Kodi "America" ndi ubwino wanji? Inde, makamaka chifukwa chakuti iye - kishimishi. Ndipotu, ndani mwa ife sakonda mphesa popanda mbewu?
Ndipo ngati zimakhalanso zokoma, zonunkhira, komanso zimatuluka mofulumira kwambiri - zonse zimalankhula povomereza kuti chozizwitsa choterocho chiyenera kukhala chobzala pa chiwembu chanu.
Ndipo apa zikukhalanso momwe Black Emerald ndi yopanda phindu komanso yosatetezeka, ndizofunika bwanji.
Ndi mtundu wanji?
Black Emerald (aka Black Emerald Sidlis) - black keremly kishmish. Zokolola zingakhale zosangalatsa kumapeto kwa July.
Monga momwe zimakhalira mphesa zopanda mphesa, zomwe zimatchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kokoma ndi zovuta, zamadzimadzi zamkati. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu liqueurs ndi mchere. Chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kutumiza ndi kusunga.
Pakati pa a sultana amamvetsera ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zaka zana la Kishmishi, Attica ndi Black Finger.
Mphesa Black Emerald: zofotokozera zosiyanasiyana
Kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa tchire. Duwa limagwira ntchito zogonana. Gulu la kukula kwapakati (kulemera kwa 500-600 g), lalikulu kwambiri, liri ndi mawonekedwe a mbewa yowonongeka.
Zomwezo za mphesa zimakhala ndi Montepulciano, Ladanny komanso pokumbukira dokotala.
Mitengoyi ndi yaing'ono, yozungulira kapena yaying'ono, yolemera pafupifupi 5 g. Masambawa ndi yowutsa mudothi, wandiweyani, okoma, ndi kukoma kokometsa.
Nthawi zina mu majeremusi mbeu ya mabulosi imatha kuchitika. Khungu ndi lochepa thupi, lokhazikika kwambiri, likagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chakudya silimveka. Tsambali ndi lozungulira, lalikulu, lowala bwino, pakatikati. Mpesa wofiirira, wamphamvu, ndi maonekedwe ofiira.
Chithunzi
Zithunzi za mphesa Black Emerald:
Mbiri yobereka
Malo a Black Emerald ndi United States, California Agricultural Laboratory. Anagwidwa ndi kudutsa mitundu FRESNO A69-190 ndi FRESNO C84-116 ndi obzala mbewu David Ramming ndi Don Tarailo. Cholinga chawo chinali kukhazikitsidwa kwa mphepo yamkuntho komanso yopanda chisanu.
Ndipo ndithudi Emerald wakuda ndi mmodzi mwa anthu osasamala kwambiri Sidlis. Kuchokera ku United States ndinabwera ku Ukraine, kenako ndinafalikira kumadera akum'mwera kwa Soviet Union.
Poyamba kuchokera ku America ndizonso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Buffalo, zala zamphongo ndi Alpha.
Amamva bwino m'dera la Luhansk ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Black Sea. Madera ena akumpoto amawopa chifukwa cha thermophilic yawo.
Zizindikiro
Kusakaniza kwapakati pa matenda, pafupifupi chisanu kukana - osachepera - 22-23 digiri Celsius. Kusamalira - njira zamakono zaulimi.
Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kupewa kuwonjezera pazitsamba, mwinamwake zidzakhudza mwamsanga zokololazo, ngakhale mu nyengo yotsatira. Mphesa idzasungira shuga wosauka ndi zipatso zoipa.
Ntchito ya agrotechnical iyenera kuchitika pamene osachepera theka la maluwa onse ali pachimake; ngati muthamanga, mazira ochuluka amatha.
Mantha za kasupe chisanu. Zosakondeka ndi mvula yambiri - zipatsozo zimagwedezeka ndi kuponyedwa. Aphl kukana ndizochepa. Onetsani chidwi ndi Black Emerald ndi mavu.
Zowonongeka kuti ziwonongeke chifukwa cha chinyontho chochuluka ndi Ruta, Galahad ndi Ayut Pavlovsky.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Ndi mbalame ndi mavupulu, zonse zimakhala zosavuta - sizidzaloledwa kutchinga mitsempha ya zipatso zofunidwa, chifukwa mavu - izi ndi matumba apadera omwe mphesa zimadzaza.
Ovuta ndi mabakiteriya. "Chovala" chathu chimafunika chitetezo kwa iwo.
Mame, mildew ndi oidium ndi ena mwa adani oyipa kwambiri a mphesa. Kupopera mankhwala ndi Bordeaux kusakaniza kuli bwino kwa iwo; Kuporos, Karbofos, Ridomil, Ridomil Gold ndi oyenerera ku fungicides.
Phylloxera. Ngati "tiana" omwe sanagonjetse mosavuta mphesa za mphesa, amatha kunyalanyaza munda wonse wamphesa. Muthane naye iye ndi mpweya disulfide.
Ndipo osati pangТono kakang'ono - iwo sangathe kugwira ntchito pa tiziromboti. Inde, mankhwalawa ndi owopsa osati nsabwe za m'masamba okha, komanso mphesa zokha, koma apa ndizomwe zimakhala zochepa pamene zoipa ziwirizo zimasankha zochepa - ndibwino kupereka nsembe yamtundu umodzi kusiyana ndi mphesa zonse.
Komabe, agronomists amakhulupirira kuti mlingo wa carbon disulfide pa 80 cc pamtunda wa mita imodzi umapatsa chitsamba mwayi kuti apulumuke, ndipo amapha phylloxera.
Khansa ya bakiteriya. Kungodula zitsamba ndi matenda omwe amaletsa matendawa. Ulonda uliwonse kapena kukomoka kungakhale "maziko" a chotupacho.
Mpesa uliwonse ukhoza kuwonekera ku matenda wamba monga anthracnose, bacteriosis, rubella, ndi chlorosis. Ndikofunika kudziŵa bwino zizindikiro zawo, kuteteza maonekedwe ndi kufalikira.
Black emerald ndi miyala yabwino kwa iwo omwe amakonda kishmishi ndipo safuna kuyembekezera nthawi yaitali. Kale mu Julayi, mudzatha kusangalala ndi zipatso zabwino, koma pa chisamaliro, pamapeto pake sivuta kwambiri, ngakhale mkukula.
Posakhalitsa munda aliyense adzayenera kuthana ndi izi, kodi si bwino kuphunzira zophweka? Makamaka chifukwa choyenera.
Ngati mukufunafuna modzichepetsa, ndiye mverani Aleshenkin Dar, Muscat Delight ndi Giovanni.
