Wamasamba aliyense yemwe amamera zipatso ndi mitengo ya zipatso amadziwa kuti sizovuta kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino la cherries pa chiwembu chanu. Pali mitundu yambiri yamatcheri okoma, koma onsewo ndi ovuta kudwala, komanso amawonongeka ndi tizirombo omwe ayenera kumenyedwa nthawi zonse.
Tizilombo tokoma timakhudza mtengo wonse: kuchokera ku mizu kupita ku chipatso. Kuperewera kwa munda chifukwa cha tizirombo, pafupipafupi, kufika 30%, komanso pamene tizilombo toyambitsa mbeu - 70%. Kulima ndi kukolola bwino sikutheka popanda kuteteza mitengo ku tizilombo towononga ndi zamoyo.
Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimayambira kuti tizirombo timayambitsa matenda komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ambiri - Izi ndizobzala zosayenera ndi chisamaliro, nyengo zosayenera, ndi kutenga kachilombo kochokera ku mitengo ya zipatso yoyandikana nayo.
Mitundu ya Cherry imathandizanso kuti mtengo ukhale wabwino. Mukamagula mbande, samverani mitundu yosagonjetsedwa ndi tizilombo tomwe timasinthidwa kuti mukhale ndi zikhalidwe zanu.
Mulimonsemo, zirizonse zomwe mumasankha, ndizofunikira kuti mudziwe bwinobwino tizirombo panthaŵi yake ndikudziŵa momwe zingakhalire bwino kusiyana ndi kuyang'anira yamatcheri kuti muwone bwino.
Hawthorn
Gulugufe woyera woyera ndi mitsempha yamdima pamapiko - haws, palokha sichivulaza munda. Komabe, gulu limodzi la agulugufe tingakhale ndi mazira okwana chikasu kapena ma lalanje, omwe patapita masabata angapo adzakhala mabozi ofiira kapena a bulauni.
Izi ndizirombo zazikulu za zipatso za zipatso za chitumbuwa, amadya masamba a chitumbuwa ndi mitengo ina ya zipatso, zitsamba. Pafupi ndi nyengo yozizira, mphutsi za hawthorn zimagwidwa mu makokoti ndipo zimakhalabe zowonongeka m'mamasamba.
Pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka kwa mbeu, yambani kupopera mbewu yamatcheri kuchokera ku tizirombo kumayambiriro kwa March - kumayambiriro kwa April. Pofuna kuwononga nkhuku zonse zomwe zimakhalapo, phulani mtengo ndi nthaka mozungulira yankho la urea. Mufunikira 700 g wa urea pa 10 malita a madzi.
Komanso, pofuna kuthana ndi hawthorn, nkofunika kusonkhanitsa zisa zake ndikugwiritsira ntchito titmouse m'minda, popeza ziweto zimadya mbozi.
Ndikofunikira! Chithandizo cha Urea chiyenera kuchitika nthawi yeniyeni: kutha kwa March - kuyamba kwa April. Simungathe kutero - mukhoza kutentha impso ndi mazira.
Cherry weevil
Chifukwa chofala cha imfa ya mtengo ndi chitumbuwa cha cherry pa chitumbuwa chokoma Amatchedwanso chitumbuwa chitoliro, omwe amadya masamba, masamba, masamba, ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito zipatso zoika mazira.
Kulimbana bwino ndi, muyenera kutsuka mitengo ikuluikulu ndi nthambi za makungwa akale kuyambira autumn, kuyeretsa ziwalo za mtengo ndi laimu, ndikuwotcha makungwa ndi masamba ogwa.
Malo enieni a nyengo yozizira ya tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zowonongeka, ndi nthaka yozama, yomwe imayenera kukumbidwa. Pa kutupa kwa masamba mu kasupe, zochuluka zazitsulo zingagwedezeke pa pepala lofalitsidwa pansi pa mtengo.
Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa zakhazikitsidwa bwino mankhwala "Karbofos", "Rovikurt", "Inta-Vir", mlingo wa mtengo wamkulu uli pafupi 3-4 malita.
Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, palinso mankhwala ambiri otchuka omwe amatha kulimbana ndi weevil, mwachitsanzo, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Tengani pafupifupi 200 maluwa, mudzaze ndi 15 malita a madzi ndipo mulole kuyima kwa tsiku. Kenaka kukanika ndi kuwonjezera pamenepo pafupifupi 60 g sopo.
Zlatoguzka
Zlatoguzka (silkworm ya golide, zolotuchka) - Gulugufe loyera lokhala ndi mimba ya golide. Tizilombo ta mitengo ya zipatso pa mbozi, imayambitsa masamba mpaka nthambi zowonekera.
Mbozi ya golidi ya golide idya masambawo kupita ku mitsempha ndi kuikangamira ku nthambi zomwe zimakhala ndi mapepala akuluakulu, kupanga chisa chimene amazitcha. Mphukira ikangoyamba kuphulika, mbozi imatuluka kuchokera ku zisa ndikudya masamba. Panthawiyi, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kuwononga masamba 25%.
Pali njira zamakono zowononga golidi ndi golidi ndi mankhwala. Choyamba zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa ndi kuwononga zisa zachangu ku mitengo. Kugwiritsa ntchito misampha yowala ndi misampha ya pheromone imathandizanso.
Zina mwa njira zamagetsi, zothandiza kwambiri ndizo kupopera mbewu pamaso pa maluwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda "Karbofos" (10%), "Benzophosphate" (10%) kapena "Antiline" (5 malita a madzi 25 g), Lepodotsid (20-30 g pa 5 malita a madzi). Asanayambe kuphukira, yamatcheri akhoza kupopedwa ndi Nitrafen ndi Olekupri.
Ndikofunikira! Kukhudza mbozi kungayambitse mmanja, khungu la khungu ndi kupsinjika. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mitengo, gwiritsani ntchito pruners ndi kuvala magolovesi.
Zima njenjete
Moths - banja la moths, mitundu yoposa 50 mitundu. Mwa izi, njenjete yozizira ndi yoopsa kwambiri kwa chitumbuwa chokoma.
Izi tizilombo timapangitsa mitengo kugwa, kumapeto kwa September - kumayambiriro kwa October. Amalimbitsa masamba ndi mabubu ndipo amaika mazira pamenepo, kenako masambawa amadya mbozi. Mbozi imadyetsa masamba, masamba aang'ono, maluwa.
Kulimbana ndi njenjete yamoto akusowa kugwa koyambirira Sungani nthaka pakati pa mizere ndikukumba pafupi ndi thumba, zomwe zimachepetsa chiwerengero cha ziphuphu. Amadzimadzi a 10% "Benzophosphate" (60 g pa 10 L madzi), 10% "Karbofos" (80-90 g pa 10 l madzi), 80% "Chlorophos" (20-30) g pa 10 malita a madzi).
Ndikofunika kupopera musanafike masamba. Mankhwala oterewa amathandizanso kwambiri - "Zolon", "Nexion".
Kulira kwa silkorm
Kulira kwa silkorm - Ndi njenjete, beige ndi mzere wakuda pamapiko apambali. Mbozi ya silkworm pafupifupi masentimita 6, imvi yakuda, yokutidwa ndi tsitsi lakuda, imawononga masamba a chitumbuwa ndi mitengo yambiri ya zipatso. Kutengeka mosavuta ndi mphepo.
Mafinya amapangidwa pa nthambi zochepa za mtengo monga mawonekedwe a mphete, mbozi yotchedwa hibernate. Musanayambe maluwa kuchokera mazira ndikudya masamba ang'onoang'ono ndi masamba. Zimayambitsa mavuto osakanizika kwa yamatcheri, chifukwa sichikhoza kuphuka ndi kubereka zipatso kwa nyengo zingapo mzere.
Kulimbana ndi silkworm Muyenera kuyesa mtengo nthawi zonse, ndipo ngati mutapeza dzira-atagona, muziwatsuka ndikuwotchera. Ndiponso kuchokera ku nthambi zomwe muyenera kuchotsa webusaiti yonse, yomwe ingakhalebe tizilombo. Izi ziyenera kuchitika mu nyengo yachisanu, ndiye mbozi sizidzatuluka mu chisa.
M'chaka, pamaso maluwa, sprayed ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga "Zolon", "Karbofos", "Metiation", "Metaphos", "Nexion", "Phosphamide", "Chlorophos", ndi zina zotero "Nitrafen" ndi "Oleco-spur" zidzakhala zoyenera pamaso pa mphukira.
Zipatso zamtundu
Brown kapena zipatso zofiira mite kuwononga mitengo ya mitengo yonse ya zipatso, kuyamwa kutaya kuchokera masamba ndi masamba. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pa tizirombo ndi nthambi.
Mphutsi imapezeka kuchokera ku mazira m'nyengo ya masika, imayambitsa masamba a mitengo, kenako imadyetsa masamba kuchokera ku masamba. Masamba oonongeka amakhala amdima oyera, asiye kukula ndikukula. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, nthambi zimasiya kukula, zimapereka zocheperapo, ndipo chisanu chothamangira mtengo chimachepa.
Njira zovuta: mu kugwa kapena kasupe, pamaso pa Mphukira yopuma, zomera zimachiritsidwa ndi 1-1.5% yankho la mankhwala DNOC (dinosal). Pambuyo maluwa, maluwa asanakhale maluwa, pambuyo pake, komanso m'nyengo ya chilimwe, mitengo imayambitsidwa ndi Metaphos (0.3%) kapena Phosphamide (0.2%) emulsion.
Mungapeze kachilomboka
Mulowetse tizilombo tomwe timayambira kumapeto kwa kasupe. Akazi amaika mazira pansi, pafupi ndi mizu ya chitumbuwa. Mazira amasanduka mphutsi zomwe zimakhala m'nthaka pafupifupi zaka 3-4, nthawi yonseyi kudyetsa mizu ya mtengo.
Pali njira zambiri zothana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, makina opangira makina. Njira yabwino kwambiri komanso yothandiza kwambiri ndi malo oyendetsa nthaka.
Mphutsi sizimalola kuti azitrogeni, choncho chomera choyera chimabzalidwa kuti chizilamulire pafupi ndi yamatcheri. Mabakiteriya pamtengowu umakhala nayitrogeni kuchokera mumlengalenga ndikuupereka ku mizu ya zomera zoyandikana nawo.
Mankhwala - Kupopera mankhwala ndi mankhwala "Aktophyt", "Bowerin", "Fitoverm".
N'zotheka kuchepetsa kuvulaza kwa mphutsi za May Beetle pogwiritsa ntchito anyezi decoction kuthirira nthaka pafupi ndi mtengo wa chitumbuwa. Gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu mwa madzi omwe mukufunikira kutenga gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a peel anyezi ndi kulimbikitsa masiku asanu ndi awiri. Zotsatira zake ziyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi 1: 1 ndi kuthira madzi pansi pa mtengo madzulo.
Sawfly yamtengo wapatali
Munthu wamkulu wa blackfly wakuda wakuda wakuda, mapiko akuonekera, kutalika kwa thupi 4-6 mm. Kuwononga chitumbuwa, lokoma chitumbuwa, maula ndi zipatso zina. Mbozi yake imadya masamba ku mitsempha. M'dzinja kukumba kwa nthaka ya pafupi-thunthu mabwalo, mphutsi za mphutsi zomwe zadutsa kwa wintering zinawonongedwa pang'ono.
Kutuluka kwa mphutsi kumachitika mutatha kukolola, ndiye mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito kupopera mbewu 10% Karbofos (75 g), 25% Rovikurt (10 g), Chlorophos (15-20 g pa 10 malita a madzi). Mutatha kukolola, mukhoza kupopera broths wa insecticidal zomera - chamomile, henbane wakuda.
Cherry akuwombera njenjete
Chipata choopsa kwambiri cha chitumbuwa chokoma ndi chitumbuwa cha chitumbuwa. Ndi tizilombo tawny omwe ali ndi mawanga oyera ndi gulu lakuda. Nkhumba zimadya masamba ndi maluwa, kenako zimawononga masamba ang'onoang'ono. Pambuyo pa tizirombozi pa mphukira timakhalabe ziphuphu, ngati zidutswa za ubweya, ndi mawanga wakuda - chimbudzi.
Monga chotsutsana ndi chitumbuwa cha chitumbuwa pakati pa June, nkofunikira kukumba pafupi-thunthu mabwalo ndikuchita kupopera mbewu 10% Karbofos (75 g) ndi 10% Trichlormetaphos-3 (50-100 g pa 10 malita a madzi). Amagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yopuma kapena mphukira. Kukonzekera "Kuthamanga" (pakatikati pa kasupe), "Kinmiks" (pambuyo pa maluwa), piritsi limodzi pa chidebe cha madzi.
Njira ina - kutsanulira madzi otentha pa makapu awiri a phulusa mu mtsuko wa lita zitatu ndikuumiriza tsiku. Onjezerani sopo. Thirani mu chidebe cha 10-lita, kusakaniza, kupanikizana ndi kuwonjezera 40 ml ya viniga wosasa. Kuthamanga msangamsanga.
Zipatso Moth
Agulugufe kakang'ono, mbozi zomwe zimawononga masamba, n'kusiya nthambi zokhazokha za mtengo. Asanayambe maluwa, mbozi ya chipatso cha njenjete imasamutsira pamwamba pa masamba ndikudyetsa panja, ndikuphimba malo odyera a intaneti kuti akakhale ndi kangaude. Nthawi zina tizilombo tingathe kuwononga pafupifupi masamba onse a mitengo.
Pambuyo pa maphunziro, agulugufe amapanga dzira-atagona pa makungwa a mtengo. Njira zowononga zipatso moths akukumba pafupi-tsinde mabwalo ndi moto opal masamba. Mankhwala - 10% Karbofos (75 g) ndi 10% Trichlormetaphos-3 (50-100 g pa 10 malita a madzi).
Mukudziwa? Mphuno ya chitumbuwa chotchedwa cherry, yomwe imapezeka mabulosi, sichiwopsa kwa anthu. Komanso, kupezeka kwa tizilombozi kumati mitengo ya chitumbuwa siipiritsidwa ndi tizilombo.
Cherry ntchentche
Mmodzi mwa tizirombo toopsa kwambiri wa yamatcheri ndi yamatcheri. Cherry imathamanga pa chitumbuwa chokoma chimapha zipatso zokwana 90%, ndipo pafupifupi 30% pa yamatcheri.
Mvula imatentha kwambiri pa nthaka mpaka 2 masentimita 5. Mu May, mutatha maluwa, ntchentche zazikulu zimabadwa, 6 mm kukula, zakuda ndi zofiirira pamapiko. Idyani tizilombo toyambitsa madzi zipatso zosapsa. Cherry ntchentche mazira anagona pafupi tsinde, kuwononga pakati ndi mochedwa mitundu.
Mitengo yoyambirira yakucha musanayambe ntchentche kuti asawonongeke. Kuchokera mazira mu chipatso chimapangitsa mphutsi yomwe imadyetsa zamkati. Zipatso zowonongeka zimadetsedwa, zowola, zosiyana ndi phesi ndi kugwa.
Kuchotsa chitumbuwa ntchentche, nkofunikira kuchita kwambiri kulima mu kugwa. Zofunikanso spray mitengo Patatha masabata awiri mutangoyamba kuchoka komanso patatha milungu iwiri mutapopera mankhwala.
Njira: 50% "Karbofos" (1-3 kg / ha), 20% "Metaphos" (1.5-3 kg / ha), 80% "Chlorophos" (1.6-4, 5 kg / ha), kukonzekera "Iskra", "Mphezi" kawiri pa nyengo. Nthawi yoyamba ndikumapeto kwa April, wachiwiri - masiku 18-20. Kenaka kamodzi pamlungu muyenera kupopera nthaka kuzungulira mtengo ndi kukonzekera komweku.
Cherry Aphid
Cherry Aphid (Black Aphid) - tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a cherries okoma mu gawo la Mphukira. Mayi wofiirira 2-2.5 mm kutalika amaika mazira pamunsi pa impso, kenako mphutsi zomwe zimadya masamba omwe amachoka. Pambuyo povulala, masamba amasiya kukula, kupiringa, kukuda ndi youma.
Pakakhala maluwa ambiri, kubala kwa afidi kumakhala kofiira, chifukwa kumapitako ku zipatso ndi mapesi ndipo kumawaipitsa ndi mankhwala osakaniza ndi zikopa zamapiko.
Pali malangizo ambiri okhudza momwe mungagwirire ndi nsabwe za m'masamba zakuda pa yamatcheri okoma. Njira zamagetsi Ndichotsani malo okhala ndi chitumbuwa cha aphid - zamasamba ndi mphukira.
Pamene kubereka misala n'kofunika kumayambiriro kwa masika, pamaso pa ma impso, ku kupopera mbewu mankhwala "Aktelik", "Inta-vir", "Commander", "Fitoverm".
Pali komanso maphikidwe odziwika otchukazomwe zatsimikizira kuti ziwathandiza: yankho lochokera ku sopo la banja (theka la chidutswa cha sopo kwa malita 10 a madzi); yankho lina ndilo tsatirani yankho la phulusa kwa masiku atatu (0,5 makilogalamu a phulusa pa 5 malita a madzi). Njirayi sidzithandiza kuthetsa nsabwe za m'masamba zakuda, koma zimathandizanso kuti azidyetsa.
Ndikofunikira! Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amtundu uliwonse, tsatirani ndondomeko za wopanga ndipo musapitirire mlingo!
Mbalame
Kutetezedwa kwa mbalame mu chitumbuwa ndi kofunikira kwambiri, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri iwo ndi othandizira m'munda, akudya tizirombo zambiri: mbozi, mbozi ndi mphutsi.
Mukudziwa? Anthu amatchula yamatcheri monga "mbalame yamatcheri" chifukwa mbalame zina zimakonda kuziwombera.
Pali njira zingapo zomwe zimatetezera mbewu kuchokera mpheta, nyamayi, thrushes ndi mazira omwe amawononga chitumbuwa chokoma, kukhwima zipatso ku fupa. Zoonadi, sitinena za njira zamagetsi, koma za mawotchi okha, monga odzola akupanga, mfuti za gasi, maukonde, zoopseza, ndi ena.
Akupanga Repeller - Chida chodula mtengo chomwe chimalipira ngati mukukula mitengo yambiri ya zipatso. Mtundu wa chipangizo ichi ndi pafupi mamita 90 lalikulu. m, pamene izo ziri zotetezeka kwathunthu kwa anthu.
Kupanga kuwala kowala kapena chizindikiro cha alamu kuti mbalame zimachoka pangozi, chipangizochi chimapereka chitetezo chodalirika cha mbewuyo ku tizirombo timeneti.
Ngati palibe mitengo yambiri pa chiwembu chanu, mungagwiritse ntchito mpweya wa gas. Ichi ndi thanki yodzaza ndi propane ndipo imatulutsa popanda kuthandizira anthu. Zimamveka phokoso la mfuti, mthunzi wotere ndi wokwanira 5000 shots.
Adakalipobe maukonde apadera a mbalameNg'oma yaing'ono yowedza iyenso iyeneranso. M'mayiko a ku Ulaya, mwachitsanzo, wamaluwa akudzipulumutsa okha ku mbalame - amangotaya makoka pamtengo. Komabe, njira iyi ndi yokhazikika kwa mitengo yochepa, yachinyamata.
Mungathenso kutchula njira zakale zakale, monga zowopsya ndi zinyama. Monga timsel, mungagwiritse ntchito zinthu zowala ndi zowala - Mvula yatsopano ya Chaka Chatsopano, CD zakale, cellophane, zojambulajambula.
Odziŵa bwino wamaluwa amalangizidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito zinthu zamabulu kuti izi, monga mbalame zilili mopanda mantha.
Palinso njira ngati lokoma cherry zipatso processing ndi otentha tsabola yankho. Muyenera kutenga nyemba za tsabola 10, zilowerereni masiku atatu mu madzi akuluakulu ndi kutsanulira pamwamba pa mtengo. Musanagwiritse ntchito, chipatso chomwe chimayambidwa ndi njirayi chiyenera kumangidwe bwino ndi madzi.
Kuteteza motsutsana ndi tizirombo
Monga mukudziwira, matenda aliwonse ndi ovuta kupewa kuposa kuchiza, kotero musaiwale za kupewa mitengo komanso kusunga agrotechnical njira zosamalira yamatcheri.
Choyamba Mu makonzedwe a mundawu, sankhani zizindikiro zosonyeza malo abwino. Izi ziyenera kukhala nthaka yokonzedweratu yokhala yabwino, m'malo osiyana ndi zomera zakutchire.
Pamene nthambi zowonongeka zimakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo, nthawi zonse tigwire masentimita 10-15 a malo abwino., pakhoza kukhala ndi mphutsi kapena spores.
Amafunika Gwiritsani ntchito nthawi ndi kusamba masamba, nthambi, mphukira ndi zipatso. Ndikofunika kutentha zonsezi kutali ndi malo osungira munda.
Pambuyo kukolola mu kugwa, masamba onse akugwa ayenera kukololedwa ndi kutenthedwa, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amadwala mazira a tizirombo. Kawiri pa chaka mu kasupe ndi autumn Muyenera kukumba nthaka kuzungulira mtengo ndikukonzanso kuyera kwa thunthu ndi nthambi zazikulu.
Ngakhale kuti ndi "chikondi" cha chitumbuwa chokoma, simuyenera kusiya lingaliro la kubzala mabulosi awa okoma pa chiwembu chanu. Kudziwa kuti mbalame ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timadya yamatcheri okoma, komanso timakhala ndi njira zosavuta kuti tigwirizane nazo, mudzatha kukula zochuluka kwa zaka zambiri.
