Fungo la Dracaena kapena Dracaena fratrans ndi shrub yobiriwira ya Dracaena. Ndimodzichepetsa ndipo, mbali ina, pazifukwazi, ndi otchuka chifukwa chokula osati m'nyumba, komanso m'maofesi.
Mukudziwa? Mawu akuti "dracaena" amachokera ku chi Greek "dracaena", kutanthauza "chinjoka chachikazi", "chinjoka". Choncho, chomeracho chimatchedwanso mtengo wa dragon, ndi madzi a mitundu ina - magazi a chinjoka.
Zokometsera Dracaena: chomera chomera
Dracaena yobiriwirayo imakhala ndi mitundu iwiri ya maluwa: kaya ndi woyera kapena wobiriwira, wobiriwira. Zili pamapiritsi obiriwira, kufika mamita okwera. The inflorescences ndi okongola, fluffy ndi zokoma, zonunkhira fungo (zomwe zinapatsa dzina m'maganizo). Fungoli limatulutsa tizilombo komanso mitundu yambiri ya hummingbirds. Tsoka ilo, chomera ichi, ngakhale, ndi mitundu ina ya dracaena, mwachitsanzo, dracaena deremskaya, kawirikawiri maluwa kunyumba.
Masamba obiriwira amitundu yobiriwira ndi mikwingwirima yokongoletsera, yomwe imasiyanasiyana ndi chikasu mpaka kuwala, imasonkhanitsidwa mumtambo, imakhala ndi mawonekedwe ophimba, ndipo zimakhala ndi zomera zambiri. Amatha kukula mamita 1 m'litali ndi 10 cm m'lifupi. Mu chilengedwe, dracaena imatha kutalika kwa mamita 6, ndipo panyumba - pamtunda wa mamita 2. Zimakula kwambiri meleno, koma zimakhala nthawi yaitali.
Mitundu ina, monga Massangeana, imaoneka ngati kanjedza.
Makhalidwe a kukula kwa zonunkhira zonunkhira
Ndi bwino kuika zokongoletsera maluwa onunkhira kumayang'ana kummawa kapena kumadzulo. Malowa ayenera kukhala owala, koma popanda dzuwa lachindunji komanso palibe ma drafts.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati kulibe kokwanira, mitundu ya dracaena ndi masamba a variegated amataya kuwala.M'nyengo yotentha, mukhoza kusiya chinjoka maluwa pa khonde kapena m'munda, osakayikira kuteteza chomera ku dzuwa. M'nyengo yozizira, ndibwino kuika mphika pafupi kwambiri ndi mawindo kapena kupereka kuunikira kwina.
Kutentha kotentha kwa dracaena zonunkhira kudzakhala kusiyana kwa 18 ° С- + 25 ° С. Pa apamwamba kutentha, samalirani zina kuthirira. Mitundu yowonongeka ndi yokongoletsera ulamuliro wotenthawu umasungidwa kwa chaka, ndipo kwa ena umachepetsedwa kufika + 15 ° C- + 17 ° C (koma osati m'munsi) m'nyengo yozizira.
Momwe mungasamalire chomera
Dracena zonunkhira, monga mitundu ina yotchuka (deremskaya, marginata, Godsefa, yopindika) sivuta kusamalira. Komabe, ngati mukufuna kuti chomera chanu chikhale ndi thanzi labwino, ndiye kuti muyenera kuthirira madziwo ndi kuthira mchere panthawi yake.
Mukudziwa? Dracene imatchedwanso "mtengo wa chimwemwe", chifukwa cha nthano ya Aztec, malinga ndi zomwe msilikali, yemwe akufuna kukwatira mwana wamkazi wa mkulu wa ansembe, ayenera kuchita ntchito ya wansembe - kuti amere masamba pamtengo wokhala pansi. Anamwetsa madzi masiku asanu, ndipo chikondi cha banjali chinapanga zodabwitsa - dracaena anakula. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, amakhulupirira kuti ngati mutadula dracaena usiku wa mwezi wathunthu, tidzakhala osangalala komanso chikondi.
Kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu
Kumayambiriro ndi chilimwe, kamangidwe ka pamwamba pa gawolo kamatuluka ndi 2-3 masentimita (kamodzi pa masiku awiri) - kuwotenthe ndi kutsanulira dracaena mochuluka. Timafunikanso nthawi zonse (2-3 pa sabata) kupopera kapena kupukuta ndi nsalu yonyowa.
M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha, kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu kumachepetsedwa, koma pamene chomera chiri mu chipinda chofunda, pafupi ndi batiri - chiyenera kuthiriridwa ndi kuthiridwa komanso nthawi ya chilimwe. Gwiritsani ntchito madzi otentha kapena osungunuka.
Ndikofunikira! Kupopera mbewu sikunakonzedwe kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Ngati chinyezi chikadali pakati pa masamba, ndipo fumbi lilowa mmenemo, ndiye kuti kuvunda kungayambike, zomwe zimayambitsa imfa ya dracaena.
Kudyetsa deremskoy drayseny: nthawi komanso momwe mungameretse zomera
Kuchokera pakati pa kasupe mpaka nthawi ya autumn, zovuta madzi kapena granular feteleza imagwiritsidwa kamodzi pa masabata awiri. Kuchokera m'dzinja, feteleza yacheperachepera kwa theka la mlingo wokwanira nthawi imodzi pa mwezi kapena yaimitsidwa.
Zowona Zamtengo Wapatali Dracaena Zimakonza
Kudulira makamaka makamaka anachitidwa mu kasupe ndi chilimwe. Panthawi imeneyi, zinthu zapadera zimapangidwa ndikuthandizira kuchiza. Chinjoka chofiira, ngati maluwa ena a panyumba, sichiyenera kudulidwa m'nyengo yozizira. Kupatulapo kungakhale kosayembekezereka, monga kupuma kwa mbewu. Koma sizingalimbikitsidwe kuti mudule odwala kapena ofooka.
Mukufuna mpeni wokhotakhota. Sankhani kutalika kwake komwe mukufuna kupeza nthambi (ndi bwino kuthamangitsira 15-20 masentimita kuchokera pamwamba) ndipo pamalo ano mudule thunthu. Mbali ya pamwamba ya chomera ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kufalitsa. 
Pamene kudula, dulani fungo lonunkhira onunkhira ndi parafini kapena opanikizidwa ndi makala, kukulunga pogwiritsira ntchito sphagnum moss ndi thumba loyera, kutsanulira tsinde kangapo patsiku. Ikani chomeracho (osati pansipa + 25 ° C) ndi malo amdima opanda drafts. Mitengo imapanga mwezi, ndiye mutha kuchotsa moss ndi phukusi.
Kodi ndi nthawi yanji yomwe mungabweretse chomeracho?
Kuphika njoka yamoto onunkhira kumalimbikitsidwa kumapeto kwa nyengo, koma kuziika kumaloledwa nthawi zina za chaka. Mitengo yaing'ono imaikidwa kamodzi pakatha zaka ziwiri, okhwima - pa 3. Ngati chithunzicho chili chachikulu, ndiye kuti mungathe kuchita popanda kusindikizidwa, pokhapokha mutengapo gawo pamwamba pa gawolo.
Mu chidebe chatsopano, sungani masentimita 2-3 masentimita a ngalande, ndiye perlite kapena mchenga wonyezimira, ndiyeno dothi lapadera la yokongoletsera zomera. Pakatikati, ikani dracaena ndipo mutsanulire modzichepetsa ndi primer. Gwiritsani ntchito nthaka yaing'ono, sungani chomeracho ndi kutsanulira mtengo wanu wachimwemwe. Ikani kutentha, mthunzi. Pambuyo pa tsamba latsopano, tsamba lopangidwa likhoza kuberekedwa.
Ndikofunikira! Kokoma Dracaena ndi kovuta kulekerera kuika ndipo angakhale akudwala kwa kanthawi pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi.
Matenda aakulu ndi matenda omera
Dracaena fragran imakhala yokwanira ndi tizirombo. Komabe, izi zingakhudze aphid, mealybug, kangaude, kang'onoting'ono ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. Zowonongeka masamba a zomera akutsikira, motero amatha kukongoletsa kwake kwenikweni. Pofuna kuthana ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matendawa, kupukuta masamba ndi sopo yankho (kwa tizilombo toyambitsa kang'onoting'ono, kutentha kwake kuyenera kukhala + 50 ° C) ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kutentha pamasamba kungabwere chifukwa cha kuwala kwa dzuwa. Pofuna kupewa izi - mthunzi mphika. Ndi chisamaliro chosayenera (kuthira madzi okwanira, chinyezi, ma drafts, kapena nthaka yodzaza ndi timadzi timene timasungunuka), masambawo adzauma, amadetsedwa kapena nsonga zidzasanduka chikasu.
Matenda opatsirana, monga kuwala kofiira malo, fillostosis, alternariosis, amakhalanso. Kwa mbali zambiri, zomera zakale zimadwala, zomwe zimasamalidwa bwino. Kawirikawiri, pamapakati a masiku khumi, perekani chipatso cha chipatso cha fodya.
Njira zobereka dracaena zonunkhira
Kusakaniza kofiira kofiira kumachitika m'njira ziwiri: mothandizidwa ndi nsonga za zomera kapena zigawo za zimayambira.
Mukudziwa? Madzi a Dracaena amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mavitamini, omwe amawotchedwa ndi zitsulo, komanso zovala za utoto. Tsitsi lotayidwa pogwiritsa ntchito madzi a Dratsenov, pangani nsalu ya golide yosatha. Masamba a mitundu ina amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zowonjezera zingwe.
Apical cuttings
Dulani pamwamba pa chomera 10-15 masentimita m'litali ndi tsamba lakuthwa ndi kuziyika mu chidebe choda, chophwanyidwa ndi madzi (mungathe kuwonjezera makala oyaka) kapena mphika ndi nthaka ndi mchenga. Phimbani ndi kapu kuti mupange wowonjezera kutentha. 
Tsinde limatalika
Dulani tsinde la masentimita 5-7, pomwe padzakhala masamba awiri, ndikuyika mu chidebe chodzaza ndi nthaka, ndi pamwamba pake ndi mchenga. Phimbani ndi botolo kapena mtsuko ndikusungira pamalo otentha kumene dzuwa silingagwe. Spring ndi yabwino kubereka, koma ndi zowonjezera kuposa lamulo, zimangotulutsa zowonjezera kutentha. Madzi okha ndi madzi ofunda. Kutenga mizu kumatenga masabata 2-4.
Ngati tikulankhula za mitundu yambiri yokongoletsera, monga dracaena deremskaya, Godsef, Reflex, ndiye kuti kubereka kwawo sikunali kosiyana, mosiyana ndi mitundu yobiriwira yomwe imabzalanso ndi mbewu.
Monga mukuonera, dracaena zonunkhira ndizokongola, zonunkhira ndipo sizili zovuta kusamalira zomera. Gwiritsani ntchito malangizo athu, ndipo kwa zaka zambiri zidzakondweretsa maso anu.
