Kukula mphesa mu wowonjezera kutentha: bwanji zipatso? Zovuta za kuthirira ndi kudyetsa zamakono

Kwa zaka zambiri mphesa zimakhalabe chizindikiro cha kubereka, gwero la mavitamini opindulitsa ndi zipangizo zabwino kwambiri zopangira vinyo.

Mwini munda wamphesa sadzakhalabe wotayika, makamaka ngati akusamalira bwino nthawi yamasika. M'dera lathu, mphesa mwakukula kukula monga wowonjezera kutentha chikhalidwe, chimene chimayambitsa kanthawi kochepa m'chilimwe, oyambirira kumayambiriro ozizira nyengo, kawirikawiri kasupe frosts.

Phindu lokula mu wowonjezera kutentha

Kukula mphesa mu wowonjezera kutentha kuli kofunikira kwambiri ku central zone of Russia ndi kumwera madera. Choyamba akhoza kukula mitunduamene alibe nthawi yokwanira kutsegula, ndipo kum'mwera mungapezeko zipatso zam'mbuyo kwambiri kuposa nthawi yomaliza. Kuwonjezera pa izi:

• Kukula mu nyengo yotentha kumakuthandizani kuteteza chomera ku zovuta zachilengedwe (mvula, mphepo, utsi, kusintha kwa kutentha);
• zosavuta kwambiri kusamalira, makamaka mu kasupe ndi yophukira;
• kununkhira Mtengo wa zipatso si woipa kwambiri Zomwe zimafesa zomera pamtunda;
• Zipatso sizingatheke, chifukwa zimatetezedwa ku mvula.
• malo ogona amakutetezani ku tizilombo ndi mbalame, komanso ku matenda ambiri ndi tizirombo. Chiwerengero cha mankhwala ochepetsa mankhwala a mildew, oidium amachepetsedwa;
• pafupi ndi mphesa Mukhoza kubzala mbewu zina pakati pa mizere: strawberries, radishes, turnips, masamba (parsley, anyezi, katsabola, basil);
• nthawi zina wamaluwa mu chipinda chimodzi wakula ma tulips ndi maluwa ena obiriwira kuti agulitse.

Kusankha mitundu

Mu nyengo yotentha, mukhoza kukula mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphesa. Chokumana nacho cha olima-vinyo chimasonyeza kuti opambana kwambiri pakati pawo ndi mitundu ya tebulo ndi nthawi yoyambirira kapena yakucha yakucha:

Bulgaria ikukhazikika (Mfumukazi ya Paris) - mphesa zachikasu za ku Bulgaria. Ndizovuta kwambiri ku matenda, sizikufuna mankhwala owonetsa mungu, imabereka zipatso bwino.

Nyimboyi (Chozizwitsa Choyera) - ali ndi nthawi yakucha yakucha. Zipatsozo ndi zazikulu, shuga, mtundu wobiriwira.

Laura - zimapereka mpata wokolola, zimasiyana m'magulu akuluakulu ndi zipatso zokoma. Ndibwino, masamba a magulu awiri akhoza kufika 2-2.4 makilogalamu.

Zosasintha - Gulu labwino la ntchito pa chakudya, kukonzekera mbale zakumwa ndi zakumwa. Zipatso zipse shuga ndi zonunkhira.

Kuwonjezera pa mitundu iyi, mungapereke chisankho: Arcadia, Kumayambiriro kwa Kumpoto, Korinka ya Russia, Moscow Okhazikika, Michurinsky ndi ena.

Alimi ena amapeza mbande zosiyana kukakamiza nthawizomwe zimakulolani kuti mukolole nyengo yonse yotentha kuchokera ku kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa autumn. Mukhoza kusonkhanitsa mitundu yoyambirira ndi mtsogolo.

Zowonjezera kutentha

Momwe mungamere mphesa mu wowonjezera kutentha? Musanayambe kubzala mipesa muyenera sankhani chipinda choyenera.

• Zomangamanga zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Izi nthawi zambiri zimasankhidwa kuti zikule maluwa;
• Kutalika kwa wowonjezera kutentha kumafunika kuchokera kuwiri ndi theka kufika mamita atatu. Malo onsewa amasankhidwa malingana ndi zolinga za kulima. Kudya zipatso ndi zokonzekera zokonza chipinda chaching'ono chidzachita, ndi kugulitsa malo ake akhoza kukhala oposa 20-30 mamita lalikulu.

Momwe mungamangire ndi kulimbikitsa wowonjezera kutentha kuchokera ku polycarbonate, momwe mungapangire arched, odalira (khoma), kuchokera mafelemu a mawindo kapena kusankha chokonzekera chokonzekera, komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito nyumbayi pamtengowu, mukhoza kufotokoza pa webusaiti yathu

Mitundu ya zomera za mphesa:

1. Mafilimu - oyenera monga malo okhala. Amakulolani kuti muteteze chomera kuchokera kumaliseche a chirengedwe, kuti muthandizire chitukuko ndi kukula, kuti mupeze mbewu yabwino.
2. Nyumba ya Polycarbonate - yoyenera pa nyengo-yochepa (chaka chonse) ntchito. Iwo amaikidwa pothandizira zomangamanga ndi mpweya wapadera wa mpweya wabwino.

Malo ogulitsa apadera amapereka zojambula zosiyanasiyana zomwe zingagulidwe pa tsamba. Kujambula kulikonse malemba omveka bwino a msonkhano ndi kugwiritsa ntchito. Makampani ena amaperekanso misonkhano pamsonkhanowo.

Izi zimapangitsa ndalama ndalama, koma zimachepetsa nthawi komanso nthawi. Amaluwa ambiri amakonda kupanga mapangidwe oterowo popanda njira zopindulitsa, chifukwa imasunga ndalama ndalama 4-5.

Ntchito yokonzekera

Samalirani ntchito yokonzekera kuti ziyenera kuchitidwa musanatuluke mbande:

1. Mpesa ukhoza kukhala mkati mkati ndi kunja. Pachifukwa ichi, tsinde lalikulu la chomera liyenera kulowetsa kumalo otsekedwa, choncho dzenje limapangidwa m'munsi mwa khoma.
2. Konzani dothi. Kukula chomera chokoma, chomasuka, nthaka yochepa yosakaniza, zomwe zingapangidwe kuchokera padziko lapansi, mchenga, loam, peat, wosweka choko (pamtingo wa magalamu 90 pa ndondomeko iliyonse ya masentimita khumi) ndi mineral feteleza.
   Kuti chomera chikhale ndi mizu yakuya bwino, ndikulimbikitsanso kutsanulira madzi osakaniza mu ngalande yakuya.
3. Chonde dziwani kuti kutentha kwa nthaka mu chipinda kumakhala kotentha kuposa kunja. Kutentha kwakukulu kungatheke kupyolera mu kutentha kokonza.
4. Kuteteza zomera kuti zisatenthe ndi dzuwa m'nyumba Kutsindika waya kuthandizira dongosolo (mu malo osasinthasintha) ndi mapakati a 20-30 masentimita. Pankhani iyi, waya wonyamulira amaikidwa 35-40 masentimita pansi pa mtunda ndi osachepera 35 masentimita kuchokera mu galasi.
5. Onetsetsani kusamalira madzi abwino. Ngati ayi, ikani mapaipi kuphatikizapo.

Zotsatira zofika

Njira yamakono yokhala mphesa mu wowonjezera kutentha, ikuphatikizapo malamulo angapo:

• Tchire tating'ono timayamba kubzala kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira;
• Chiwembu chodzala mphesa mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi chonchi: dzenje lakuya ndi lalikulu likufukula kubzala (osachepera 35-40 cm). Pansi pa fossa pakati mungathe kupanga kamtengo kakang'ono (monga ngati mutabzala mtengo wa apulo), pikani mmera mkatikati, yongolani mizu, yophimba ndi dothi, mopepuka ndi kutsanulira;
• Musanadzalemo, ndi zofunika kuti muyambe kufalitsa feteleza (manyowa, manyowa okhwima).
• Samalirani mtunda pakati pa mbande, zomwe ziyenera kukhala 50-65 masentimita mpesa udzapeza malo okwanira kuti pakhale chitukuko ndi mapangidwe a tsinde lalikulu.
• Musaiwale kuyang'ana maonekedwe a tchire ndi mizu asanadzalemo. Chomeracho chiyenera kukhala chamoyo ndi champhamvu.

Kukonza malamulo

Mutabzala mbande muyenera kuchita pasynkovanie. Dulani mphukira zofooka kuti zomera zisamawononge mphamvu zawo panthawi ya kukula, ndi kuwatumiza ku nthambi zabwino.

Inflorescences ndi maluwa osapsa ngati pakufunikira ayenera kuchotsedwanso. Kudulira zimbudzi zosabereka zomwe zimapangidwa kufika pamasamba asanu. Kwa mphukira yachiwiri - mpaka tsamba loyamba.

M'kupita kwa nthawi, m'pofunika kupangira masango. Mipeni yolimba imadula zipatso zamkati, komanso mitundu yambiri yaing'ono imachotsedwa pamipesa. Musaiwale kuti mwadala mungu wochokera mphesa.. Kuti muchite izi, mutsitsimutseni maluwawo pang'onopang'ono.

M'nyengo yophukira, nthambi zambiri zimadulidwa kufika pamtunda woyamba, ndipo zimayambira zimadulidwa ndi magawo awiri pa atatu a kutalika kwake konse.

Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa

Kusamba madzi:

1. Kuthirira koyamba kumachitika nthawi yomweyo mutabzala.
2. Kenaka, kuti pakhale chinyezi chabwino kwambiri cha dothi, tchire ting'onoting'ono timamwe madzi kamodzi pa masiku 6-7.
3. Pa nthawi ya maluwa, kuthirira kumayimitsidwa, monga nthawi ya mapangidwe. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumakhudza kwambiri mtundu wa mbewu.
4. Chonde dziwani kuti usiku wam'mphesa wamphesa samamwe madzi. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'mlengalenga kudzatsogolera ku zipatso zoperewera.

Feteleza:

• gwiritsani ntchito nitrogenous top dressings mosamala kwambiri;
• musanadzalemo ndi zofunika kupanga organic feteleza;
• Pa mphukira yopuma, ammonium nitrate ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kuti chitukuko chitukulire komanso mapangidwe a mphukira, ndi superphosphate musanayambe maluwa;
• Pakati pa kukula, pulojekiti zokha zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Superphosphate ndi phulusa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mapeto a maluwa.

Zima mphesa

Nyengo yoyamba yozizira isanayambe, zomera zimasowa zobisa pansi (cha m'ma pakati pa mwezi wa October).

Pochita izi, mipesa imayendetsedwa pansi, yokhala ndi nthambi yambiri ya spruce ndi denga lomwe linamveka.

Mungagwiritsenso ntchito ngati chophimba. mabulangete, sintepon, utuchi.

Ngati denga la wowonjezera kutentha lichotsedwe, zomera zimatha kuzizira panja pansi pa chisanu.

Mavuto a fruiting

Bwanji osabala zipatso mphesa mu wowonjezera kutentha?

• kusowa kwa zakudya (zinki, manganese, boron) - Yambani kudya bwino chomera;
• zovuta zitha kuchitikanso - feteleza wochuluka wa nayitrogeni.

  Pankhaniyi chomeracho chimapereka mphamvu zonse pa mapangidwe a zobiriwira, zipatso zoipa kapena osabweretsa zipatso konse;

• zimakhudza zokolola ndi teknoloji yodulira. Ndi mtola, osati zipatso zopatsa zipatso zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa mipesa. Ikutsatiranso Pangani kudulira kwa nyengo.

Kukula mphesa mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi ntchito yovuta yomwe imatenga nthawi yambiri ndi khama. Koma, zotsatira zake ndizofunikira. Kukonzekera bwino malo, kumamatira kubzala teknoloji ndi chisamaliro kudzakuthandizani kuti mupeze zokolola mwamsanga, zochuluka, zokoma!

Mavidiyo othandiza pa kukula kwa mphesa mu wowonjezera kutentha: