Njira ziwiri za kukula tomato, komanso ndondomeko yobzala tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha

Nyamayi - imodzi mwa masamba otchuka kwambiri masiku ano. Poyamba, tomato okha omwe anali kukula kwambiri anali okula kwambiri.

Masiku ano, mitundu yochuluka kapena yosadziwika ikukula kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa. Tomato otere ndi aakulu kukula kwa zipatso, koma chisamaliro cha tchire ndichindunji.

Kodi ndi mitundu yanji ya mitundu yayitali yomwe iyenera kuganiziridwa pamene ikukula mu wowonjezera kutentha? Kodi kubzala masamba? Ponena za izi ndi zina zambiri mungaphunzire kuchokera ku nkhaniyi.

Kukula mithunzi

Mitundu yautali imasiyana ndi ena chifukwa ali ndi zokolola zabwino.. Pogwiritsa ntchito mosamala, tchire lamtunduwu umatha kufika mamita 6-7, ndipo zipatso zimatha kusonkhanitsidwa osati kuchokera ku tsinde lokha, komanso kuchokera kumbali zazing'ono.

Chinthu chachiwiri chofunika ndi kusintha kwa mpweya. Ndi bwino kwa tomato wamtali, chifukwa cha kukula ndi mawonekedwe a chitsamba. Kupititsa patsogolo mpweya wa tomato kumathandiza kupewa mapuloso, komanso kumapangitsa kuwonjezeka kwa zokolola.

Chinthu china chosiyana cha mitundu yayitali ndikuti amabala chipatso m'nyengo yachilimwe. Kusiya kochepa kumabereka chipatso chimodzimodzi.

Mitundu yambiri ndi mitundu

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kusankha kumadalira nyengo ya dera, dothi, kutalika kwa wowonjezera kutentha. Zotsatirazi zikufotokozedwa Mndandanda wa mitundu yobiriwira kwambiri ya pinki yokula mu wowonjezera kutentha:

• Griffin F1;
• Esmira F1;
• Fenda F1;
• Kasamori F1;
• Pinki Rose F1;
• Chozizwitsa cha Dziko Lapansi;
• Batyana;
• Mikado ndi pinki;
• Amateur pinki.

Mndandanda wa mitundu yambiri yofiira ya wowonjezera kutentha:

• De Barao;
• Makhitos;
• Krasnobay F1;
• Chithunzi;
• Amiro F1;
• Azarro F1;
• Purezidenti F1;
• Mfumukazi Margot F1 (chitumbuwa).

Otsitsa amabzala ndi azitali wamtundu - chikasu caramel, Ildi, chikasu zisa, tsabola chikasu. Zomwe zimakhala zosavuta zakuda - Prince wakuda, Black Pear, Black Moor.

Kenaka, tikukonzekera kuyang'ana kanema za tomato zobiriwira kwambiri za greenhouses:

Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji malo?

Kukonzekera kutentha kwa madzi ndi chimodzi mwa magawo ofunika kwambiri pakulima mitundu yayitali. Kukonzekera bwino kwa wowonjezera kutentha kumawonjezera mpata wokolola bwino.

1. Kulima tomato m'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kusamalira kuunikira kwina. Popanda izo, tomato sangathe ngakhale pachimake.
2. Kubzala kwa tomato kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May, pamene kuli kuzizira usiku. Pofuna kupewa kutentha kwa tchire usiku, tikulimbikitsidwa kutseka wowonjezera kutentha ndi filimu mu zigawo ziwiri. Pakati pa zigawozi zimayenera kuchoka mumlengalenga. Izi zimawonjezera kutentha mkati mwa wowonjezera kutentha.
3. Kuti mpweya wabwino ukhale wabwino kuchokera kumbali zonse za wowonjezera kutentha, mawindo aang'ono ayenera kupangidwa.
4. Pakati pa chiwonongeko cha wowonjezera kutentha mumayenera kuumitsa zingwe-fasteners. Kuwonjezera kumangiriza tchire.
5. Kuonjezera kulimbitsa ubwenzi ndi chikhazikitso chomwecho, monga tomato wamtali adzatsanuliridwa, katundu pa wowonjezera kutentha adzawonjezeka kwambiri.

Mbali yotsatira ndikukonzekera nthaka. Nthaka ya chaka chatha imachotsedwa ku kuya kwa masentimita 10-13. Ena onse amachizidwa ndi mkuwa sulphate pa mlingo wa 1 tbsp. 10 malita a madzi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Kuti tomato asapweteke, sikulimbikitsidwa kuti muwabzalamo wowonjezera kutentha kwa zaka zitatu mzere. Ndibwino kuti muzitsatira kayendedwe ka mbewu.

Pambuyo pa tomato, ndi bwino kudzala nyemba (nandolo, nyemba) - zidzalimbikitsa nthaka ndi nayitrogeni. Mukhozanso kubzala kabichi, nkhaka, zukini.

10-12 masiku asanadze kubzala phwetekere zakonzedwa. Zomwe zimachitika zimachitika m'magulu angapo:

• kumasula nthaka;
• kuchotsa udzu;
• kugwiritsa ntchito humus ndi feteleza.

Ngati dothi liri losauka, muyenera kudyetsa ndi chisakanizo cha humus ndi phulusa la nkhuni. Kuchuluka kwa feteleza kumawerengedwa pa 1 sq.m. ndipo ali wokonzeka pa mlingo wa 1 chikho cha phulusa pa 7 makilogalamu a humus.

Ngati dothi lili lolemera, ndiye kuti kuvala pamwamba kumapangidwa ndi feteleza imodzi, koma ndi humus. Pankhaniyi, humus sayenera kukhala oposa 3 makilogalamu.

Njira ndi ndondomeko zoperekera pansi

Pali njira ziwiri zobzala tomato wamtali. Mankhwalawa amasiyana chifukwa chofesa mbewu: mwina mwachindunji m'nthaka pamalo okhazikika kapena m'magawo osiyana siyana.

Zosamera

Mmene mungamere tomato wamtali motere:

1. Kwa malo obiriwira osungunuka, mbewu zimabzalidwa kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May, pamene dziko lili lotentha mokwanira. Mabedi ayenera kukhala okwera ndi ofunda, kutalika kwake kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita 80. Pansi pa mabedi ayenera kuthiridwa ndi udzu kapena kompositi, ndipo dothi la 20 cm liyenera kuthiridwa kuchokera mmwamba.

   Ndikofunikira. Mitundu yayitali yokha ya tomato imakula m'njira yopanda madzi.

2. Bzalani mbewu zofunikira mu mizere iwiri, yomwe ili patalika masentimita 50-60 kuchokera wina ndi mnzake. Muzitsulo zowonjezera, mabowo apangidwa, mtunda wa pakati pawo ndi pafupifupi masentimita 30. Musanafese mbewu za phwetekere, tikulimbikitsidwa kutsanulira dziko lapansi ndi madzi otentha kapena njira yofooka ya manganese kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
3. Mbewu imayikidwa muchitsime chirichonse mu kuchuluka kwa 1-2 zidutswa, phulusa ndi nthaka ndi kuthirira madzi otentha. Atatha tomato, kuwomba kumatheka malinga ndi nyengo.
4. Kuthirira tomato wamtali kumakhala kochuluka ndipo nthawi zambiri sikofunika, popeza sikunyozedwe ndi kuikidwa. Chomeracho chimachokera kunthaka, chifukwa cha mizu yake yamphamvu. Kuthirira kumafunika kokha pa masiku otentha ndi owuma. Maulendo omwe amalimbikitsidwa amakhala katatu pa sabata.

Rassadny

Njira yolima iyi imathandizira kuwonjezereka ndi kucha zipatso.

Kenaka, tikuwonetsa kanema pazomwe mukufuna kubzala ma tomato wamtali mu wowonjezera kutentha:

Kodi kusamalira phwetekere mbande?

Kusamalira tomato wamtali uli ndi zizindikiro zake. Mapangidwe abwino ndi a panthaŵi yake a chitsamba ndi imodzi mwa njira zofunika kwambiri.. Kuchotsa mwadzidzidzi masitepe a tomato wamtali kumakhudza zokolola za mbewu. Nthambi zam'mbuyo zimatenga chinyezi chochuluka, zomwe zimalepheretsa kukula kwachitsamba cha phwetekere. Chotsani masitepe akafika kutalika kwa 4-5 masentimita.

Ndi chiyani china chomwe chiyenera kuganiziridwa?

• Mu nyengo yotentha, tomato wamtali amakula mu 1-2 stem. Choyamba chimakhala pansi pa burashi yoyamba yamaluwa, yachiwiri pansi pa burashi yachiwiri ya maluwa. Mtengo wa mapangidwe opanga thunthu lachiwiri umakhala ndi udindo waukulu - muyenera kuchoka kwambiri.
• Mangani tomato nthawi zonse. Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti tchire musagwe ndipo musaswe pansi pa kulemera kwa chipatso.
• Patsiku lililonse masiku 14, tikuyenera kuchotsa masamba osakwanira kuti tipewe matenda a tizilombo.
• Kuthamanga kwa wowonjezera kutentha kumapangidwa tsiku ndi tsiku. Izi zimalepheretsa mapangidwe a imvi.
• Nthaŵi zonse manyowa nthaka pansi pa phwetekere mankhwala olemera mu nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu.
• Wamtambo wamtali amafuna kuikidwa osati mchere, koma komanso wapadera feteleza opangidwa ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu.
• Ndibwino kuti muwonjezere mulch ndi manyowa panthaka. Masamba a mulching amafunika kangapo panthawi yonseyi, ndipo kupopera ACC (otchedwa compost tea) akulimbikitsidwa mlungu uliwonse.

Choncho, pokonzekera bwino kutentha kwachitsamba chodzala, kuyang'ana teknoloji ya kubzala ndi kusamalira bwino tchire, mukhoza kukula tomato wathanzi, womwe udzakhale wokolola kwambiri.