata ndi akutukuka m'badwo chipatso chikhalidwe.

Kufika pakupanga mitundu yatsopano, akatswiri Sukulu Yoyesa Zosayansi Zachi Russia Zokhudza Zipatso Zobereka Zipatso (Orel) chifukwa chochita chidwi ndi ogulitsa ku Russia mumtengo wamtengo wotere, womwe ungakhale wokhutiritsa magawo awiri akuluakulu - ukanakhala ndi chiwerengero chokwanira cha chisanu chotsutsa ndipo chidzakhala chochepa.

Chikhalidwe choyambirira chinachokera ku chiyembekezo cha kuswana mwachangu cha Chocolatnits mu minda yamapiri ku Russia.

Ndipo, monga tikudziwira, gawo lalikulu la Russian Federation lili m'madera omwe ali ndi nyengo yozizira komanso yochepetsetsa, osachepera, m'malo movuta komanso ovuta kuti athe kulima bwino zipatso za thermophilic zipatso.

M'dera la Russia, mitundu yambiri ya yamatcheri ndi yopatsa, Vladimirskaya, Moscow Griot.

Koma chofunika msinkhuChofunikira ichi ndi lamulo la zaka zapitazo pamene wamaluwa ambiri amayesetsa kupanga zokolola zawo yabwino kwambiri komanso mwamsanga kubwerera.

Chomera chochepa chomwe chiri chosavuta kusunga. popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zapadera ndi zipangizo zowonjezera, ndizo zoyenera pa izi.

Kotero mu 1996, chifukwa chodutsa kusintha kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana Wogulitsa wogula ndi yamatcheri Lyubskaya Mitundu yatsopano yokongola ndi yopindulitsa inapezedwa (olemba - A. Kolesnikov, T. Trofimova, M. Miheeva).

M'chaka chomwecho, Chokoleti, yomwe inadzitcha dzina lake chokoleti chipatso chinali inalowa mu Register Register kwa Central Region ya Russian Federation.

Kuwonjezera apo yovuta hardiness ndi yochepa kukulaKatumbuwa uyu amadziwika ndi zina zabwino, zomwe zidzakambidwenso.

Mitundu ngati Volochaevka, Morozovka ndi Vyanok amasonyeza bwino winterinessiness.

Kuwoneka kwa Chokoleti cha Cherry

Izi zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi zotsatirazi zomwe zimasiyanitsa ndi mitundu ina yamatcheri.

Mtengo

Ali ndi kukula kochepa, kukula kwake kwa mtengo kumakhala pakati pa 2.1-2.5 m. Makungwa pa thunthu (thunthu) bulauni kapena bulauni-bulauni.

Chomeracho chimakhala ndi korona wambirimbiri, yomwe imakhala yowongoka pamwamba, yomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe a piramidi.

Akuwombera. Kukula muzitali zakutali. Monga lamulo, molunjika. Monga pa thunthu, pa nthambi zazikuru, makungwawo ndi ofiira ndi grayish tinge. Pa mphukira zimakhala ndi masamba omwe ali ozungulira, pafupifupi 3-4 mm yaitali. Maluwawo ali pamalo otetezeka, pafupi ndi mphukira.

Masamba. Kupanga kuchokera ku impso, iwo amapeza mkangano wa pafupifupi ovalular oval. Masamba a bicuspid a Chocolatnica ali ndi maziko osunthika komanso nsonga yosasangalatsa. Khalani pa nthambi pogwiritsa ntchito tsinde pafupifupi 1.5 masentimita kutalika. Pansi pa tsambali ndi lowala, pamwamba ndi mdima wonyezimira wobiriwira.

Maluwa Mtundu woyera, wokhala ndi mabala osasunthika. Mu imodzi yaing'ono inflorescence 3 maluwa amasonkhanitsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azikhala bwino zokolola. Maluwa a duwa ali ndi mawonekedwe a belu laling'ono lomwe lili ndi sepals.

Chipatso

Wodziwika ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira ndi kukula kwa 18-19 x 16-17 mm. Msuzi wa chitumbuwa chimodzi amatha kufika 3.5 - 4 g.

Fupa lozungulira lapafupi ndilo limodzi la magawo khumi la chiwerengero chonse cha mwanayo. Chomera Chokoma Chokoma chimapanga mtundu wa maroon, umene umakhala pamtunda wokwanira kucha zipatso nthawi zambiri umakhala wakuda wakuda.

Chipatso sichingapitirize kuthawa ndi phesi kutalika kwa 32-36 mm. Mdima wofiira wandiweyani wandiweyani thupi la chitumbuwa ndi mwala bwino akulekana wina ndi mnzake.

Zipatso zazikulu zazikulu zimakhala ndi Black Large, Volochaevka ndi Zhukovskaya.

Chithunzi

Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana

Chokoleti Cherry amadziwika ngati wodzikonda Zipatso za mbewu - zikutanthauza kuti Amatha kuberekedwa ndi mungu wake ndipo safuna zina zowonjezera mungu.

Kudzikonda kumakhalanso ndi kukumbukira Enikeeva, Mayak ndi Novella.

Komabe, kuti apereke chokwanira chokwanira "Chokoleti" ngakhale zokolola zopitirira, olima wamaluwa ndi akatswiri amalangiza kuti azidzala mtengo, wowonjezerapo mungu, pafupi ndi chitumbuwa cha zosiyanasiyana.

Pochita pollination, Chokoleti ikhoza kuthandiza. Cherry zosiyanasiyana Griot ndi mitundu ya chitumbuwa Vladimir ndi botolo. Ngati mitengo yabzalidwa mu gulu, kuti ikhale yaikulu pakati pawo. Siyani malo osachepera 2-3 mamita.

Mtengo wa zipatso zamtundu umenewu umatchula zokwanira zomera zokonda kutentha.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti zimapanga bwino kwambiri ndipo zimapereka zokolola zochulukirapo, kukula m'munda wamunda, bwino ndi dzuwa.

Odziwa bwino wamaluwa amalangiza malo oterowo kuti asankhe kumbali ya kumwera kwa munda. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kupezeka kwa mthunzi ku mitengo yapafupi kapena nyumba kumachepetsa kwambiri zokolola za Mkazi Chokoleti.

Komabe, kafukufukuyu akuwerengedwa ndi akatswiri monga olimba kwambiri. Mulimonsemo, nyengo yozizira-yolimba yamatcheri imatha kulekerera kutentha ndi kutentha kwa madzi.

Kusamalira kwa nthawi yaitali popanda kuthirira mtengo kumalola mizu yotchuka kwambiri.

Cherry maluwa amayamba kawirikawiri mu May. Udayamba kale pakati - mu theka lachiwiri la July, zipatso za Mkazi wa Chokoleti ziphuka. Choyamba chokolola chimapereka munda m'chaka chachinai moyo wanu.

Pokonzekera bwino agrotechnical njira ndi chisamaliro mosamala, chitumbuwa ichi chimapereka mokwanira zokolola zazikulu.

Malingana ndi ziwerengero, zokolola zambiri za mitundu zosiyanasiyana ndi 78 magulu opangira mahekitala (Makilogalamu 11-12 kuchokera ku mtengo umodzi)Mtengo wapatali unakhazikitsidwa pafupifupi pafupifupi 97.

Robin, Generous ndi Lyubskaya akhoza kudzitamandira bwino kwambiri.

Pa kutuluka mtengo umabala chipatso ndi zotsatirazi mankhwala:

Zipatso Zopatsa Chokoleti kawirikawiri zokoma kwambiri. Kuwidwa mtima kumeneku kumapangidwira pa zokoma ndi zowawa zofunikira, zomwe zimapereka chitumbuwa Cherry kukoma.

Komabe, zipatso za zosiyanasiyana si zokoma zokha, komanso zathanzi kwambiri. Makamaka, iwo ali olemera mu chitsulo, cobalt, mkuwa - zinthu zomwe zikugwira ntchito mwazigawo.

Ikani mu zamkati Pectin imathandiza kuthetsa bwino poizoni kuchokera m'thupi.

Kwa odyetserako zakudya, Chokoleti Chokoleka ndi chidwi chifukwa ndi chithandizo chilakolako chimakulaimalimbikitsa kwambiri kuti athetse ludzu komanso kuonetsetsa kuti matumbo akugwira ntchito.

Zipatso za Chernokorka, Zhivitsa ndi Kharitonovskaya mitundu zimakhalanso zabwino kwambiri komanso zimapindula.

Kubzala ndi kusamalira

Timaphunzira momwe ndikubzala Chokoleti Chokoleti? Chokoleti Chokoleti isanabzalidwe, ndikofunikira samalirani pansiPomwe kuyendetsa ndi kuchoka kwina kumayenera.

Mofanana ndi mitundu yambiri ya chitumbuwa, Chokoleti Chokoleka sichimakonda kwambiri dothi la mchenga lopangidwa ndi michere ndipo limapatsidwa dongosolo labwino la madzi.

Ndibwino kuti musabzala malo otsika otsika komanso malo omwe madzi akuyandikira (osakwana 1.5 mamita) pamwamba. Kuonjezera apo, malo okwera malo asanayambe kubzala mtengo ndi ofunika kwa manyowa ndi manyowa (humus).

Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa zomwe zimachitika mmera. Zomwe zinachitikira wamaluwa kunena kuti mbande sayenera kupezeka "ndi dzanja".

Pa nthawi yomweyi, magawo awo akunja ayenera kulumikizana ndendende ndi zaka zowonjezedwa.

Anabzala mitengo ya chokoleti mwina mu April kapena mu September. Kukumba dzenje mmera uliwonse ndi masentimita 70 cm ndi kuya kwa 60-70 masentimita.

Manyowa, potaziyamu kloride, superphosphate, ndi phulusa amawonjezedwa ku chitsime.

Mu dzenje la feteleza motere, mmerawo umatsika, mizu yake ili ndi nthaka ndipo nthaka imapondaponda pansi kuzungulira thunthu.

Imwani madzi omwe anabzalidwa bwino ndipo muteteze bwino madzi ozizira. Malo a basitomala ndikofunika mulch ndi humus ndi utuchi.

Kusamalira bwino Chokoleti Chokoleti kumasonyeza ulimi wothirira nthawi zonse, komanso kupalira kwa nthawi yake, kumasula ndi kuthirira nthaka.

M'chaka, masiku 22-27 pamaso pa kutupa kwa impso, ayenera kudula nthambi zouma ndi zowonongeka.

Pa maluwa ndi kucha akufunika kupereka mtengo kuthirira bwino - kufika ku ndowa 3-4 za madzi pansi pa mtengo uliwonse.

M'pofunikanso kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza zofunika m'nthaka nthawi.

Spring ndi nthawi ya feteleza feteleza, koma phosphate ndi feteleza feteleza zimaphatikizidwa mu kugwa. Mu nyengo yosakaniza, kulowetsedwa kwa mullein ndi mchere feteleza amayamba.

Ngati kukula kwa mbande chaka chilichonse ndi osachepera 70 masentimita, izo zikutanthauza izo mtengo ukuyamba bwino.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Izi zosiyanasiyana, monga mitundu yambiri ya yamatcheri, chikondi chokhalira m'nyengo yozizira. makoswe osiyanasiyana. Pofuna kuteteza khungwa ku tizirombozi, zimalimbikitsa chisanu chisanathe kukulunga mbiya ndi nsalu yowamba.

Ponena za matendawa, matenda a fungal monga coccomicosis ndi moniliasis.

Chinthu chosonyeza kuti matenda a mtengo ndi spores a bowa Blumeriella jaapii (Sossomuse hiemalis) ndi mawonekedwe ofiira a mawanga pa masamba osati nyengo yomwe iwo asanagwe.

Izi sizitsogolera ku imfa yomweyo ya mbewu, koma mtengo umene ukudwala matenda omwe tatchulawu umachepa pang'onopang'ono ndipo umamwalira kunja msanga, osatha kukhala ndi chisanu cha chisanu.

Kulimbana ndi coccomycosis ndi pakugwiritsanso ntchito moyenera nkhuni ndi fungicides: Nthawi yoyamba isanayambe mphukira, yachiwiri ili pa maluwa, pafupi ndi mapeto ake, lachitatu ndi masabata 2-3 pambuyo pa mapeto a maluwa (kapena malingana ndi momwe zinthu ziliri, ngati mawanga ofiira pa masamba akupitiriza kuonekera).

Mitundu Tsarevna Felt, Ashinskaya Steppe ndi Tamaris akulimbana ndi mliriwu.

Matenda a Monilias, omwe amachititsa kuti monilia asamalire, amatenga dzina lake lachiwiri - kutentha kwa monilial - chifukwa chakuti nthambi zouma zimawonekera kwambiri pamitengo yokhudzidwa nayo.

Ngati kwa zaka zingapo simukuyamba kulimbana ndi matendawa, zomerazo zidzafookera ndi kufa.

Kusamalira thanzi la mitengo yowonongeka sikuyenera kukhala siteji ya kusankha mbande.

"Kupewa" imaphatikizapo kusankha malo abwino odzala mpweya wokwanira, kubzala mitengo yovomerezeka ya mitengo ikuluikulu ndi nthambi kuonongeka chifukwa cha kuchitapo kanthu, kupopera nthawi ndi nthawi korona wokhuthala.

Ngati mtengo sungatetezedwe ku matenda, ndiye kuti ayenera kuchiritsidwa mwamsanga.

Kwa izi nyengo zingapo Kukonzekera kwa miyala kumayenera kuchitidwa fungicides - isanayambe, nthawi komanso pambuyo pake.

Pofuna kuchepetsa kuika kwa bowa pamitengo yoyandikana nawo, mankhwala oyenera ndi kudulira nthambi ayenera kuchitidwa. kokha mu nyengo yopanda mphepo.

Choncho, kuti mukondweretse kukoma kwa imodzi yamatcheri okongola ndi onunkhira, muyenera kuyesetsa khama. Koma kodi Chokoleti Chokoleti sikofunika?

Onani vidiyo yothandiza yokhudzana ndi zifukwa zotani za fruiting cherries? Kodi mungateteze bwanji yamatcheri kuchokera ku tizirombo? Kodi mitundu yambiri yolimbana ndi matenda ndi iti?