Mafunso okhudzana ndi zakudya: nthawi komanso momwe angadyetse mbande za phwetekere? Malamulo, tebulo ndi ndemanga

Cholinga chachikulu kwa wamaluwa ambiri omwe amamera tomato ndiko kukolola bwino.

Kuti mukwaniritse, mukuyenera kutsatira zinthu zambiri: chinyezi, ulimi wothirira, zolemba bwino za nthaka, komanso, feteleza. Za iye ndipo tidzakambirana m'nkhaniyi.

Chotsatira, tidzakuuzani nthawi yoti mudyetse zomera ndi mbande, ndikupatseni ndondomeko ya ntchito ya feteleza - ndondomeko ya pepala. Komanso mupatseni zothandizira kukula tomato.

Ndi liti komanso chakudya chotani?

Pamene mukukula tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha, zimakhala zosavuta kukwaniritsa zofunikira (kuti mumve zambiri pazovuta zodzikongoletsa popanga tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha, mungapeze apa). Ananena kuti kudyetsa sikofunikira ndipo kumangowonjezera mavuto osafunikira. Komabe, izi siziri choncho. Ngakhale ndi nthaka yachonde ndi kuthirira bwino, mukhoza kuwononga chipatso ngati mugwiritsa ntchito feteleza yolakwika.

Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwafupipafupi ndi mtundu wa fetereza kwa tomato kumadalira pa siteji ya chitukuko cha zomera (zambiri zokhudza mitundu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza, komanso phindu la fetereza zamchere zingapezeke mu nkhaniyi). Mwachitsanzo, mbande zimafunika kashiamu ndi superphosphate. Musanabzala, mbande imakula ndi yisiti, yomwe imalimbikitsa kukula kwa anyamata tomato bwino. Mutabzala, chimanga chophatikiza chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zomera zikhale zofanana ndi zomwe amafunikira (kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza kusankha feteleza kwa tomato, onani apa).

Pa nthawi yoyamba maluwa, tomato alibe phosphorous ndi calcium, choncho ndi iwo omwe muyenera kumvetsera pamene feteleza. Koma nayitrojeni m'nthawi ino sichifunikira konse. Pamene ovary wa chipatso ndi phulusa labwino, amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa fruiting, pamene akuwonjezera feteleza amchere okhala ndi ayodini, potaziyamu ndi zina zomwe zimawonekera. Ndikofunikira kulingalira mwatsatanetsatane malamulo omwe amadyetsa tomato pa gawo lililonse la kukula.

Nthawi yoyamba kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kwa phwetekere mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha?

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, mbande imabereka maola makumi asanu ndi awiri (48) mzere utatha masamba.:

1. Anagwiritsira ntchito 2 g ya nitrate ya calcium, kuchepetsedwa mu madzi okwanira 1 litre.
2. Patapita sabata, zomera zimadyetsedwa mphamvu, zimadzipukutidwa m'madzi (yankho liyenera kukhala losaoneka bwino, lachikasu pang'ono).
3. 4 Pamene masamba enieni amaonekera kale, nkofunika kuthirira mbande ndi njira ya superphosphate. Kupanga:
   • 10 g wa superphosphate;
   • 1 lita imodzi ya madzi ozizira.
4. Patatha masiku asanu ndi limodzi, zomera zimatengedwa ndi calcium nitrate (2 g pa madzi okwanira 1 litre).
5. Pamene mapeyala 8 a masamba enieni awoneka, zomera zazing'ono zimathiriridwa ndi superphosphate kachiwiri.

Musanabzala mbande m'nthaka, ndi bwino kudyetsa iwo ndi yisiti yowonjezera feteleza. Kwa izi:

1. yisiti (1 phukusi) imasakanizidwa ndi supuni ziwiri za shuga ndi madzi (galasi imodzi);
2. Zosakaniza zonse zimasakanizidwa ndipo zimasiyidwa kwa theka ndi theka, maora awiri;
3. Kusakaniza kumadzipukutira m'madzi (theka la lita imodzi ya osakaniza pa malita 10 a madzi) ndipo tomato aang'ono amakhala ndi umuna.

Mukhoza kuphunzira zambiri za feteleza mophweka komanso ogwira ntchito kwa tomato kuchokera ku yisiti pano, ndipo zambiri zokhudza maphikidwe a mbande feteleza mungazipeze m'nkhaniyi.

Ndikofunikira! Kwa tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha muyenera kukonzekera dothi pasanafike (kaya m'dzinja kapena kumapeto musanadzalemo).

Pofuna kuti nthaka ikhale yochuluka, chidebe cha nthaka ya sod ndi peat (pamtunda wa m2) imatsanuliridwa pamabedi. Manyowa wothira akuwonjezeredwa: theka la lita imodzi ya nkhuni phulusa losakaniza 10 malita a humus ndi supuni 1 ya urea.

Pofuna kupewa tizilombo, musanadzalemo, madzi ndi madzi ofooka a potassium permanganate: 1 g wa potaziyamu permanganate ndi 10 malita a madzi (madzi ayenera kuti ayambe kutentha madigiri 60).

Zambiri zokhudzana ndi chakudya choyamba ndi chotsatira cha mbatata chingapezekenso pano ponena za kugwiritsa ntchito phulusa popatsa phwetekere mbande pakhomo.

Titatha

Pakati pa masiku 3 mpaka 5 mutatha kubzala tchire chobiriwira (monga lamulo, awa ndiwo masiku oyambirira a June), amafunika kudyetsedwa ndi zovuta feteleza, zomwe ziri ndi:

• phosphorus;
• nitrogen;
• potaziyamu.

Pachifukwa ichi, chinthu chachikulu sikuti chikhale ndi nayitrojeni, chifukwa masamba amakula molimbika, ndipo mosiyana padzakhala zipatso zochepa.

Nthaŵi ya kutentha imakhala yowonjezera kwambiri kuposa kuthengo, kotero zomera zimatengera zakudya zam'thupi mwamsanga.

Pofuna kufotokoza zomwe zimachitika, ndibwino kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa feteleza.. Njira yabwino ndiyi: 3 tsp. Nitrofoski, hafu ya lita imodzi ya mullein diluted mu 9 malita a madzi, pazu wa chitsamba chilichonse kutsanulira 1 litre ya pamwamba kuvala.

Maluwa

Kudyetsa tomato wowonjezera pa nthawi ya maluwa kumatsimikizira kuti pali zipatso zabwino kwambiri, choncho ayenera kumvetsera. Potaziyamu ndi phosphorus ziyenera kupezeka mu feteleza; izi ndizo zomwe tomato sasowa panthawi yooneka, pamene nayitrojeni iyenera kuthetsedwa nthawi yonseyi (kuti mudziwe zambiri za mitundu ya feteleza phosphate, onani nkhaniyi).

Pamene masamba ayamba kuoneka, kuvala yisiti n'kofunikira kwa tomato. Chomera chomwecho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mbande musanadzalemo. Komanso, phulusa lina likhoza kuwonjezeredwa kunthaka.

Pakati pa maluwa, zimalimbikitsa kupanga mzu umodzi kudyetsa ndi foliar imodzi (Kuti mumve zambiri zokhudza njira zabwino za feteleza foliar zingapezeke pano). Kudyetsa mizu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito: potaziyamu sulphate (masupuni 3), theka la lita imodzi ya zitosi za mbalame. Zonsezi zimasungunuka mu 10 malita a madzi, kenako pamakhala lita imodzi ya lita imodzi yamadzi mullein. Tomato amamwetsedwa pa mlingo wa 1 l wa feteleza pa chitsamba chimodzi.

Pochita mapangidwe a mazira, phwetekere zimatulutsidwa ndi feteleza pa mkaka: madontho 15 a ayodini, 1 lita imodzi ya mkaka, kusungunuka mu 4 malita a madzi, masamba amachitidwa m'mawa ndi madzulo.

Zipatso Ovary

Mu nthawi ya zipatso ovary, phwetekere nsonga ndi sprayed ndi phulusa njira.. Yothetsera chophimba:

1. 2 makapu a phulusa amatsitsidwa mu 2 malita a madzi (makamaka otentha);
2. kulimbikitsa maola 48;
3. kukaniza kulowetsedwa kuti kuchotseratu kutsika, ndikuyambiranso m'madzi - kale kufika pa malita 10.

Zomera ndi zofunika kuzigwiritsira ntchito madzulo kapena mitambo, popanda dzuwa.

Chenjerani! Pa mankhwala a phulusa, masamba a phwetekere ayenera kukhala owuma.

Fruiting

Pali zambiri zopatsa feteleza zopatsa thanzi ndi zipatso zokoma. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti panthawi ya fruiting yokha mizu imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Nazi zina mwazomwe mungasankhe:

1. Fetereza ya Superphosphate. Ma supuni 6 a feteleza amathira 10 malita a madzi. Kwa yankho yikani supuni ya potaziyamu humate. Pansi pazu wa chitsamba chilichonse ayenera kutsanulira lita imodzi ya feteleza.
2. Mchere wamchere. Kusakaniza kumeneku kuli ndi ayodini, manganese, potaziyamu ndi boron, zofunika kuti apangidwe yowutsa mudyo ndi zipatso zokoma. 10 g ya boric acid imatheratu mu lita imodzi yamadzi otentha, kenako ayodini (10 ml) ndi lita imodzi ndi theka la phulusa amawonjezeredwa. Chosakanizacho chimasungunuka mumtsuko wa madzi (9-10 l) ndikutsanulira 1 l pa chitsamba. Phunzirani zambiri za momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito ayodini kudyetsa tomato mukhoza kupezeka pano.
3. Kusakaniza kwa organic ndi mineral feteleza. Mu chidebe cha madzi chinapangitsa lita imodzi ya manyowa, 3 tsp. mchere feteleza ndi 1 g ya manganese. Chitsamba chilichonse chili ndi hafu imodzi ya feteleza.

Chomwecho ndi dongosolo lonse la feteleza phwetekere m'moyo wonse wa chomera. Mwachidziŵikire, izo zimafotokozedwa mu tchati cha tomato feteleza, zoperekedwa pansipa.

Zindikirani: Pamutu wakuti "Kupanga" kamodzi kokha ka feteleza kamatchulidwa, kamene kamagwiritsidwa ntchito pa siteji imodzi kapena ina, koma ingasinthidwe ndi zina zosiyana, zomwe zatchulidwa m'nkhaniyo.

Ndondomeko ya fetereza mu tebulo: nthawi ndi kuchuluka

Malangizo othandizira

Pofuna kukolola zochuluka ndi kubzala zamasamba, kuthirira ndikofunikira monga kuvala pamwamba.. Pamene masamba a phwetekere akuwonekera, amafunika kuthirira kamodzi pamlungu, mpaka 5 malita a madzi pansi pa mizu ya chitsamba chilichonse. Pa nthawi yomweyo, m'pofunika kuyang'anira mkhalidwe wa dothi ndikupewa madzi. Pamene fruiting, kuchuluka kwa madzi kwa ulimi wothirira kumachepa (mpaka 3 malita), koma madzi kawirikawiri: kawiri pa sabata kale.

Ndikofunika kuyang'anitsitsa maonekedwe a chomera: muyenera kudyetsa tomato kuwonjezera apo, ngati pali zizindikiro zosonyeza kuti alibe zakudya. Pano pali milandu yofala kwambiri:

1. Phosphorus kusowa: phwetekere phesi imakhala wofiirira monga m'munsi pamwamba pa masamba. Ngati mudyetsa chitsamba ndi njira yowonongeka ya superphosphate, vuto lidzatha tsiku limodzi.
2. Kulephera kwa calcium: masamba a chomera ali opotoka mkati, zipatso zimavunda kuchokera pamwamba. Pankhaniyi, imateteza njira yothetsera calcium nitrate, yomwe imaphatikizidwa pa masamba.
3. Kutaya kwa nayitrogeni: phwetekere imachepetsa kukula kwake, mtundu wa nsonga umakhala wobiriwira kapena wobiriwira, ndipo zimayambira kwambiri. Kupopera mbewu ndi njira yofooka ya urea kungathandize.

Kukula tomato kungawoneke ngati kovuta, koma ngati pang'onopang'ono mukutsatira malangizowo omwe ali pamwamba pano ndikusamalira zomera bwino, yowutsa mudyo komanso zokoma zipatso.