Mitengo yambiri ya Amaranth imadziwika ndi namsongole, ngakhale kuti maluwa amenewa amalimidwa komanso amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika.
Tiyeni tiwone chomwe chiri chofunikira pa chomera ichi ndi momwe tingamere amaranth pathupi lathu.
Amaranth: kufotokoza za mbewu
Mu mawonekedwe amaranth Ndi chomera chachikulu kwambiri chokhala ndi phesi lakuda, chomwe chimaphimbidwa ndi masamba ambiri ndipo chikuvekedwa ndi paniculate molondola inflorescence (mu mitundu ina ya amaranth, inflorescence ikhoza kugwada).
Kutalika kwapakati ndi 120 cm, ngakhale kuti mitundu yokongoletsera imakhala yosavuta kutambasula mpaka mamita kutalika. Zimayambira zingakhale zosiyana mu nthambi, ndipo masamba angaperekedwe mu mawonekedwe ozungulira, mawonekedwe a diamondi kapena opangidwe.
Pamene amaranth inayambika ku mayiko a ku Ulaya, idagwiritsidwa ntchito monga chakudya cha nyama ndi maluwa okongoletsera, okondweretsa maluwa osiyanasiyana:
- golide
- chofiira;
- chofiira;
- chobiriwira;
- chofiira;
- chisakanizo cha mithunzi yonse pamwambapa.
Pambuyo maluwa pa amaranth, zipatso zimapangidwa zomwe zili ndi mabokosi, okhala ndi mbewu. Mukamaliza kucha, mbewu zimasonkhanitsidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pofesa chaka chamawa kapena chakudya. M'nyengo yotentha, kudzikonda kwa amaranth ndiko kotheka.
Mukudziwa? Amaranth ndibwino kwambiri pa teas ndi saladi, koma zomera zazikulu pamabedi sizikhala zoyenera pazinthu izi. Pofuna kudya, m'pofunika kupanga mbewu zosiyana, zomwe zimakhala zitatalika masentimita makumi asanu ndi awiri (20 cm) ndipo zimatumizidwa kuti ziwume kapena kuphika.
Mkhalidwe wa chikhalidwe cha kukula kwa amaranth bwino
Amaranth ndi chomera chosabzalidwa pakubzala, koma si nyengo yonse yomwe ili yoyenera kulima. Makamaka, mitundu yambiri m'mayiko otentha ku Asia pa mlingo wa equator ukhoza kukula monga chomera chosatha, chimene sichitenga kubzala pachaka.
Koma mu nyengo ya dera lathu, chomerachi chikukula kokha chaka ndi chaka, chifukwa si chomwecho kapena mbewu zake zomwe zimatha kupirira nyengo yozizira. Komabe, kale masika kumadera akummwera a dziko lathu, amaranth ndiloledwa kwathunthu kufesedwa ndi mbewu mwachindunji kutseguka pansi.
Teknolojia yamakono ya Amaranth
Amaranth ikhoza kukula ndi matekinoloje osiyanasiyana, kusankha kumene kumadalira nyengo. Ngati mumakhala kudera komwe kutentha kutuluka pakati pa masika, mukhoza kufesa mbewu za amaranth mozemba mu nthaka popanda mavuto.
Koma ngati kutentha kwa masiku ano kumangoyamba kukondweretsa kokha mwezi woyamba wa chilimwe - ndi bwino kubzala mbewu mabokosi kapena miphika ya peat ya mbande. Kwa kumpoto, timalimbikitsa kukula amaranth kudutsa mbande.
Kuberekera kwa amaranth mwa kumera kwachindunji
Kubzala mbewu za amaranth kumaphatikizapo kukonzekera koyamba nthaka. Choyamba, tiyenera kuyembekezera mapeto a mwezi wa April, pamene nthaka yosachepera 4-5 masentimita pakati pa tsiku idzatentha kufika 10 ° C ndi pamwambapa.
Komanso, nthaka iyenera kumera ku duwa mwamsanga inapita ku kukula. Kuti muchite izi, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mineral feteleza (mungasankhe zovuta), kuwonjezera 30 g ya mankhwala pa mita imodzi ya munda wa munda wamaluwa.
Ndikofunikira! Pamene feteleza nthaka yofesa mbewu za amaranth, sikofunika kuwonjezera nayitrogeni wambiri, chifukwa pakakula chomerachi chikhoza kusintha nayitrogeni kukhala nitrates kwa anthu. Pambuyo pa amaranth zimayambira mpaka masentimita 20 mu msinkhu, ayenera kudyetsedwa ndi nayitrogeni feteleza, koma pazifukwa izi ziri zoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito theka la mlingo womwe umasonyezedwa pa phukusi.
Pofesa amaranths, m'pofunika kupanga mizere mkatikati mwa masentimita 1.5 ndipo imodzi ndi imodzi kuika mbewu mmenemo. Nthaka pakufesa ayenera kukhala omasuka ndi hydrated. Ndi bwino ngati pali malo pakati pa masentimita 7 mpaka 10 pakati pa zomera mumzere umodzi (ngati mitundu ikuluikulu ndi yochuluka) ndi pafupifupi 45 masentimita mumzere umodzi.
Kuwombera kumawonekera pa tsiku la 7-10. Ngati ali obiriwira, mukhoza kutuluka mumsangamsanga ndipo nthawi yomweyo mutulutse nthaka kuti ikulimbikitseni kukula.
Chidziwikiritso cha amaranths ndi chakuti ngati afesedwa kumapeto kwa mwezi wa April ndikukula mofulumira, namsongole amataya mwayi wokhala "flowerbed" pamaluwawo. Koma ngati mutasintha nthawi, namsongole amatha kupita patsogolo ndipo bedi la maluwa liyenera kuchotsedwa nthawi zambiri. Pambuyo pa kufesa, mbeu yakubala imapezeka patatha miyezi 3.5.
Kufesa mbewu za mbande
Momwe mungamere amaranth ndi mbande? Pachifukwa ichi, nyembazo zimabzalidwa kumapeto kwa chigawo cha March, zomwe mabokosi apulasitiki amagwiritsidwa ntchito, miphika yamba yamaluwa kapena peat wapadera.
Pambuyo kufesa, miphika imayikidwa pazenera zowonjezera zokhala ndi kuunikira kwabwino. Ndikofunika kuti kutentha mu chipinda sichigwa pansi pa 22 ° C. Madzi ayenera kukhala kuchokera ku sprayer.
Pasanathe sabata, mphukira zoyamba zimaonekera, zomwe zimayenera kupatsidwa masiku 3-4 ndi kupukuta, kuchotsa mphukira zofooka. Pambuyo pa mapepala atatu pa mbande, imatha kuikidwa m'miphika. Ngati cholinga cha peat chigwiritsidwa ntchito (12 cm mwake), akhoza kukumbidwa pansi pamodzi ndi zomera.
Kodi mungamange bwanji amaranth?
Mu gawo lino, tidzakambirana makamaka za kubzala mbande, popeza mutabzala mbeu, amaranth akusamalira namsongole ndi madzi. Koma ndi mbande zili ndi nzeru zambiri.
Pamene chodzala amaranth
Kubzala kwa mbande ya amaranth kuyenera kuyambira pamene kuopsezedwa kwa chisanu cha masika kumadutsa ndipo kutentha kwa nthaka masana kudzakhala pansi pa 10 ° C ndi pamwambapa. Kawirikawiri, njirayi iyenera kukonzedwa pakatikati kapena kumapeto kwa May. 
Chomeracho chimabzalidwa mdziko lowala komanso lopatsa thanzi labwino kwambiri (ndibwino ngati likusakanizidwa ndi miyala yamchere). Mitsuko ikhoza kukonzedwa pansi pa nthaka.
Monga fetereza kwa mbande amaranth yogwiritsidwa ntchito nitroammofoska (zosaposa 20 g pa mita imodzi lalikulu). Pankhani yosankha malo pansi pa bedi lamaluwa la amaranth, liyenera kuunikiridwa bwino ndi dzuwa.
Ndikofunikira! Amaranth sitingatchedwe kuti ndi yopanda nzeru, koma ikhoza kuwonongedwa ndi kutsika kwapansi ndi kuwonongeka kwa nthaka - kuwonongeka kumawoneka pa mizu ndi mapesi omwe ayamba kuvunda.
Tekeni yamakono
Mbewu za Amaranth siziyenera kuphikidwa zikabzalidwa pansi. Mbewuyi imadulidwa m'mizera, yomwe imayenera kuchoka pamalo osachepera 45 masentimita, ndi mitundu yayitali yaitali - masentimita 70. Danga la masentimita 30 liyenera kukhala pakati pa zomera.
Zitsime zing'onozing'ono zimakonzedwa kuti zibzala, zomwe, zitatha kugwiritsa ntchito nitroammofoski, palibe feteleza. Mbande sizimafunika kugwetsedwa pansi mu dzenje kuti lisabvundike mtsogolo.
Ngakhale kuti sichikulirakulira, nthaka mu bedi la maluwa ayenera kuthiriridwa nthawi zonse. Ngati kuzizira mwadzidzidzi kumayamba, mukhoza kubisa bedi ndi amaranths ndi filimu usiku (koma m'mawa muyenera kuchotsa malo osungira kuti mbeu zisagwedezeke).
Malamulo osamalira zomera
Chithandizo chachikulu cha amaranth chimafunika kokha pokhapokha ndikuwombera mbande mutseguka. Amayenera kuthirira madzi nthawi zonse, kuthirira mozungulira namsongole. Koma mbande ikadakula, namsongole mu flowerbed ndi amaranths adzatha, chifukwa ndi zovuta kuti azigwirizana ndi maluwa aakulu, amphamvu.
Mukudziwa? Ndibwino kuti amaranth akule mofulumira kwambiri. Tsiku limodzi lotentha, pamene chomera chikuwoneka bwino ndi dzuwa, chimatha kutambasula mpaka masentimita 7.
Pa ulimi wothirira, iwo ndi ofunikira pokhapokha mwezi woyamba. M'tsogolo, mbande zimayenda bwino mpaka mita imodzi ndipo sangasowe kuthirira. Kupatulapo kungakhale nyengo yozizira popanda mvula.
Mu theka la mwezi wa September zipatso ndi mbewu zimayambira pa amaranth, ndipo pang'onopang'ono maluwawo amatha kukongola. Popeza m'matumbo athu amaranth sangathe kupulumuka m'nyengo yozizira, mutatha kusasitsa ndikofunikira kusonkhanitsa mbewu ndikuchotsa maluwa kuchokera ku bedi.
Zomera zathanzi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga kompositi kapena kupereka ziweto (nkhuku kapena nkhumba) monga chakudya, chifukwa zimakhudza ndi mapuloteni, carotene ndi vitamini C.
Kuyeretsa zamagazi
Panthawi ya zomera zowonongeka, m'pofunikira kusankha maluwa amphamvu kwambiri, omwe, pambuyo poumitsa masamba omwe ali pansi ndi kuwonekera pachimake pa tsinde, m'pofunika kusamala mosamala ma inflorescences. Kotero kuti zowuma bwino, ziyikeni mu chipinda chouma, mpweya wokwanira.
Mdziko lino, akhoza kukhala kwa miyezi yambiri, kenako phokoso limangoyenera kuponyedwa ndipo mbeu idzawaza kuchokera kwa iwo. Mbeu zowonongeka zingasungidwe mu matumba kapena mapepala. Iwo adzakhala oyenera kufesa kwa pafupi zaka zisanu.
Amaranths ndi maluwa wamtali okongola omwe amawoneka okongola mwa mitundu yonse yolima ndi kukondwera maluwa awo kwa nthawi yayitali. Popeza chisamaliro chawo ndi chochepa, tikukulangizani kuti muzisamalira zomera zonse kwa alimi onse.
