Radishi ndi kothandiza kasupe masamba. Ndizabwino kwa vitamini wobiriwira saladi, komanso ngati mbale yopita ku mbale yaikulu. Ndiponso, radishes akhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku okroshka - wokondedwa wa mamiliyoni ambiri.
Choncho momwe kukula chowala, yowutsa mudyo ndi chokoma radish? Kodi masamba awa amafunira pansi? Kodi nthaka yabwino ndi iti?
Ndipotu, ngati dothi silili loyenera, radish idzakula pang'onopang'ono, yowawa, kapena imapita kumsana. Lero tikambirana za kukonzekera kwa nthaka kwa radish.
Nchifukwa chiyani kuli kofunikira kusankha malo abwino a radishes?
Vuto komanso khalidwe la mtsogolo limadalira kusankha bwino. Mu nthaka yosasankhidwa, radishes akhoza kukula pang'ono, ovuta ndi owawa, kapena osakula konse.
Posankha nthaka ndi chiwembu, m'pofunika kulingalira zinthu zingapo:
- kukonzekera kufesa;
- chonde;
- chithunzi;
- zomwe zikhalidwe zinali zoyambirira.
Sikoyenera kudzala mbeu pansi, pomwe zomera zotchedwa cruciferous (kabichi, horseradish, cress) zidakula kale. Zomerazi zimakhala ndi mankhwala ofanana, zakhala zikugwiritsira ntchito zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira radish kuchokera m'nthaka. Pambuyo pa mbeu izi, mphutsi ndi mavairasi akhoza kukhala pansi zomwe zingathe kuwononga radishes. Komanso zamasamba zimakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo ndi matenda omwewo. Izi zikhoza kukhala zojambulajambula, powdery mildew, bacteriosis wamtundu, dzimbiri loyera ndi zina.
Thandizo! Ngakhale nthaka ikasankhidwa molondola, nkotheka kuti mbewu idzayamba kufa chifukwa cha nyengo. Musaiwale za zinthu zonse zofunika pakulima bwino radishes, kuphatikizapo kuthirira mobwerezabwereza komanso kutentha kwabwino.
Kodi ndi masamba ati omwe amakonda masamba ambiri?
Zamasamba zimakonda zofewa ndi zomasuka padziko lapansi. Zomera zimayambira potaziyamu wochulukirapo, choncho chofunikacho chiyenera kukhala m'nthaka (popanda kusowa radish ndi kakang'ono). Ngati dothi silinayambe bwino, chikhalidwe sichikula, chimapita kumsasa msanga.
Njira yabwino yofesa radish ndi loamy kapena nthaka yamchenga yopanda ndale. Ngati dothi likuwawa, liyenera kukhala laimu, mosiyana ndi radish idzapweteka. Ndi bwino kuchepetsa nthaka dongo ndi radish ndi mchenga (theka kapena 1 chidebe pa 1 sq. M).
Zizindikiro za nthaka yolima
Zokwanira za nthaka yokula radish kunyumba ndi m'munda ndi ofanana, popeza cholinga chachikulu ndicho kupeza zokolola zabwino za masamba. Koma nthawi zonse zimakhala zovuta, choncho nkofunika kuziganizira pamene mukufesa m'malo osiyanasiyana.
Nyumba
Kunyumba, choyamba muyenera kusamalira kumene kumera radishes. Mitengo yamatabwa (mabokosi) 50 ndi 50 cm kukula ndi osachepera 12 masentimita akuya bwino. Malo osungira munda sali woyenera kubzala mbande zapanyumba: zimalangizidwa kuti agulitse chomera chosakaniza. Njira ina ndiyo kukonzekera dothi nokha.
- Tengani nthaka yakuda ndi peat mofanana kwambiri.
- Kwa osakaniza kuwonjezera supuni ya supuni ya nitrophoska (yovuta mchere feteleza).
Kuti mupeze zokolola zochuluka, kubzala radishes kunyumba kumakhala bwino mu kasupe: mu April kapena mu May. Choyenera - kutha kwa April (pambuyo pa zaka 20).
Kumalo otseguka
Kwa oyambirira kubzala radish, bedi ndi bwino kukonzekera m'dzinja. Kenaka kumapeto kwa nyengo, nkutheka kuti mubzala mbeuyi chisanu chitasungunuka.
Kukonzekera kwa dziko kumapeto kwa nyengo kumakhala kosavuta kumasula ndi kuwonjezera humus, nthawizina phulusa. Pofuna kumasula nthaka mosalekeza, ikhoza kukhala ndi udzu kapena udzu. Dziko lapansi liyenera kukhala lotayirira ndi lopanda. Humus mu mndandandawo idzapangitsa chipatso kukhala chachikulu ndi yowutsa mudyo. Pofuna kuteteza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, dothi lingakhale ndi ufa ndi fumbi.
Mu wowonjezera kutentha
Kupambana kwa kulima radishes mu wowonjezera kutentha - kusankha bwino mbewu. Ngakhale dothi liri langwiro, mitundu yosafunika siidzakula pano, osati mitundu yonse ya radishes ndi yoyenera kutentha kutentha. Kwa wowonjezera kutentha, mungasankhe mitundu yosiyanasiyana Yowonjezera kutenthedwa, Kutentha, Kutentha, Kutentha ndi Koyamba kofiira.
Ndikofunika kuyamba kufesa radish pamene woyamba 3-5 masentimita dothi kukhala lofewa. Zofuna za nthaka ndizofunika:
- chisamaliro;
- kusokonezeka;
- chinyezi chokwanira;
- kusalowerera ndale.
Kodi mungapange bwanji malowa?
Imodzi mwa malamulo oyambirira ndi kukonzekera nthaka musanafese. Izi ziyenera kuchitika m'dzinja, ndiye kumapeto kwa nyengo zidzakhala zotheka kudya pa yowutsa mudzu mbewu.
- Manyowa ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ku nthaka kukumba. Izi zikhoza kukhala peat, manyowa omwe amavuta (masamba amakula kuchokera ku mwatsopano radish, koma osati zipatso) kapena kompositi ndi phulusa.
- Mukamakumba, muyenera kuyesa kuchotsa mizu ya namsongole. Dziko lapansi likhoza kujambulidwa ndi filimu kuti mukumapeto kwa nyengo iwombere mwamsanga.
- M'chaka, chisanu chimasungunuka, nthaka imayenera kukumbidwa kachiwiri kuti ikhale yofewa ndi yopuma.
- Kenaka, nthaka iyenera kulima, itayikidwa. Izi zidzalola kuti mizu ipume.
- Ndiye mukhoza kuyamba kufesa radish.
M'chaka, feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kunthaka pakudzala ndi nthawi ya kukula kwa mbeu. Lonjezerani molingana ndi dongosolo (anapereka chiwerengero cha mita imodzi lalikulu).
- Theka chidebe cha mchenga chosakanizidwa ndi humus.
- 1 tbsp. ammonium nitrate.
- 40 g wa superphosphate.
- 15-20 g wa potaziyamu chloride.
- Pofuna kuchepetsa kukula kwa acidity m'nthaka, mukhoza kupanga ufa wa dolomite (pafupifupi 0,5 malita pa 1 lalikulu mita).
Ndi kusowa kwa mankhwala, zimalimbikitsa kupereka manyowa (1-2 zidebe pa mita imodzi). Ndiye muyenera kukumba pansi.
Ngati dothi liri losabala ndipo likutha, mukhoza kuyesera kulimbikitsa ndi mankhwala osakanikirana a mankhwala.
- Kukhoza kotala kudzaza ndi madzi.
- Mitengo yosonkhanitsa mwatsopano imayenera kuthiridwa m'madzi (10 makilogalamu udzu pa 100 malita).
- Onjezerani 2 kg wa manyowa owuma owuma.
- Phimbani ndi mesh ndi kusakaniza tsiku ndi tsiku.
- Dikirani mpaka mapeto a fermentation (masabata 1-3).
- Zomera zimathiriridwa pamzu wa chotsitsacho, chocheperachepera ndi madzi mu chiwerengero cha 1: 1.
Kusankha nthaka yabwino ya radish ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri zokolola. Masamba amakonda nthaka yofewa, yosasunthika. Radishi imakula bwino nthaka ndi mkulu acidity. Kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni m'nthaka kudzachititsa kuti muzuke muzu. Kuonjezera zokolola za nthaka ndikofunika kuphika m'dzinja: pangani kudya, kukumba.
