Palibe nyengo ya kabichi ikhoza kuchitidwa popanda kabichi. Nyengo za chilimwe zimathamangira kudzala masambawa nthawi kuti adzipatse chakudya kuchokera kumayambiriro a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zosangalatsa ndi kusunga mochedwa hybrids m'nyengo yozizira.
Chotsatira, tidzakambirana za zokolola zoyambirira za munda wokondedwa wanu: kuchokera ku chisankho cha mbeu kuti mubzala.
Mudzadziŵa bwino kabichi ndi maina a "Kazachok" ndi "Etma", "Pandion" ndi "Champ", omwe amadziwika kuti "Pushma f1", "Legat f1", komanso mitundu yambiri yamayambiriro ya masamba.
Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani?
Oyambirira kabichi zosiyanasiyana amadziwika ndi oyambirira kufesa nthawi, zochepa zokolola, zing'onozing'ono cabbages sizinapangidwe kwa nthawi yaitali yosungirako. Malingana ndi nyengo yokula, mitundu igawidwa mu kuyamba kucha, pakatikati ndi kucha.
Ndikofunikira! Ndi m'chaka cha kabichi muli ndi vitamini C wambiri monga citrus. Pamwamba pa carotene ndi choline, zomwe zimateteza matenda a atherosclerosis, imalimbitsa mitsempha ya magazi.
Nthawi yosankha mbewu?
Musanagule mbewu, muyenera kudziwa chomwe tikufuna kupeza. Zotsatira za kubzala kabichi zimadalira zotsatira. Choyamba kabichi ndidakudya pomwepo, pakatikati pa nyengo ndi kumapeto kwa mitundu ya pickling ndi yosungirako nyengo yozizira.
Mukasankha nthawi yobzala mbewu, onetsetsani kuti mukuganiza za dera komanso nyengo. Anabzala mbande pamalo otseguka pa nthaka kutentha kwa +5.
Chigawo chapakati cha Russian Federation chimakula mbande kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa March, chigawo cha Volga kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa March mpaka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April. Zigawo za Ural ndi Siberia zimafesa kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa April mpaka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May.
Mitengo yakucha kucha ayenera kusankhidwa ndi iwo amene akufuna kudya zakudya zokoma ndi zathanzi kabichi m'chilimwe. Wake lotayirira, yowutsa mudyo ndi wachifundo mitu ya kabichi ndi zodabwitsa mu supu, saladi, stews ndi zina zambiri mbale.
Kufotokozera ndi makhalidwe
| Sakani | Tanthauzo | Zida | Nthawi yoti musankhe kukula |
| Pandion f1 | Ili ndilo dzina loyambirira losiyanasiyana la kabichi woyera. Kulemera kwa mutu sikuposa 1.5 makilogalamu. Anakhazikitsidwa ku Netherlands. | Zowonjezera kutentha zimakhala zofunikira kuti zikolole bwino. Kulimbana ndi kukomoka, motalikira pa mpesa. | Bzalani mkatikati mwa mwezi wa March, mutabzala mbande pansi kumapeto kwa April, yoyamba yokolola imakonzeka pakati pa mwezi wa June. Zomera za masiku 48-53. |
| Kevin f1 | Yoyamba wosakanizidwa ndi yoyera pozungulira ndi yosalala mitu ya cabbages. Zinapangidwa zosiyanasiyana ku Switzerland. | Kulimbana ndi mutu wotsitsimula ndi wopopera. Zosagwira ozizira Chinyezi chofunika komanso feteleza. | Mbewu imafesedwa kumapeto kwa March, patatha mwezi umodzi kuikidwa pansi. Zamasamba masiku 51-53. |
| Cyr f1 | Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kabichi woyera ndi zokolola zambiri komanso kukoma kwake. Ikani kulemera kwa 2 kg. Kupanga France. | Kulimbana ndi kutentha kwakukulu, chilala, matenda. Chikhalidwe chimasokonezeka. | Kufesa mbewu mu March. Chakumapeto kwa April, ndikuwombera pansi. Zamasamba - masiku 60. |
| Orakl f1 | Mitu yalemera kufika 1.5 makilogalamu. Anakhazikitsidwa ku France. | Analimbikitsa kulima pansi pa zofunda. | Mbewu zafesedwa kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April. Zamasamba masiku 60. |
| Akira f1 | Mutu wonyezimira ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono a mtundu wobiriwira. Amadziwika ndi kulekerera kwambiri kwa mwendo wakuda ndi kuvunda. Kupanga Japan. | Osakonzedwa kuti azidzala poyera pansi, makamaka chivundikiro cha filimu. | Bzalani mbewu pa February 15th. Kumayambiriro kwa April mu nthaka pansi pa filimuyi. Nthawi yakucha ndi masiku 48-52 pambuyo poika. Kumayambiriro kwa June, yoyamba yokolola ili okonzeka. |
| Kuphulika f1 | Masamba ndi obiriwira, oyera mkati mwa mutu. Kupanga Russia. | Salola kulemba penumbra. Mukapitirira kuphulika ndikutaya kukoma. | Kutha kumapeto kwa April, kulima mu wowonjezera kutentha kuyambira chiyambi cha March. Chokolola choyamba chikuchotsedwa kumapeto kwa June. |
| Pushma f1 | Mitu yambiri yobiriwira. Wolemba Holland. | Anabzala pansi pansi pogona. | Zamasamba masiku 50 kuchokera tsiku lodzala mbande. |
| Etma f1 (Etma f1) | Kumayambiriro kwambiri. Mtundu wobiriwira wa mutu wa kabichi ndi wachikasu mu gawo, kulemera kumakhala kuchokera ku 0.7 mpaka 1.5 makilogalamu. Kupanga Netherlands. | Zokolola zambiri mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena pansi pa chophimba. Mapesi akunja ndi amkati ndi ochepa. | Mawu oti kubzala mbande amayamba pakati pa mwezi wa March kapena kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April. Zamasamba masiku 45-50 kuchoka pansi |
| Magnus f1 | Mitu yolimba, yosalala, yobiriwira ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira. Kupanga Netherlands. | Kukula pansi pa malo osungirako mafilimu osakhalitsa. Kukaniza fusarium, mukhoza kukula mbewu ziwiri. | Zomera masiku 60 kuchokera tsiku lodzala mbande. |
| Lankhulani f1 | Oyambirira Oyambirira. Small, round, wobiriwira cabbages 0.8-1.2 makilogalamu. | Shuga amakhala ndi 5.5%, kukoma kokoma. Kulimbana ndi kudumpha. Matenda opatsirana. | Kufesa pa mbande kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April. Kufika pansi mu May. Masiku 60-80 kuchokera kumera mpaka kukolola. |
| Cossack f1 | Masamba ndi obiriwira omwe ali ndi bluish tinge. Pa chodulidwa choyera, ndi mthunzi wachikasu. Makapu otsika, kutalika kwa masentimita 15-17, 0,8-1.2 makilogalamu. | Kufooka kovuta kwa mitu kukangoyamba. Zingakulire m'madera onse a Russia. Kulimbana ndi mucous bacteriosis ndi wakuda mwendo, moyenera kugonjetsedwa ndi keel tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mtima bacteriosis. | Kufesa pa mbande kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March. Kufika pansi kumapeto kwa April pansi pogona. Kutulutsa masiku 45-55 kuchokera kumera kuti mukolole. |
| Lembani f1 | Mutu wa kabichi ndi wandiweyani, wochuluka, wokoma. | Mutu wapamwamba, choncho musasinthe masamba apansi. Osati mwachangu kunthaka. Matenda othamanga kwambiri. | Kufesa mu March. Kololani masiku makumi asanu kuchokera mukubzala mbande. |
| Mphindi f1 | Chozungulira chozungulira mutu ndi tsinde lalifupi, kulemera kwa makilogalamu 1-2. Holland Holland. | Mitu imapangidwa nthawi yaitali musanavute, simungakhoze kukolola mwamsanga, ngati pakufunika. | Kufesa pa mbande m'ma March, oyambirira April. Kufika pansi kuyambira pakati pa May. Pakapita masiku 55-58 mutabzala mbande zipse. |
Mayina Otchuka Kwambiri
Malamulo oyambirira a zokolola zabwino ndi kusankha mbewu zosiyanasiyana zofanana ndi:
- Ntchentche weniweni ya dera lanu. Izi zimadalira nthawi ya kucha chikhalidwe.
- Zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito zokolola. Kusungirako, kukonzekera m'nyengo yozizira kapena kumwa mwatsopano.
- Kuchuluka kwa zokolola.
Sichiyenera kusungidwa, amadya mwamsanga. Zokolola za oyambirira hybrids si mkulu. Mitundu yomwe yapeza kutchuka kwa wamaluwa ndiwo:
- June.
- Cossack f1.
- Idyani zakudya zoyambirira.
- Msika wa Copenhagen.
- Hekitala ya golidi.
Mmene mungamere nyemba zakuda?
Zogulitsa ndi zinthu zamtengo wapatali ku Moscow ndi St. Petersburg
Ku Moscow, mbewu ndi mbande zimagulidwa pa sitolo ya pa Intaneti ya Russian Sadi nursery. Zosiyanasiyana Zosiyanasiyana 6 zidutswa mu kaseti zimapatsa ruble 155. Kumalo otchedwa metro Vladykino, Maryina Roshcha mbande June, Start, Kazachok kwa ruble 20. kwa chidutswa. Mu Garden Garden Master Center mungathe kugula mbewu pa makombo 20. Pa thumba, mmera Mwamsanga ndi Wopsa mtima f1, Nakhalenok f1 40 ruble. kwa chidutswa.
Ku St. Petersburg mungathe kugula mbande mu OBI hypermarket makaseti okhala ndi 6 mbande 149. Chisankho chachikulu pa sitolo ya pa Intaneti My-shop.ru mbewu Kazachok f1 10 rub., Parel f1 38 rub., Rima f1 31 rub. Mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana mu Nyumba ya Mbewu pa Komendntsky Avenue, mu sitolo ya July, ku Kronstadt Street, ndi Garden Market pa Bukharestskaya Street.
Sungani bwino mbeu kuti mugwiritse ntchito m'masitolo, mwachitsanzo "Hoga.ru" yonse ya Russian-Russian. Kotero, mbewu za kabichi June zimadula ma ruble 10. kwa thumba. Mutha kudzitengera nokha, ku Moscow, mfundo zisanu, pali kubereka.
Ndi nthawi iti yabwino kubzala mbewu?
Pamene kuli kofunika kudzala chikhalidwe kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino ndi lolimba? Pafupifupi, mbeu ziyenera kubzalidwa pakati pa mwezi wa March. Mphukira yoyamba idzawonekera masiku khumi, patatha masiku 50-55 mbuto zingabzalidwe pansi. Pa nthawi yomweyo timaganizira nyengo.
Kusankha malo okula mbande
Timafesa mbewu mu thireyi, popeza kale tinayambitsa nthaka bwino. Kufikira kutuluka mphukira, sitimamwe madzi, iyi ndi njira yothetsera matenda a mliri wakuda. Pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mphukira timadutsa ndipo patatha masabata angapo timakhala miphika yambiri.
Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njira yabwino yosakaniza - mwamsanga mubzalani mbeu m'magawo osiyana.
Kukonzekera kwa dothi
Kumalo amodzi a nthaka yowonjezera ndi humus yikani phulusa pa mlingo wa supuni 10 pa 10 kg, kusakaniza. Phulusa imakhala ngati magwero a macronutrients ndi antiseptic, omwe amalepheretsa mapangidwe a miyendo yakuda.
Kufika mu nyumba ndi kutseguka pansi
The nyumba mbande mwakula pawindomakamaka kum'mwera chakumadzulo kapena kumwera cha kumwera. Mu March, m'pofunika kuwonjezera tsiku lowala mpaka maola 14, chifukwa chaichi nyali zozizira zamagetsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Chikhalidwe chofunika chidzatetezedwa ku kutentha kwambiri, kubwera kuchokera ku mabatire ndi kusuta mowa mu chipinda chotsitsimula chipinda. Mbewu zimere mkati mwa masiku awiri kutentha kwa +20.
Maiko omwe ali pawebusaitiyi pamene kutentha kwa mpweya kukuposa +17. Kuyamba kubzala pamalo otseguka nthaka kumapindula ndi zinthu zakuthupi: peat kapena humus. Simungakhoze kubzala kabichi kumalo komwe mbewu zopanda zomera zimakula. Malo abwino kwambiri omwe otsogolera anali nyemba, mbatata, nkhaka.
Bzalani mbewu mu May.
- Ndikofunika kupanga mabowo, ndikuyika phulusa pansi pa chilichonse.
- Kuwonjezera pa njira zingapo zochepetsera nthaka.
- Limbikirani mu chitsime cha mbeu zitatu (2 cm).
- Pambuyo kumera kwa mbande muzisiya kwambiri.
Sizigawo zonse zomwe zingathe kubzala mbeu yomweyo pa tsamba. Mwachitsanzo, m'madera a Central, North-Western, ndi bwino kusankha njira yobzala.
Mavuto otentha
Asanayambe mbande kutentha kumatengedwa kukhala + madigiri 202. Kenaka, mbande zimapweteka mpaka madigiri +8 usiku, masana mpaka +15. Njira imeneyi imalimbikitsa mbande, kuteteza kutambasula.
Kuthirira
Zimapangidwa ngati zofunika, makamaka m'mawa kapena madzulo. Musalole kuyanika ndi madzi. Madzi abwino kutentha kutentha kuchokera ku +18 mpaka +23.
Kupaka pamwamba
Mbande amadyetsedwa kawiri pa nthawi kulima.. Nthawi yoyamba mu siteji ya tsamba lachiwiri kapena lachitatu, kenako sabata. 20 magalamu a ammonium nitrate ndi superphosphate ndi osakaniza ndi magalamu 10 a potaziyamu koloridi ndipo amasungunuka mu 5 malita a madzi. Mukhoza kuwonjezera zinthu za gramu ya boric acid, sulfuric acid manganese ndi sulfuric acid mkuwa. Kufanana komweku kumadyetsedwa musanafike pansi.
Malangizo osamalira
Zowonjezera mbande pamatentha osacheperapo kuposa + madigiri 11 pa sabata pambuyo pake. Mphukira zambiri zidzalandira kuwala ndi poyamba kuti zikhale pansi pazizira zochepa, zowonjezera komanso zosapitirira. Pofuna kupewa zowola ndi blackleg akhoza kupatsidwa chithandizo ndi Trichodermine ndi rhizoplan.
Kutsegula ndi kukweza zinthu zofunika kwambiri ndikusamalira chikhalidwe. Kumasulidwa ayenera kukhala atatha kuthirira, osakhudza mizu. Koyamba khala spud kabichi milungu iwiri mutabwerera kumtunda.
Hilling imathandiza kulimbikitsa tsinde lochepa, loletsa kupotoza kwa tsinde, limalimbitsa mizu. Izi ndiziteteza kwambiri matenda a kabichi.
Kukolola
Mbewu za chimanga zimapangidwa miyezi 1-1,5 mutabzala mbande. Zimapsa nthawi yomweyo, choncho zimakolola nthawi zambiri, kudula ndi mpeni. Siyani phesi 2 cm.
Kabichi ndi masamba ofunikira kwambiri komanso othandiza pa tebulo lanu. Kuwona malamulo osavuta, mungathe kulima mbeu yanu ndi kusangalala ndi zakudya zosiyanasiyana za kabichi.
