Musanafese mbewu za mbande, m'pofunikira kukonzekera dothi, sankhani choyenera.
Zofesa zikufunikanso njira zolimbikitsa.
Kukonzekera kwa nkhaka mbewu za kufesa pa mbande zimapangitsa kuti nthawi yayitali imere, mbewu zimakula mwamphamvu, zathanzi komanso zothandiza.
Lero tikambirana mafunso ngati amenewa - nthaka ya nkhaka mbande: kupanga, kukonzekera dzikolo ndi manja anu? Kodi kukonzekera nkhaka mbewu kubzala, ndikofunikira kuti zilowerere iwo, ndi momwe kumera nkhaka mbewu kwa mbande?
Kukonzekera kwa dothi
Nkhaka monga dothi lowala, lopatsa thanzi. Zosakaniza zogula sizigwirizana. Iwo ali ndi peat wambiri, omwe ali acidic kwambiri.
Ndi bwino kupanga nthaka ya mbatata mbande paokha. Ndi bwino kuyesa chimodzi mwa zotsatirazi:
- chisakanizo cha munda kapena sod land ndi humus, peat ndi zowola utuchi mofanana;
- nthaka yamtundu wosakaniza ndi kompositi yowola;
- munda kapena udzu wosakaniza ndi humus, vermicult kapena perlite;
- peat pamodzi ndi wakale utuchi, humus, mullein ndi kutsuka mtsinje mchenga.
Kuti muzisakaniza, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito malo omwe nkhaka zanu zikukula. Nthaka yopanda mchenga imakonda, dziko lolemetsa losakanizika ndi dothi silidzagwira ntchito. Gawoli liyenera kukhala lopanda ndale kapena lopanda mphamvu.
Asanayambe kusakaniza, dothi liyenera kuyesedwa ndiyeno kuwerengedwera mu uvuni kapena microwave. Mankhwalawa, omwe amatha osachepera theka la ola kutentha kwa madigiri 90, amapha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimafooketsa mbande.
Njira ina yogwiritsira ntchito ndiyo kuyendetsa. Dziko lapansi laikidwa pa galasi yabwino ndipo imayikidwa pamwamba pa chidebe cha madzi otentha. Processing imatenga 30-45 mphindi, ndiye nthaka yatakhazikika. Ngati mankhwala sangatheke, nthaka ikhoza kukhala yoziziraNjirayi imapangitsa kuti pakhale zotsatira zabwino.
Nthaka yosungidwa imayikidwa mu matumba apulasitiki kapena matumba, kenako imayikidwa mufirizi kapena pa khonde (m'nyengo yozizira). Gawoli limakhala lozizira kwa masiku angapo, kenaka limalowa m'chipindacho ndipo limachoka.
MFUNDO! Kupititsa patsogolo zakudya zamtundu wa nthaka kumathandiza zowonjezera mavitaminimuli ndi zofunika mbande za nayitrogeni, potaziyamu ndi phosphorous.
Phulusa la Wood, superphosphate, urea, potassium sulphate kapena potaziyamu sulphate amayamba mu gawo lapansi. Zonsezi zimagwirizanitsidwa bwino. Kusakaniza kwa nthaka kungakonzekere pasadakhale. Gawo liyenera kukhala lotsalira kuti kenaka liponyedwe mu makapu a mbande.
Kukonzekera Mbewu
Mbewu zowonjezerapo zimamera ndikukula mbande zisanayambe kufesa, mbewu zimakhala zochitika zambiri.
Ntchito yokonzekera ilipo:
- kukhala;
- chotsitsa;
- kumera;
- kutseka.
Mbewu zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa zaka khumi zapitazi ndizoyenera kubzala. Ndiyetu ndikuyenera kuziganizira kukula kwa mbeu kumachepa chaka chilichonse, makope a zaka zisanu ndi zinayi zam'mbuyomu, akhoza kukhala osachepera 50%.
Mtengo wapamwamba umasonyezedwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa zaka 2-3 musanafese. Pofuna kuyendetsa ndondomekoyi, mbewuzo zimasonkhanitsidwa mwachindunji, zitayikidwa m'matumba ndi tsiku lokolola.
Choyamba, mbewuzi zimasankhidwa ndi dzanja, zopanda kanthu ndi opunduka zimakanidwa. Mu ndondomekoyi, mungathe kuyesa mbewuyi kukula (sizingangodalira pa khalidwe, komanso pa kalasi). Amakhulupirira kuti zizindikiro zazikulu zimasiyana ndi kumera bwino ndikupereka mphukira zowonjezereka.
Pambuyo poyang'anitsitsa mbewu zakuthupi imathiridwa mchere madzi ndi kusakaniza bwino. Mbeu za Benign zimagwa pansi, zosayenera kubzala zidzayandama. Zakudya zamtengo wapatali zimachotsedwa pamchere, kutsukidwa ndi madzi oyera ndi zouma, kufalikira pa nsalu yophimba kapena pamapepala.
Gawo lotsatira la kukonzekera ndi disinfection.
Ngati kutaya thupi sikunayende, uyenera kuchita nokha. Sikoyenera kuika chiopsezo cha umoyo wa mbande ndi zokolola zam'tsogolo.
Mbewu imatenthedwa pa kutentha kwa madigiri 60 kwa maola pafupifupi atatu. Inu simungakhoze kuwaphimbitsa iwo. Ndiye iwoMphindi 30 imadzizidwa mu njira yothetsera potassium permanganatendiye kutsukidwa bwino ndi madzi oyera.
Pali njira zina zotsitsimula. Mbewu ikhoza Pangani ndi nyali ya ultraviolet mkati mwa mphindi zisanu. Njirayi imachitidwa mwamsanga musanafese. Ngati sizingatheke kubzala mbewu nthawi yomweyo, pambuyo poti zitsitsimutsa, zimakhala ndi phukusi.
Kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso panthawi imodzimodziyo timadyetse ndi tizilombo tounika kwambiri phulusa likuwomba (Supuni 2 ya phulusa imatsutsa 1 lita imodzi ya madzi ofunda kwa masiku atatu). Processing imatenga mphindi 30, ndiye zouma.
Gawo lomaliza koma lofunika kwambiri ndilo kutsekakuwonjezera chitetezo cha zomera. Choyamba, mbewu zimamera mu minofu yonyowa. Kenaka amasamukira ku firiji masiku angapo.
Choyamba, mbewuzo zimayikidwa pamalo ozizira kwambiri, kenako zimasamukira kumapulatifomu apansi. Mbeu iyenera kuuma pa nthawi yotsekedwa; nsalu yomwe imaphatikizidwa nthawi zambiri imayambitsidwa ndi botolo lazitsulo.
Kodi kumera nkhaka mbewu kwa mbande?
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Ena wamaluwa amakonda kulima mbewu zouma. Cholinga chachikulu ndicho zinakula ndi zovuta kwambiri, zachifundo achinyamata amawombera mosavutazomwe zimachepetsa kukula kwa mbande.
Komabe, ambiri mafanizi amatha kufota mbewu, kuyesera kufulumira chitukuko cha mbande ndikuonetsetsa kuti kumera kwa mbewu. Ngati mphukira sizikutha, sizikhoza kubzalidwa pansi, osatenga miphika ndi gawo ndi malo opanda pake pawindo.
Kodi soak nkhaka mbewu kwa mbande? Madzi odzola amagwiritsidwa ntchito polowera.: mvula, thawed kapena yophika. Musagwiritse ntchito madzi opopera othamanga kwambiri. Kuthira mbewu sikoyenera, nsalu yonyowa ya thonje imakhala bwino kwambiri.
Ena wamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito ubweya wa thonje, koma njirayi si yotetezeka. Mphukira yamtundu ikhoza kukhala yowopsya mu utali wautali, zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri kuchotsa popanda kuziphwanya.
Mbeuzo zikulumikizidwa mu nsalu ya thonje kapena matope omwe amawundana kwambiri ndi madzi ofunda ndiyeno amaikidwa mu thumba la pulasitiki. Sitilola mpweya kutuluka ndi kutentha kutentha. Iwo adzakula mu masiku atatu.
Mmalo mwa phukusi, mungagwiritse ntchito mtsuko wa galasi ndi chivindikiro cholimba, ndikupanga zotsatira za wowonjezera kutentha. Mtsuko wa mbewu umayikidwa kutentha. Musayikidwe pazipangizo zotentha.kuyesa kufulumizitsa ndondomeko ya kusamba.
Kupititsa patsogolo kumera musanayambe kumera mbewu za nkhaka akhoza kuthiridwa mu njira yamadzimadzi yowonjezera kukula. Processing imatenga maola 10-12. Ndondomekoyi ndi yofunikira kwambiri kwa mbewu zamtengo wapatali komanso zosawerengeka, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti mbeu zimamera pafupifupi 100 peresenti.
Kukonzekera kufesa kungatenge nthawi yochuluka, kotero muyenera kuyambapo pasadakhale. Nthaka yotchedwa Decontaminated yomwe imapangidwanso ndi zakudya zimatha kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo mbewu ziyenera kuchitidwa nthawi yomweyo musanafese. N'zosatheka kunyalanyaza zofunikira zofunika pokonzekera, chifukwa zokolola zam'tsogolo zimadalira iwo.
Zida zothandiza
Onani zina zothandiza zokhudzana ndi kukula ndi kusamala mbande za mbango:
- Momwe mungakulire pawindo, khonde komanso pansi?
- Malangizo okula m'mitsuko yambiri, makamaka pa mapepala ndi mapiritsi.
- Pezani masiku odzala malingana ndi dera lanu.
- Zifukwa zomwe mbande zimatulutsidwa, masamba amauma ndi kutuluka chikasu, ndipo matendawa amakhudzidwa bwanji?
- Zinsinsi zonse za kunyamula, kutsirira ndi kudyetsa achinyamata mphukira.
