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Malamulo okubzala yamatcheri

Cherry ndiye mtundu wakale kwambiri wa chitumbuwa, chomwe chimadziwika zaka masauzande asanu ndi atatu BC. Chomera chokonda kutentha ichi cha kum'mwera chakumapeto kokha m'zaka zana zapitazi chifukwa cha zoyeserera za obereketsa zidayamba kulowa madera ozizira. Kuti mukule bwino chikhalidwe ichi popanda mavuto ndikupeza zokolola zabwino, wosamalira mundawo ayenera kulimbikira. Ndipo akuyenera kuphunziranso malamulo oyendetsawo ndikusankha malo omwe ali ndi zabwino.

Madeti okoma kubzala zipatso

Pali njira ziwiri zosankha nthawi yodzala mabulosi - masika ndi yophukira. Njira yoyamba ndiyo yomwe imakondedwa kwambiri komanso ndiyofala, ndioyenera kumagawo onse aulimi. Nthawi yodzala iyenera kusankhidwa kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, pomwe kutuluka kwamadzi sikunayambe ndipo masamba sanatupire. Komanso, chipale chofewa chizikhala chitapita kale, ndipo dziko lapansi limatentha mpaka + 5-10 ° C. Nthawi ino ndiyabwino chifukwa chilengedwe chimayamba kudzuka ndipo mbewu zobzala zimadzuka nayo. Amayamba kuzika mizu ndikuyamba kukula. Mlingo wopulumuka wa mbande panthawiyi ndiwambiri. Ndipo pofika m'dzinja, chitumbuwa chokoma chimazika mizu m'malo atsopano, kulimba, kukhala ndi mphamvu ndikupeza bwino kupulumuka nyengo yake yachisanu.

Kumagawo akum'mwera komwe kumatentha nthawi yayitali komanso nthawi yayitali, kukula kwa nthawi yophukira ndikotheka. Pankhaniyi, nthawi iyenera kusankhidwa kuti nyengo isanayambe kuzizira kwatsala masabata 3-4, pomwe mmera ukhale ndi mizu. Njirayi ili ndi mwayi umodzi - madera omwe ali ndi chilimwe chouma komanso chotentha, mbande zobzalidwa kasupe zimathana ndi chilala ndi kutentha, zomwe zimasiyidwa pakubzala yophukira.

Komwe mungabzala zipatso zokoma pamalowo

Pakubzala yamatcheri mufunika malo owala bwino komanso opumira. Nthawi yomweyo, iyenera kutetezedwa ku mphepo yozizira kumpoto mu mitengo yamiyala, makoma a nyumba kapena nyumba, mipanda. Ndikwabwino kusankha kaphiri kakumwera kapena kumwera chakumadzulo komwe madzi sangasanduke. Kutseka kwamadzi ndi madzi apansi panthaka (osakwana mita 2,5) sikuloledwa.

Kodi dothi limakonda chiyani

Ma loles achonde ndi abwino ma cherries omwe amakhala m'madera ouma, ndipo ma loams amchenga ndi oyenera m'malo omwe ali ndi chinyezi chokwanira kapena chambiri. Pakadali pano, dothi liyenera kukhala ndi lotayirira, lotakidwa bwino lomwe. Mulingo woyenera wa acidity ndi pH 6.7-7.1, koma pazinthu za chernozems zokhala ndi humus zochuluka, mbewu zimatha kuloleranso dothi la carbonate (kuchuluka kwa zamchere). Pankhaniyi, kuyankha kwa pH 8.0 ndikololedwa.

Momwe mungabzale zipatso zotsekemera ngati madzi apansi ali pafupi

Palibe njira yachuma yolimilira zipatso zamatcheri m'malo omwe kumapezeka madzi pansi. Pamayendedwe akunyowa, ndikofunikira kuthira pakukhazikitsa ngalande zomwe zimachotsa chinyezi chambiri pamalowo. Zosangalatsa ndizokwera mtengo komanso nthawi yambiri.

Kupanga tsamba ndi malo odula.

Pomwe kupezeka kwamadzi mkati mwa 1-1.5 m, mutha kuyikapo yamatcheri kuphiri. Imathiridwa pamtunda woyambira 0,5-1.2 metres ndi 2-2,5 metres.

Kodi zipatso zamatcheri zibzalidwe mtunda uti?

Nthawi yodzala imangotengera kukula kwa chisoti. Ndipo, zimatengera mtundu wa chitumbuwa chokoma ndi katundu yemwe katemera unachitika. Pafupifupi, korona wamutu wapamwamba nthawi zambiri amakhala wa 2,5-4 metres. Kutengera mawonekedwe a mitundu yobzalidwa, mtunda pakati pa mitengo yomwe ili pamzerewu umatengedwa wofanana ndi mulifupi wa korona, ndipo mtunda pakati pa mizere umakulitsidwa ndi 1-1,5 mita. Ndiye kuti, ndi korona mainchesi atatu, njira yofikira imasankhidwa 3 x 4 metres.

Amatcheri obzalidwa pamtunda wa mamita atatu kuchokera wina ndi mnzake

Kodi ndingabzale mitengo yamtengo wapatali iti?

Ndikofunika kugawa mbewu molingana ndi mfundo zake - monga ndi zina. Cherry amabzala makamaka pagululi ndi yamatcheri ena ndi yamatcheri. Mbeu zamapometi - apulo ndi peyala - nthawi zambiri zimasokoneza ma cherries, choncho muyenera kupewa. Ndipo ndikoyenera kupewera pafupi ndi pafupi ndi sea sea buckthorn - kwakukulu, ndi mnansi woyipa wa mbewu iliyonse. Apurikoti ali ndi mizu yayikulu komanso yamphamvu, yomwe idzagwira ntchito ndi mizu yamchere yomweyo. Chifukwa chake, ndikoyenera kufalitsa mdera lawo ndi mamita 5-6. Maula ndi maula anga sangawavulaze amtengo wokoma, koma iyemwini awatsendereza.

Komwe mungadzalidwe zipatso zamatcheri obzala zokha

Ma Cherry opanda chonde amafunika kukhalapo kwa mungu wopopera pakati pa 50-100 mita. Monga lamulo, izi ziyenera kukhala zipatso zamtundu wina, nthawi yomwe maluwa ake imagwirizana ndi nthawi ya maluwa obzala. Kuphatikiza apo, malinga ndi mabuku ena, pollinator wabwino wamatcheri ndi Lyubskaya chitumbuwa. Izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa mukabzala yamatcheri. Ngati palibe mbewu zoterezi pafupi, koma mukufuna kubzala zipatso zokoma, ndipo sizabereka, ndiye kuti mudzabzala zipatso zamtengo wapatali nthawi yomweyo.

Momwe mungabzale zipatso zokoma

Kubzala yamatcheri kumafunika kukonzekera.

Kukonzekera dzenje lobzala yamatcheri masika

Kudzala dzenje lamatcheri kuyenera kukonzedwa osachepera masiku 20-30 musanabzale. Ngati zakonzedwa kuti zikhale masika, ndibwino kukonzekera dzenje lakugwa. Kuti muchite izi:

  1. Ndikofunikira kukumba dzenje lakuya masentimita 50-60 ndi mainchesi 80-100. Pa dothi losauka la humus, kuchuluka kwa dzenje kumakulitsidwa kuti kumalowe michere yambiri mukabzala.

    Ndikofunikira kukumba dzenje lakuya masentimita 50-60 ndi mainchesi 80-100

  2. Ngati dothi ndi lolemera, la clayey, ndiye kuti dzenjelo liyenera kukulitsidwa mpaka masentimita 80 ndipo ngalande yolumikizira madzi yopingasa ndi mainchesi 10-20 iyenera kuyikidwa pansi pake. Mwala wosweka, dothi lakukula, miyala, zidutswa zosweka, etc. amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ngalande.

    Ngati dothi ndi lolemera, dongo, ndiye kuti pansi pa dzenjelo muyenera kuyala ngalande yokhotakhota ndi mainchesi 10-20

  3. Zitatha izi, dzenje liyenera kudzazidwa ndi mulingo wosakanikirana ndi michere wokhala ndi magawo ofanana a chernozem, peat, humus ndi mchenga wowuma bwino. 30-25 magalamu a superphosphate ndi malita 0,5 a phulusa lamatabwa amawonjezedwa pachidebe chilichonse cha zinthu zoterezi.

    Dzenje lofikira liyenera kudzazidwa pang'onopang'ono ndi mchere

  4. M'nyengo yozizira, dzenje limakutidwa ndi zida zochitira chinyezi (filimu, zinthu zofolerera, masitilo, ndi zina) kuteteza kutsuka kwa michere posungunuka ndi madzi amvula.

Kubzala yamatcheri mu mbande yamasika

Njira yodziwika kwambiri yodzala mabulosi ndikubzala ndi mbande. Amagulidwa kawirikawiri mu kugwa, chifukwa panthawiyi pamakhala kusankha kwakukulu kwa kubzala zinthu zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ndikofunika kupereka zokonda mbande za chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri zakubadwa. Oterowo bwino mizu yake nkukhala mizu, kulowa zipatso ndikufulumira. Mizu ya mmera uyenera kupangidwa bwino ndikukhala ndi mizu yopanda ulusi popanda zophuka, ma node ndi ma cones. Thunthu liyenera kukhala losachepera 10-15 mm mulifupi, kukhala ndi khungwa losalala popanda ming'alu ndi kuwonongeka. Posachedwa, mbande za chitumbuwa zomwe zili ndi mizu yotsekedwa zikugulitsidwa kwambiri kuti zizigulitsidwa. Ubwino wawo ndikuti mbewu zotere zingabzalidwe nthawi iliyonse kuyambira Epulo mpaka Okutobala.

Mbande yokhala ndi mizu yotsekedwa ingabzalidwe nthawi iliyonse munyengo

Momwe mungasungire nthangala musanabzike mu masika

Mutha kupulumutsa mbande zomwe zidagulidwa m'chipinda chapansi panthaka (pansi) kapena kuyikidwa pansi. Poyambirira, muyenera kukhala ndi chipinda chokhala ndi mpweya wokhazikika kuyambira 0 mpaka +5 ° C. Mizu yosungunuka imanyikidwa mu phala la mullein ndi dongo, kenako ndikuyika m'malo otentha (mchenga, utuchi, nyemba).

Kachiwiri, muyenera kukumba dzenje m'mundamo ndikuzama masentimita 20-30, pansi pomwe mchenga wawung'ono umatsanuliridwa. Mbande zimakonda kulowa m dzenje ndikudzaza mizu ndi mchenga. Imathiriridwa ndikufundidwa ndi dothi pafupifupi kwathunthu, ndikusiya pamwamba kokha osakutidwa. Amaphimbidwa ndi nthambi za spruce kuti zisawonongeke ndi hares.

Mpaka masika, mbande zimatha kusungidwa ndikuzikumba m'mundamo

Malangizo a pang'onopang'ono a kubzala yamatcheri

Tsopano zonse zakonzeka bwino kubzala zipatso zotsekemera - dzenje lobzala pamalo osankhidwa ndi mmera wa zinthu zosiyanasiyana, zosungidwa. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, ndikayamba kwa nthawi yokwanira, amayamba kumera:

  1. Patsiku lobzala, amatenga mmera kuchokera pansi kapena prikop ndikuwunika. Ngati mizu yowonongeka kapena ya chisanu ikapezeka, iduleni ndi pruner.

    Ngati mizu yowonongeka kapena yozizira ikapezeka, iduleni ndi mitengo yodulira.

  2. Zilowetsani mizu kwa maola angapo mu yankho la chopukuzira chokula (Epin, Heteroauxin, Kornevin).

    Zilowani mizu kwa maola angapo mu yankho la chopukusira chophukacho

  3. Tsegulani dzenjelo ndikukhazikitsa dzenje molingana ndi kukula kwa mizu ya mmera.
  4. Kapangidwe kakang'ono mkati mwa dzenje, ndipo mtengo wamatabwa kapena wachitsulo umayendetsedwa pang'ono kumbali ya pakati. Kutalika kwake pamwamba pa dothi kuyenera kukhala kosiyanasiyana masentimita 80-120. Ziphuphu ziwiri zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza bwino chomera.
  5. Mmera umalowetsedwa m'dzenjemo, ndikuika khosi mizu pamwamba pa chitunda, ndikuwongolera mizu pamalo otsetsereka.

    Mmera umalowetsedwa m'dzenje, ndikuika khosi mizu pamwamba pa mulu, ndikuwongola mizu pamalo otsetsereka

  6. Pakadali pano, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito thandizo la munthu wachiwiri. Wina adzagwira chomeracho, ndipo chachiwiri - kudzaza dzenje ndi dothi. Izi ziyenera kuchitika m'magawo ndi kuphatikizika kwa chilichonse. Ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti pamapeto pake khosi la mmera lili pamlingo wa dothi. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito njanji kapena bala.

    Ndiwothekanso kuwongolera mulingo wamizu mukabzala yamatcheri pogwiritsa ntchito lath kapena bar

  7. Woyendetsa wapakati wokomera amadula mpaka masentimita 60-80, ndipo nthambi (ngati zilipo) zimafupikitsidwa mpaka 20-30 sentimita.

    Mutabzala, mmera udula

  8. Amamangirira mbiya pamtengo ndi zotanulira mwa mawonekedwe a "asanu ndi atatu" popanda kuphwanya bark. Komanso pazolinga izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mapepala apulasitiki apadera.

    Kwa mbande za garter, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mapepala apulasitiki

  9. Chozungulira chimakhala ndi bwalo lokhala ndi dongo m'mphepete mwa dzenjelo.
  10. Madzi ambiri chomera katatu katatu mayamwidwe chinyontho. Izi ndizofunikira kuonetsetsa kukhudzana ndi dothi ndi mizu ndikuchotsa ma sinuses muzu.

    Thirirani mbewuyo katatu mpaka mayamwa chinyontho

  11. Tsiku lotsatira, nthaka imasulidwa ndikukulika, pogwiritsa ntchito humus, kompositi, dothi labwino, udzu, ndi zina zambiri.

    Mukathirira, dothi limasulidwa ndikunyentchera.

Momwe mungabzalire kumata kamasamba

Amatchera zipatso zamtundu wobzalidwa malinga ndi malamulo omwewo ngati muzu wa mizu. Chokhacho ndichoti malo opereka katemera nthawi zina amakhala otsika kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, mukabzala, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti sikuwoneka ngati kuti manda m'nthaka. Ndikofunika kuti tsamba la katemera likhale pamwamba pa nthaka ndi masentimita 5-7. M'madera okhala ndi chivundikiro chachikulu kwambiri cha chipale chofewa, ndibwino kugula mbande kumtengowo kutalika kwa 0,5-1.0 m.

Ndikofunika kuti katemera agwiritsidwe ntchito osachepera masentimita 5-7 kuchokera pansi

Momwe mungabzala zipatso zamatchubu mumchombo

Pakadali pano, mbande za mitengo yokhala ndi mizu yotseka (ZKS) zikugulitsidwa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amabzala mumbale kapena zidebe ndikugulitsa nawo. Njirayi ili ndi zabwino zoonekeratu:

  • Poika mbande zotere, mizu yake sinavulazidwe ndipo kupulumuka kwake ndi 100%.
  • Mbande zokhala ndi ZKS zitha kukhala zaka 3-4 pakabzalidwe, zomwe zimafupikitsa nthawi yamatcheri kubala zipatso kuyambira nthawi yobzala.
  • Mutha kubzala mbewu zotere nthawi iliyonse kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira.

Kudzala dzenje la ma cherries ndi ZKS kumakonzedwa molingana ndi malamulo omwewo ngati mbande wamba, malamulo obzala nawonso sasintha. Zomwe zimatsata ndizotsatirazi:

  • Boti silimapangidwa mu dzenje lobzala, chifukwa mmera umazunzika kuchokera m'chidebe ndikuchotsa dothi lapansi.
  • Komanso, chomera ngati ichi sichifunikira mtengo wa garter, popeza mtanda waukulu pamizu umakhala ndi chitumbuwa.

    Nyama yayikulu padziko lapansi pamizu imakhala ndi chitumbuwa

Vidiyo: kubzala yamatcheri

Momwe mungabzale chitumbuwa chokoma ndi fupa

Zachidziwikire, yamatcheri amathiridwa nthangala. Funso: bwanji? Amadziwika kuti pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamtunduwu zoyambirira sizikusungidwa. Ngakhale mabulosiwo ndi otakasuka komanso okulirapo, mbewu yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ikule, zotsatira zake zimakhala imodzi. Pambuyo pogwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, masewera amtchire omwe amakhala ndi zipatso zazing'ono zamtundu wa Mediocre adzakula. Inde, mbewu yotere imakhala ndi kupirira, chisamaliro chonyalanyaza, chisanu, chisangalalo cha matenda ndi tizirombo. Koma zitheka kuugwiritsa ntchito ngati chomera cha mitundu yolumikizira yamatcheri amtundu wina kapena kukongoletsa kubzala kwa greenery. Popeza izi, timalongosola momwe kubzala ma cherries ndi mwala mwachidule:

  1. Kuchokera pa ma cherries omwe amakula m'deralo, amatola ngongole yoyenera (ndi malire) ya njere kuchokera ku zipatso zamphesa.
  2. Mafupa amasulidwa ku zamkati, kutsukidwa ndikuuma.

    Mafupa amasulidwa ku zamkati, kutsukidwa ndikuuma

  3. Zoyikidwa mu chikwama cha pepala ndikusungidwa mpaka Disembala kutentha.
  4. M'mwezi wa Disembala, mafupawo ankanyowa m'madzi kwa masiku atatu mpaka anayi, akusintha tsiku ndi tsiku.
  5. Amayikidwa mu chidebe chokhala ndi gawo lonyowa (mchenga, utuchi, moss-sphagnum).
  6. Chotengera chija chimakhazikika mufiriji kwa miyezi itatu kuti chimere mbewu.
  7. Kumayambiriro koyambira, chidebe chimatengedwa kunja ndikukakutidwa ndi chipale chofewa.
  8. Zipolopolozo zikasweka ndikuyamba kumera, zimabzalidwa mumiphika kapena matayala mpaka mainchesi 1.5-2.

    Zipolopolozo zikasweka ndikuyamba kumera, zimabzalidwa mumiphika umodzi

  9. Kuwombera nthawi zambiri kumawonekera patatha masiku 25-30. Akafika kutalika kwa masentimita 10-15, amakwiriridwa m'miyala ikuluikulu.

    Mbewu zikafika pakotalika masentimita 10-15, zimayilowetsedwa m'miyala ikuluikulu

  10. Ndi kupukutira pafupipafupi komanso kumasuka ndi kugwa, adzakula mpaka 25-30 sentimita.
  11. Zitatha izi, osachepera mwezi umodzi isanayambike chisanu, mbande zomwe zimapezeka zimabzalidwa pamalo okhazikika, kutsatira malamulo omwe afotokozedwa pamwambapa. Nthawi yomweyo, chisamaliro chimayenera kutetezedwa kuti muteteze mbewu ku chisanu ndi makoswe pogwiritsa ntchito malo okhala m'mabotolo apulasitiki omwe adadula pansi.

    Ndikofunika kusamalira kuteteza mbewu ku chisanu ndi makoswe powapangira masheya m'mabotolo apulasitiki omwe adadula pansi

Momwe mungabzale lokoma chitumbuwa mu kasupe ndi kudula

Kuti mubzale zipatso zotsekemera, ziyenera kuzika mizu. Malangizo pobzala mizu yokhazikitsidwa ndi chimodzimodzi kubzala mmera wamba.

Mizu cuttings yamatcheri

Monga lamulo, yamatcheri amafalitsidwa ndi kudulidwa kobiriwira. Izi ndi zophweka, koma zopweteka. Muli izi:

  1. Kukolola odulidwa. Nthawi yabwino kwambiri ya izi imabwera pomwe mphukira zazing'ono zimafikira kutalika ndikuyamba kupendekera, koma iwo eni akadali osinthasintha. Pakati Russia, izi zigwera pa June 10-30. Chifukwa chake:
    1. M'mawa kwambiri, kukakhala kozizira, amasankha mphukira zamitundu ing'ono, zophuka pamsana wachikulire chaka chatha ndikukula m'mbali lachifumu. Dulani ma secateurs awo.
    2. Kuchokera kunthambi izi, zadula masentimita 8-10 m'litali zimadulidwa. Aliyense wa iwo ayenera kukhala ndi impso ndi tsamba. Mwakutero, gawo lotsika liyenera kukhala lalikulu masentimita awiri kuchokera ku impso yoyamba.
    3. Mapepala amodzi kapena awiri otsika amadulidwa kwathunthu, ndipo omwe akumtunda amawadula ndi 50-60% kuti achepetse madziwo.

      Mapepala amodzi kapena awiri amacheka kwathunthu, ndipo omwe akumtunda amawadula ndi 50-60% kuti achepetse madziwo

    4. Zidulidwa zokhazokha zimayikidwa kumapeto kwa njira yotsatsira mizu (Kornevin, Heteroauxin) mpaka akuya masentimita 2,5 mpaka 300. Panjira iyi, odulidwa amayenera kuimirira mpaka madzulo.
  2. Kuti muzutse mizu, muyenera kukonzekera chidebe chokhala ndi michere m'nthaka. Choyamba, pepala lokhazikika ndi madzi lapansi limathiridwa pansi ndi chosanjikiza masentimita 10-12. Gawo kuchokera pamchenga wosakanizika ndi ma peat limathiridwa pamtunda pamwamba ndi masentimita 3-5.
  3. Madzulo, kudula kumachotsedwa mu njirayi ndikuwakhomera mu dothi lokonzedwa ndikuzama masentimita 3-4 kuti impso yam'munsi imakhala gawo lapansi. Mtunda pakati pa zodula mzere uyenera kukhala wamkati masentimita 5-7, ndi pakati pa mizere - masentimita 8-12.

    Zidula za mizu zadulidwa kumbali yakuwombera yomwe ili pa zophuka za chaka chatha

  4. Nyowetsani dothi kuchokera ku botolo lothirira.
  5. Chidebechi chimayikidwa mchinyalala chomenyera bwino, momwe chinyezi chambiri chimayenera kusungidwa. Kutentha kwambiri kwa mizu ndi 23-30 ° C.

    Chidebe chodulidwacho chimayikamo wowonjezera kutentha, momwe mulinso chinyezi

  6. Chisamaliro chowonjezereka chimakhala ndikutsuka tsiku ndi tsiku ndikutsirira kawiri kuchokera ku sprayer. Komanso, ngati pakufunika kutero, nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa mosamala.
  7. Pakatha pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, mbewuzo zimakhala ndi mizu yabwino ndipo ziyenera kubzalidwa. Mutha kuchoka pomwepo mpaka malo okhazikika, koma ndibwino kuti muzitha kuziyika mumzinthu kapena zidebe, ndikuziyimitsa kuti zifike mpaka kumapeto. Potere, mbande zoterezi ziyenera kuyikidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha kwa dzinja kapena kukhala ndi pogona poti zisazizidwe.

Kanema: momwe mungazule mizu yobiriwira bwino

Kubzala yamatcheri, kutengera ndi malo omwe mukubzala

Malamulo obzala komanso kufunika kwa malo a mtengowo ndizoyimira palokha popanda kukula. Ndiwokhazikika komanso ofotokozedwa pamwambapa. Kusiyanaku kumakhalapo mwa mitundu ndi njira zokulira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, makamaka posamalira komanso mapangidwe.

Ku Belarus

Nyengo zosefukira ku Belarus ndizabwino kwambiri kumera zipatso zamatchire. Zina mwa izo ndi:

  • Ma petrol;
  • Iput;
  • Kumpoto;
  • Anthu;
  • Syubarovskaya ndi ena

Madeti obzala zipatso zotsekemera ku Belarus ndi masika oyambirira.

Ku Ukraine

Amatcheri, monga yamatcheri, amakula kwambiri ku Ukraine konse, makamaka kum'mwera kwake. Mitundu yambiri yazipinda zokhala kuno (makamaka ku Melitopol kuyesa kulima malo):

  • Melitopol wakuda;
  • Melitopol koyambirira;
  • Valery Chkalov;
  • Chisatini
  • Zodabwitsa;
  • Space ndi ena ambiri.

Kubala kumachitika onse mu kasupe ndi nthawi yophukira (madera akumwera) molingana ndi malamulo wamba.

Kubzala zipatso zokoma ku Central Russia, kuphatikiza ndi Chigawo cha Moscow

Mitundu yolimba yozizira kuyambira nthawi yoyambira mpaka m'ma mochedwa ndiyabwino pamalo awa. Kwambiri, ndi zipatso za kuswana kwa All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine (Bryansk) ndi All-Russian Selection and Technology Institute of Horticulture and Nursery (Moscow), komanso mitundu ina ya Chibelarusi ndi Chiyukireniya. Kubzala yamatcheri pano kuyenera kukhala koyambirira koyambirira.

Ku Volgograd

Kwa dera lino mu State Register pali mitundu iwiri yokha yamatcheri okoma - Oyambirira pinki, yakucha kwapakatikati ndi Dyber wakuda, wakucha-wakuthengo. Koma alimi a Volgograd ndi madera samayang'ana mu State Record ndikukula bwino mwa mitundu yake ina:

  • Valeria;
  • Kwawo;
  • Kukongola kwa Donetsk;
  • Rossoshanskaya;
  • Yaroslavna ndi ena

Nthawi yodzala zipatso zamatcheri ku Volgograd ndi nthawi yamasika.

Kudera la Leningrad

Zogawidwa m'chigawochi, mitundu yayikulu ya Leningradskaya sinaphatikizidwepo mu State Register. Palibenso mitundu ina mwa iyo North-West. Wamaluwa a dera la Leningrad kuweruza ndi ndemanga amakula mitundu iyi:

  • Fatezh;
  • Chermashnaya;
  • Iput;
  • Wansanje.

Axamwali, thandizani ndi upangiri. Ndi mitundu yanji yamatcheri omwe adzabala ndi kubereka zipatso m'dera la Leningrad? Makonda osiyanasiyana a 2-3. Diso linagwera pamtunda wakuda wa Leningrad ndi pinki wa Bryansk.

Martini SPb, Kanyumba ku Apraksin, Leningrad Region

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Quote (Klimych) Leningrad wakuda chifukwa cha dzinali ayenera kukula bwino.

Klimych, Kanyumba ku Apraksin, Leningrad dera

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Klimich, ndife oyandikana! Ndipo mumamera chiyani pamitengo ndi zitsamba zonse? Mwina palibe mfundo ndi kuwononga mphamvu pa china chake?

Martini SPb, Kanyumba ku Apraksin, Leningrad Region

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Fatezh, Chermashnaya, Iput, Revna.

NadezhdaS, Kanyumba ku Flax. dera lakumwera

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Mu Ma Urals

Nyengo ya ku Urals imadziwika ndi kusakhazikika kwa nyengo komanso kutentha kwakanthawi. M'malo otere, kulima kwa chakumwera, ndichopanda chotsekemera, chomwe chili ndi chitumbuwa chodzaza, chimadzala ndi zovuta zambiri. Koma pali chochitika pakulima kwina bwino kwa mitundu ina ya Hardy-Hardy, yodziwika ku Central. Mitundu yomwe imalonjeza kwambiri inali Iput ndi kubera Kumpoto kwa Belarusian Institute of Zipatso Kukula. Mu 2012, katswiri wa zaulimi Vladimir Pitelin adalemba za kukolola kochulukirapo kwa mitundu Fatezh (kusankha kwa Institute of Kukula Zipatso ku Moscow) ndi 2-7-37 molingana ndi Southern Urals. Malinga ndi iye, kubzala yamatcheri ku Urals sikusiyana ndi kubzala mu kanjira apakati. Pankhaniyi, malamulo onse omwe ali pamwambapa amagwira ntchito. Zokhazo zomwe zimafunikira kuchitika mosamala kwambiri - nyengo ya Ural sichimakhululuka zolakwa. Ndipo adalimbikitsanso kugwiritsa ntchito mbande pa chitsa chaching'ono cha VSP-2 kuti alimire ma cherries m'njira zonse zofanana ndi za shale.

Kanema: Amatcheri m'minda ya South Urals

Ku Siberia

Ku Siberia, palinso okondwerera omwe akukumana ndi zamatcheri am'deralo. Monga lamulo, awa ndi mitundu yofanana ndi yomwe imamera ku Southern Urals. Imakhala ndi nthawi yozizira bwino m'malo ovundikira chipale chofewa ndipo imakunga mitengo yonse. Mapangidwe a shaft ku Siberia amagwiritsidwanso ntchito bwino. Malamulo ofikira ndiwokhazikika.

Mapangidwe a chitumbuwa cha Strawberry amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Urals ndi Siberia

Kuphatikizika kwamtengo wamasamba

Kuika zipatso zotsekemera ndi chinthu chosasangalatsa kwa iye. Komanso, mbewuzo zikamakula, zimakhala zowononga kwambiri zotsatirapo zake ndipo zimayambitsa vutoli. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chazovuta zomwe zimayambitsa mizu, komanso kutayika kwa zochulukira zake mukagulitsa mtengo wakale.

Kodi ndingasunthi pati kwamatcheri otentha mchaka kapena yophukira

Ambiri wamaluwa amalimbikitsa kuchita izi kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, makamaka m'malo okhala ndi nyengo yozizira. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndikuti, kufesedwa mu kugwa, mtengowo sudzakhala ndi nthawi yozika mizu ndipo udzachoka m'nyengo yozizira utafooka. M'malo okhala ndi nyengo yofatsa komanso nthawi yotentha, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizitha kuuluka m'dzinja, popeza mmera umakhala ndi mwayi wowuma nthawi yotentha kuposa kuzizira nyengo yozizira. Mulimonsemo, pokonzekera kumuyika, ndi bwino kudalira zomwe akatswiri odziwa bwino zam'deralo ndi akatswiri.

Momwe mungayikitsire yamatcheri achichepere, kuphatikiza wazaka zitatu

Kuika ma cherries ang'onoang'ono sikusiyana kwambiri ndi kubzala mmera. Kusiyana kwakukulu ndikuti kuti udzutse mtengo, mukufunabe kuukumba kuchokera pansi molondola.

Malangizo a pang'onopang'ono onunkhira zipatso zazing'ono

Mu malangizowa, tikufotokozera momwe ntchito yobzala kamtengo kasupe:

  1. Choyamba, muyenera kukumba kamtengo kuchokera pansi. Izi zimachitika mu nthawi yophukira, chifukwa nyengo ya masika silingalole kukumba mbewuyo isanayambike kuyamwa. Kuti muchite izi:
    1. Ngati dothi lili louma, ndiye kuti tsiku lisanayambe kukumba liyenera kuthiriridwa kuti lichepetse.
    2. Kuzungulira mtengo ndikuwonetsa mabwalo ozungulira ndi awiri ofanana ndi kukula kwa mizu. Mutha kuchita izi ndi twine womangidwa pachimtengo ndi ndodo ina.
    3. Ndi fosholo, kukumba poyambira mozungulira mbewuyo, ndikuyang'ana mozungulira.

      Pothira, ikani poyambira pozungulira mbewuyo, ndikuyang'ana mozungulira

    4. Chotsani mbewuyo m'dzenje, kuti musawononge dothi pamizu.
    5. Amakumba m'mundamo kuti chisungidwe nthawi yachisanu.
  2. Gawo lachiwiri - kukonzekera dzenje lakufikira - limachitidwanso mu kugwa molingana ndi algorithm yomwe idafotokozedwa kale.
  3. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, amatenga mmera kuchokera ku prikop ndikuwabzala mogwirizana ndi malamulo omwe aperekedwa pamwambapa.
  4. Dulani chisoti chachifumu, osasiya nthambi zisanu za mafupa, zomwe zimafupikitsidwa ndi 30%. Izi zimachitika kuti chomeracho sichitha mphamvu pakukula kwa mphukira, koma choyamba chiziwatsogolera pakupanga mizu. Pa cholinga chomwecho, maluwa onse amachotsedwa, osalola kuti zipatso zitheke mchaka choyamba pambuyo paziwitsidwa.

Momwe mungasulire mtengo wachikulire wa chitumbuwa

Ngati ndi kotheka, mtengo wachikale ungathe kuulika, ngakhale akatswiri akukhulupirira kuti ma cherries azaka zopitilira zisanu ndi ziwiri sangalekerere izi. Pankhaniyi, mutha kuyesa njira yosangalatsa, ili motere:

  1. Pamapeto pa Seputembala, mozungulira mumakhala chozungulira ngati mtengo. Dongosolo lake liyenera kukhala logwira mizu yambiri momwe zingathere, koma nthawi yomweyo, kulemera kwa gawo lomwe linali lotulutsidwalo kunali kopanda malire.
  2. Fosholo yakuthwa ndi tsamba lathyathyathya imadula mizu theka la bwalo lozungulira.
  3. Amakumba ngalande mbali ina ya malo ozungulira ndi kuya kwa bayonet ya fosholo.
  4. M'munsi mwa ngalande, mizu imadulidwa kwambiri, ndikuyika bayonet ya fosholo.
  5. Amagona mumtsinje ndikuthilira ndi madzi.
  6. Mtengowo ukupitilirabe kudya chifukwa theka lachiwiri la mizu yomwe idasiyidwe. Mu theka loyambirira panthawiyi, mizu yatsopano imayamba kupanga, yomwe idzaze malo amkati mwa mizu.
  7. Pambuyo pa masabata 3-4, njira yomweyo imachitika ndi theka lachiwiri la mizu. Amadulidwa, kukumbidwa, kudulidwanso, kukaikidwa m'manda. Madzi okwanira kwa milungu ina iwiri ndikusiya mtengowo mpaka masika.
  8. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunika kusamalira dzenje lotungira chomera chodulidwa.
  9. Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yotentha, nyengo ikangolowa, chomera chimakumbidwa pansi ndikuyala ndi mizu yaying'ono ndikuziika kumalo atsopano.

Tsoka ilo, palibe zithunzi za njirayi, koma pali kanema wamkulu woyenera kuwonera.

Kanema: njira yatsopano yonyamula mitengo ya anthu akuluakulu

Kuyika kwanyengo yamatcheri, kuphatikiza momwe mungatulutsire mtengo wakale

Kuyika chitumbuwa chotsatira kungakhale kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Sichokayikitsa kuti mtengowo usinthanso njirayi. Chifukwa chake, kusankha malo okufikira kuyenera kufikiridwa moyenera kuti pasakhale mavuto mtsogolo. Mwachidziwitso, kuthekera kwa kusintha kumakhalabe. Koma muyenera kuchita izi ndi dothi lalikulu, ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera izi - chokumba, chingwe, galimoto yonyamula. Ndipo ngakhale mutakhala kuti mulibe chidwi ndi ndalama zambiri, phindu la mwambowu silotsimikizidwa. Popeza njirayi singathe kuyendetsa kulikonse.

Sichokayikitsa kuti wolima dimba angagwiritse ntchito zida zapadera kupangira ma cherries akale

Sindinazike mizu pamtengo wamba. Katatu m'malo, ndendende, panthawi, m'malo atatuwo, mutangoyika masamba atatu. Ngakhale, mwina, inde, ndinapeza china chake.

mironenkovitalick

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Chitumbuwa chotsekemera chimakhala chodzaza ndi mawu posintha ukalamba (osati kungosintha). Mnzakeyo sanapulumuke pamtengowo.

Vladdi, Kiev

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Malamulo obzala, kuswana ndi kumuika ma cherries sikuti ndi ovuta kotero kuti wolima maluwa wamvuto samatha kuwamvetsa. Ndi khama komanso kukhalapo kwa malo abwino azikhalidwe, zotulukapo zaogwiridwira ntchito sizingakhumudwe.

Nkhani Yosangalatsa