Maluŵa amadziwika kwambiri ndi wamaluwa, pamodzi ndi maluwa. Maluwa amenewa amakula ndi anthu kuyambira kale. Pofuna kukula bwino chomera, nkofunika kudziwa momwe chimakhalira, chitukuko cha chitukuko ndi kukula, momwe kutsekemera kakombo kumachitika, pamene kuli bwino kulima maluwa awa.
Zofunikira
Lily wochulukitsa vegetatively ndi mbewu. Ngati chomeracho chikafalikira ndi mbewu, maluwa oyamba angapezeke kokha pa zaka zisanu kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi. Choncho, panyumba, duwa ili ndi mababu.
Posankha mababu amayenera kufufuza mosamala. Mababu ayenera bOsasunthika, opanda banga ndipo popanda kuwonongeka.. Zitsanzo zoonongeka ziyenera kuchotsedwa, chifukwa zingathe kupatsira mababu oyandikana nawo.
Kenaka muyenera kusankha malo abwino kwa maluwa. Maluwa amakonda kukula dzuwa, choncho malo pansi pa maluwa ayenera kukhala omasuka. Ngati chomeracho chibzalidwa mumthunzi, ndiye kuti sichidzaphuka.
Maluŵa amawoneka bwino kwambiri motsutsana ndi zomera zochepa: iberis, alissum, marigolds, garden carnation, geyhery. Pakati pa tchire la maluwa, mukhoza kulima asters, delphiniums, chamomile kapena gladioli.
Mukudziwa? Kawirikawiri kakombo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa perfumery. Kununkhira kwa duwa kudzakuthandizani kupeŵa kupanikizika.Kumalimbikitsa kwambiri kuti mupereke nthaka. Pa nthaka yabwino, duwa limapambana bwino ndi nyengo yosadziwika. Chomeracho sichingafesedwe pamtunda wolemera, chifukwa chinyezi chimatuluka mu nthaka, ndipo maluwa amamwalira.
Maluŵa - osatha maluwa. Pofuna kupewa mabedi ku makulidwe, ndibwino kuti muwabwezeretse zaka zitatu zilizonse: Panthawi imeneyi amakula bwino.
Pambuyo posankha malo ndi nthawi yobwera, pitirizani kuchita izi:
- Zimayambira pafupi ndi nthaka zimadulidwa.
- Babu amafukula mosamala, kuti asawononge mizu.
- Zonse zouma ndi zakufa ziyenera kuchotsedwa.
- Ngati babuwo sanagwidwe, ndiye kuti mumayenera kugawana ndi mpeni kuti mugawanike mu anyezi aang'ono.
- Muyenera kukumba mabowo a mabala a kakombo. Popeza kutalika kwa mizu, kuya kwa dzenje kukuwonjezeka ndi masentimita 10.
- Ikani mchenga mu dzenje. Ikani anyezi ndi mizu yothira mchenga.
- Amagona ndi nthaka ndi mulch (peat, utuchi).
Ndikofunikira! Musanabzala mababu muyenera kusunga kwa theka la ora mu njira yochepa kwambiri ya potaziyamu permanganate (potaziyamu permanganate) kapena karbofos.
Kukulitsa kakombo
Kuti ulimi ukhale wolimba umafunika kuika panthawi yake: alimi amalangiza kamodzi pazaka 3-4.
Zoona, mitundu ina imayikidwa kamodzi pa zaka khumi (mwachitsanzo, American hybrids ndi Martagon), pamene Asia ndi tubular hybrids akulimbikitsidwa kubzalidwa chaka chilichonse, chifukwa mababu awo amakula mofulumira kwambiri. Mafinya a Asia akhoza kukula bwino pamalo amodzi osapitirira zaka zingapo. Tsopano tiyeni tione ngati kuli bwino kubzala maluwa kumalo ena.
Maluwa ambiri amakonda penumbra, kotero amatha kubzalidwa pafupi ndi mkungudza, cypresses, thuja, ferns.
M'chaka
Samalani kuti mababuwo adzawongolera bwino ndikukhala oyenera kubzala. Izi ziyenera kukhala izi mu mwezi wa Oktoba kukumba maluwa anu, chifukwa panthawi ino iwo akusonkhanitsa zakudya zofunikira zowonjezera.
Muyenera kugwedeza pansi ndi mababu, kuwaika mu thumba la pulasitiki ndi mabowo, kusakaniza maluwa ndi chonyowa. Iwo akulimbikitsidwa kusungidwa pansi kapena firiji. Dziko lapansi likadzatha, muyenera kusakaniza mababu ndi mchenga ndi humus.
M'chilimwe
Mitundu ya maluwa maluwa. "Candidum" ili ndi zizindikiro zake zosiyana ndi mitundu ina, yomwe ndi - iyenera kuikidwa m'chilimwe. Mitunduyi imakhala ndi masamba apadera, chifukwa nthawi yopuma mu maluwa ndi July ndi August. Kwa nthawi yochepayi, muyenera kukhala ndi nthawi yosamba zomera.
Mu September, mdima woyera amayamba kupanga malo atsopano. Ndikofunika kubwezeretsa "Candida" kamodzi kokha kamodzi pa zaka zisanu - izi ndizomwe zimakhala zoyenera kwa mitundu iyi.
Tiyenera kuzindikiranso zida za ku Asia za mitundu iyi - tsiku lopiritsa iwo silimangokhala pa nthawi imodzi. Maluŵa a gulu la Asian hybrids akhoza kuikidwa ngakhale m'chilimwe panthawi ya maluwa.
Mukamakumba maluwa, chinthu chachikulu sikuti muwononge mizu, ndipo mutabzala, perekani mbewu. Kuti duwa likhale lolimba pamalo atsopano, ndi bwino kudula maluwa ndi masamba: chifukwa cha ichi, zomera zimakondwera ndi maluwa akuluakulu chaka chamawa.
M'dzinja
Popeza mababu amakhalabe kugwa, ndi nthawi ino ya chaka yomwe amafunika kubzala. Limbikitsani kuti mupange mu September, chifukwa mwezi umodzi maluwa adzatha. Mwezi umodzi ndi wokwanira kuti maluwa akhale ndi mphamvu m'nyengo yozizira.
Mbewu zam'mlengalenga ndi zowomba za maluwa zimakula kwa nthawi yaitali - chifukwa chake nthawi yaying'ono pakati pa maluwa awo ndi kuyamba kwa chisanu. Pamene kutentha kwa dothi kugwera ku madigiri a zero, mababu a maluwa amenewa akhoza kuumitsa, kukula kwa mizu kudzachedwa. Pa chifukwa chimenechi, ngati mukukhala pamalo ozizira, yesetsani kubzala mbewu kumapeto.
Ambiri amaluwa amadzimadzi amadzifunsa kuti abwezeretse maluwa atatha maluwa. M'malo otentha ndi nyengo yozizira, maluwa awa ayenera kuikidwa kumapeto kwa chilimwe - oyambirira autumn. Maluwa nthawi imeneyi imatha, ndipo mbali zina za zomera zomwe zimakhala pansi pansi zimagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zothandiza, panthawi imodzimodzi nambala ya mababu imakula kwambiri.
Chomeracho chikhoza kuikidwa pamapeto pa chaka, sichiyenera kuiwala za chitetezo cha maluwa m'nyengo yozizira. Ndipo amakhoza pachimake patapita nthawi. Maluwa awa amabereka osati kwa ana okha, komanso ndi zipatso ndi mamba. Cuttings mwangwiro mizu ndikukula bwino. Amaluwa amalimbikitsa kuthirira nthawi zonse ndikuwateteza ku namsongole.
Mu September ndi October, humus ndi zovuta mchere feteleza zimaphatikizidwira bwino nthaka anakumba kutsogolo. Kenaka, pangani zitsime zakuya ndikuyika mababu. Khosi la anyezi liyenera kukwera pamwamba pa nthaka.
Njira yobzala idzateteza ku zowola, zomwe zimawononga mbewu. Lembani pansi pa dzenje ndi dothi lowonjezera kapena njerwa yosweka kuchotsa madzi owonjezera.
Ngati simungathe kusankha nthawi yowonjezera maluwa masika kapena autumn, kapena ngati simungapange maluwa awa m'dzinja, musadandaule - ingowonjezetsani kasupe kumalo ena pamene dziko lili lotentha. Bwezerani maluwa okhawo omwe ali ndi masentimita 20 akuwombera.
Aftercare
Maluŵa ndi maluwa osalemekezeka. Pa maluwa, amafunika madzi okwanira. Ngati nyengo ili yotentha ndi yowuma, mulibe chinyezi chilichonse m'nthaka, ndiye zomera ziyenera kuthiriridwa mochuluka. Pambuyo pake, pamene chomeracho chatha, sichikhoza kuthiriridwa.
Mukudziwa? Ku Spain ndi Italy, kakombo woyera ndi maluwa a Namwali Wodala. Atsikana nthawi yoyamba amapita ku mgonero pamphepete mwa maluwa.
Chomera chikusowa kuwala, makamaka m'mawa. Maluwa ayenera kukhala padzuwa, ndipo mababuwo amadzazidwa ndi dzuwa. Izi zimachitika mothandizidwa ndi zomera zosadulidwa, zomwe zimabzalidwa pafupi ndi maluwa. Amaphimba pansi ndikuteteza chomera kuchoka, salola kuti mizu ya kakombo iume.
Ngati mukudula maluwa kuchokera ku chomera, ndi bwino kuchoka pa tsinde lalikulu. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale patsogolo. Komanso, tsinde liyenera kudulidwa mozungulira kuti madzi akhoze kukhetsa ndipo zomera sizowola. M'dzinja, zomera zimayambira zingadulidwe ndi kusiya 8-18 masentimita kuchokera pansi.
Mofanana ndi zomera zina, kakombo angakhudzidwe ndi matenda ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, makamaka beetle wofiira.
Pamaso pa nyengo yozizira, chomeracho chimakanizidwa ndi peat. Ndiponso, kuti mukhale nyengo yabwino yozizira muyenera kuphimba chomeracho. Oyenera kwa pogona - lapnik, utuchi, youma masamba, filimu. Musanayambe kubisala muyenera kuyang'ana kuti dothi lonse lauma. Mu kasupe, malo ogona amachotsedwa ngakhale mphukira zoyamba zisanatuluke. Pamene mukusamalira maluwa muyenera kukumbukira kuti mumve.
Ndikofunikira! Ndikoletsedwa kulima maluwa ndi organic feteleza! Manyowawa amathandizira kuoneka kwa matenda a fungal.
Zomera zimakonda kwambiri feteleza mchere. Ndi bwino kugula feteleza mu granules makamaka maluwa a bulbous. Maluwa amafunika kubzalidwa mutabzala kawiri pachaka - m'chaka ndi pakati pa autumn, mwamsanga pamene mphukira ikuchokera.
Kupewa matenda kumalimbikitsa kupopera mbewu katatu pa chaka ndi njira yothetsera Bordeaux kusakaniza 1%.
Ngati maluwawo ndi ofunika kwambiri, ndiye kuti masambawa ayenera kuchotsedweratu kuti mbewuyo ikhale yolimba komanso kuti idzaphulika mokwanira chaka chotsatira. Maluwa othamangitsidwa amatha kuchotsedwanso, chifukwa amaletsa kukula kwa zatsopano.
Phunzirani kuchokera m'nkhaniyi, pamene maluwa akugwiritsidwa ntchito, alimi odziwa maluwa akuyenera kukumbukira kuti ziphuphu zomwe zafesedwa masika zimapindula pang'ono ndi chitukuko cha mababu omwe anabzala m'dzinja. Izi zimachitika chifukwa amasungidwa nyengo yonse yozizira. Pa chifukwa ichi, musanadzale mababu, muyenera kuganizira mofatsa za nthawi yabwino kuti mubzalitse ndikuganizira mitundu yambiri ya maluwa anu.
