Zomwe zimayambitsa mawanga oyera pa mbande za biringanya: zomwe adawonekera kuchokera,, zomwe zingawathandize kuchotsa

Poyerekeza ndi nkhaka, tomato, tsabola kapena masamba ena, kukula kwa mbande ya biringanya ndi kovuta kwambiri.

Mbewu zazing'ono zimatha kufota, kutambasula, kuimitsa kukula kwake, koma vuto loopsya ndi lovuta kwambiri kuthetsa liri loyera pa mbande za biringanya.

Pali njira zingapo zowonjezereka kwa chizindikiro choterocho.

Zimayambitsa mawanga oyera pa masamba

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimakhudza maonekedwe oyera pa masamba a biringanya. Choyamba, pamene chizindikiro chimenecho chikuchitika, ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa mbande kuti athe kupezeka.

Pangani njirayi bwino ndi galasi lokulitsa. Ngati phunziro la masamba a tizilombo silinapezeke, yang'anani chifukwa cha mawanga oyera ayenera kukhala ndi zolakwitsa zomwe zimasamalira mbande.

Chifukwa chiyani mbande zoyera zimayambira mawanga oyera:

• kutentha kwa dzuwa (kutentha pa masamba kungayambidwe osati dzuwa kokha, komanso ndi nyali ya ultraviolet yomwe imayambitsa kutentha ndi kuwala);
• lakuthwa madontho otentha;
• kutentha komanso mpweya wamkuntho wapamwamba (zikhalidwezi ndizobwino kuti zichitike ndi matenda a fungal);
• kusowa kwa potaziyamu (mawanga oyera amaoneka pamasamba, akusandutsa malire a bulauni);
• feteleza mopitirira muyeso (njira iliyonse yothirira madzi iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito malinga ndi malangizo);
• hypothermia mizu imatentha kwambiri ndi madzi pamene imwanirira;
• powdery mildew (pakadali pano, mawanga oyera pa masamba amaoneka ngati pachimake, omwe amachepetsa ndi kufalikira pang'onopang'ono).
• fomoz (dzina lachiwiri ndi zovunda zowuma, mawanga amakhala ndi kuwala kowala ndi zing'onozing'ono zazing'ono);
• malo oyera (matenda opatsirana omwe amalekerera ndi nthaka, dzina lachiwiri ndi Septoria, mawanga oyera a matendawa ali ndi malire a mdima).

Kodi mungatani ngati mawanga oyera akuonekera pa mbande za biringanya?

Njira yochotsera biringanya kuchokera kumalo oyera kumadalira chifukwa cha maonekedwe awo. Pa zolakwika zinazake pali njira yapadera yolingira.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati dzuwa limakhala loipa, ndiye kuti mbande ziyenera kutetezedwa ku nyuzipepala, pepala kapena nsalu.

Pozindikiritsa tizirombo kapena matenda tiyenera kuyesetsa kwambiri kuti tipewe biringanya zazing'ono.

Njira zothetsera mawanga oyera pa eggplants, malingana ndi chifukwa chowoneka:

• pamene kulenga zinthu zolakwika kwa mbande n'kofunika mwamsanga Pangani malo abwino, kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza kulima mbewuyi ndikugwiritsira ntchito feteleza zamchere kuti mubwezeretse thanzi labwino;
• Ngati gawo lalikulu la tsamba likakantha, ndiye kuti liyenera kuchotsedwaMitengo yovuta imalimbikitsidwanso kupatula kapena kutaya);
• ndi kusowa kwa piritsium, biringanya ayenera madzi apadera potash solutions (zogulitsidwa kugulitsidwa mu sitolo iliyonse yapadera);
• Ngati tsamba liwotchedwa ndi ultraviolet, ndi bwino kuwonjezera mtunda pakati pa masamba ndi nyali, ndikudyetsa zomera kwa milungu ingapo ndi feteleza;
• Njira yothetsera phulusa imathandizanso kubwezera potaziyamu (supuni imodzi ya phulusa iyenera kuchepetsedwa mu madzi okwanira imodzi kutentha, njirayi iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa kuthirira tsiku lililonse mpaka vuto lisathe);
• kuthetsa zotsatira za feteleza zochuluka zamchere Njira yowonjezera ya potassium permanganate idzathandiza (nthawi zambiri ulimi wothirira ndi wochuluka);
• Ngati majeremusi amamwe madzi ndi madzi ozizira kwambiri, ndiye kuti kukonza vutoli kudzakuthandizani Makhalidwe abwino pa mbeu ndi kutsatira malamulo a kulima (kuchepa kwa madzi osakaniza kwa ulimi wothirira sikuyenera kukhala pansi pa +22 madigiri);
• Pambuyo pogwiritsa ntchito madzi ozizira kwambiri ku ulimi wothirira, mbewu za m'munda wachinyamata ziyenera kubwezeretsedwa ndi chithandizo cha feteleza chamchere.

ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Kuchokera ku mbande zokhala ndi mawanga oyera nthawi zambiri simuyenera kuchotsa. Ngati eggplant zoterezo zikuchiritsidwa, ndiye kuti sangazipereke kwa ochita mpikisano mwa zokolola.

Ngati powdery mildew inayambitsa maonekedwe oyera pa eggplants, ndiye ndikofunika kuchotsa ndi chidwi chenicheni. Matendawa amafalikira mofulumira, ndipo malo okhudzidwawo amauma ndi kugwa. Readzol kapena soda phulusa (0.5%) zingathandize kupulumutsa mbewu.

Malangizo ndi sitepe:

1. Konzani njira yothetsera "Readzol" kapena soda phulusa (1 g imodzi mwa njira zothetsera vutoli zimachepetsedwa mu 1 l madzi).
2. Sungani masamba a mmera (ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito bwino sprayer).
3. Bweretsani ndondomeko kamodzi pa sabata kwa mwezi.

Kodi kuchotsa matendawa, ngati chifukwa chake - tizirombo?

Kukhalapo kwa tizirombo pa mbande kumabweretsa maonekedwe oyera pa masamba chifukwa cha ntchito ya tizilombo. Mitundu ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timadya pamtunda wa zomera, ndipo pamakhala malo owala omwe amapezeka, pangakhale mawanga oonekera.

Kawirikawiri mbewu zimakhudzidwa: aphid, akangaude, thrips, whitefly. Ngati simungathe kudziwa mtundu wa tizilombo tokha, ndiye kuti mutha kupeza thandizo kwa katswiri mu sitolo iliyonse yapadera imene imapanga zovala zapamwamba komanso fetereza kwa zomera.

Zomwe amagulitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kwa mbande zikuphatikizapo:

• "Sungani M";
• Kemiphos;
• Aktara;
• Actellic;
• "Confidor";
• "Tanrek" ndi zina zotero.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala kuchokera ku tizirombo pa mbande za biringanya:

1. 2 mg wa mankhwala ayenera kuchepetsedwa mu 5 malita a madzi (mlingo umadalira kuchuluka kwa kachilombo ka zomera; pamene kusinthitsa mankhwala, ndikofunikira kuganizira zonse zomwe zidafotokozedwa m'mawu apadera);
2. Njira yothetsera vutoli imalimbikitsidwa kuthirira madzi a eggplant tsiku ndi tsiku kwa masabata 4 (kuthirira bwino m'mawa).

Njira yabwino yothetsera matenda a mmera ndipamwamba kwambiri komanso kupewa nthawi yake.

Mbewu iliyonse ikukula imayenera kusamalidwa kwambiri ndi kusamalidwa bwino.

Musanayambe kulima biringanya, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiphunzire pasadakhale zokhudzana ndi maonekedwe a pulogalamuyo.

Zolakwitsa zingayambitse imfa ya mbande ndikuwonongeka nthawi.

Zida zothandiza

Werengani nkhani zina zokhuza kukula ndi kusamalira mbande za biringanya:

• Njira zosiyanasiyana zolima: mu mapiritsi a peat, mu nkhono komanso pamapepala a chimbudzi.
• Zonse zomwe zimafesedwa mogwirizana ndi kalendala ya mwezi.
• Malamulo a golide akukula kuchokera ku mbewu.
• Makhalidwe a kulima m'madera osiyanasiyana a Russia: ku Urals, ku Siberia ndi ku Moscow.
• Mabungwe okonzekera mbewu asanafesedwe ndi kufesa bwino kwa mphukira zazing'ono.