Pafupifupi zaka zana kuchokera ku Japan kupita ku Ulaya anadziwitsidwa bwino kwambiri shrub - rhododendron (azalea) percy vaisman yakushimansky. Mtengo wawung'ono wofanana ndi mpira wokhazikika ndi maluwa ndi kukongola kodabwitsa.
Kumusamalira ndi kophweka, koma mbali zina zomwe mukufuna kudziwa.
Maonekedwe
Mzuwo uli chabe, kotero chomera sichimalola kumasula, kukumba, komanso kusefukira.
Masamba ndi opapatiza, obiriwira, ofewa, ofewa. Mtundu wa masambawo ndi wobiriwira pamwamba, wofiira pansipa ndi pubescence.
Maluwa ali ndi m'mimba mwake mpaka 7 masentimita, anasonkhana mu inflorescences wa 5-10 zidutswa. Kumayambiriro kwa maluwa akuda pinki, ndipo pamapeto pake - kuwala koyera. Maluwa a azalea amayamba mu May ndipo amathera mu June.
Kutalika kwa chomera chachikulu kumakhala mita imodzi, nthawi ya korona ili kufika mamita limodzi ndi hafu. Kukula kwa pachaka kwa chaka ndi pafupifupi masentimita 10, kotero shrub imaonedwa kuti ikukula mofulumira.
Yakushima rhododendron ndi mtengo wobiriwira umene udzakondweretsa diso ndi mdima wakuda wa emerald m'nyengo yozizira ndi chilimwe.
Mitundu ya rhododendron Yakushimansky
Lero pali mitundu yambiri:
Almuth - kutalika 80 cm, woyera maluwa ndi pabuka speckles, korona dome woboola pakati.
Anushka - mamita 2 mm, maluwa ali odzaza-pinki.
Arabella - kutalika ndi mamita 1, maluwa ndi aakulu kwambiri, ofiira ndi oyera pakati, korona ndi yozungulira.
Astrid - kutalika ndi mamita 1, maluwa ndi ofiira owala kwambiri, ofanana ndi mapuloteni, mawonekedwe a korona akuzungulira.
Blurette - Kutalika masentimita 90, maluwa violet-pinki ndi chikasu chachikasu, pang'ono kuwonongeka pamphepete, korona woboola pakati.
Kalinka - kutalika kwa masentimita 120, maluwa ali ndi pinki kapena mthunzi wakuda.
Marrakesh - kutalika ndi 70 cm, maluwa ndi aakulu kwambiri, oyera-pinki ndi specks. Maluwa a siliva - kutalika mamita 1, maluwa oyera okhala ndi chikasu chachikasu kapena chobiriwira, korona wooneka ngati korona.
Sayansi yopeka - masentimita 120 cm, maluwawo ndi aakulu kunja kwa pinki-wofiira, ndipo mkati mwake ndi lofewa-pinki.
Schneekrone - kutalika 50 cm, woyera kapena wotumbululuka pinki maluwa, korona woboola pakati.
Edelweiss - kutalika ndi 70 cm, maluwa ndi oyera ndi pabuka inclusions.
Percy Weissman - mamita 1 okwera, maluwa ndi pinki yotumbululuka ndi mthunzi wamtambo, pamapeto a maluwa amakhala oyera.
Rhododendron Yakushimansky - kubzala ndi kusamalira
Chomera ichi n'chosiyana zabwino yozizira hardinessChoncho tikulimbikitsanso kulima pakati pa dziko lathu.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira malamulo a kusamalira, chifukwa chisamaliro chosayenera chingathe kuwononga shrub.
Tikufika
Nthawi yabwino yopita of Yakushimani rhododendron is mapeto a AprilNthaka ikawotha ndi dzuwa. Mukhozanso kubzala mu kugwa, kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa September, pamene sizimazira.
Azalea salola kuwala kwa dzuwa. Komanso malo oopsa kuti iye azitseguka. malo okhala pamphepo. Malo abwino kwambiri ndi penumbra..
Mukhoza kubzala chitsamba chosiyana, ndipo mukhoza kupanga gulu. Zitsamba zoterezi zimakongoletsa munda.
Ground
Azaleas amakonda zowonongeka, acidic, nthaka yolemera kwambiri. Mutha kukonzekera nthaka. Kuti muchite izi, tengani mbali ziwiri za peat, magawo awiri a mtunda wa coniferous ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga wa mtsinje. Pamene mukudzala pansi pa dzenje ndizofunika kuika madzi (kuwonjezera dongo, miyala, mchenga) kuti asapezeke madzi.
Kuthirira
Rhododendron Yakumashinsky - zonyansa Choncho, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira chiwerengero cha madzi. Kuthirira kumachitika 2-3 pa sabata, mu nyengo youma tikulimbikitsidwa kuchita kupopera mbewu.
Mavuto otentha
Frost kukana - Ichi ndicho chikhalidwe cha chomera ichi. Amatha kupirira nyengo yozizira mpaka 30 C. Koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mbande zazing'ono zimayenera kutetezedwa m'nyengo yozizira.
Feteleza ndi kuvala
Pofuna kukula bwino, rhododendron iyenera kumera 3 nthawi pa nyengo. Nthawi yoyamba isanayambe maluwa (20 magalamu a feteleza kuti azidyetsa azaza ndi madzi okwanira), nthawi yachiwiri pambuyo pake (ndi fetereza yomweyo), nthawi yachitatu kumapeto kwa August (25 gm ya superphosphate ndi 15 gm ya potassium sulphate). Kuvala kachitatu ndikofunikira kuti akhwime makungwa ndi kuteteza mapangidwe a mphukira zazing'ono.
Maluwa
Maluwa a rhododendron ya Yakushiman ndi okongola kwambiri, wochuluka. Maluwa amasonkhana mu inflorescences akuwaza zonse shrub. Zimayamba kumapeto kwa mwezi wa May ndipo zimatha mpaka kumapeto kwa June.
Kudulira
Chomera ichi sakusowa kudulira mwapadera. Koma pali zochitika pamene nkofunikira kuchita izi, mwachitsanzo, kuchotsa mitengo yakufa ndi nthambi zowuma.
Pambuyo maluwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuthetsa maluwa a inflorescences maluwa osiyanasiyana chaka chamawa.
Kuwaza
Kukula kwa Azalea nthawi zambiri kumachitika mopweteka pa msinkhu uliwonse, koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti sikutheka kusokoneza chipinda chadothi kupeŵa kuwononga mizu. Nthaŵi yabwino yowonjezera ndi masika ndi autumn.
Njira zoberekera
Pali njira zingapo zomwe munthu angasankhe - aliyense m'minda amadzipangira yekha.
Mbewu. Mbewu imabzalidwa mu Januwale-February. Kufesa kumachitika m'nthaka yokha. Kuwombera kumawonekera sabata.
Kumalo osatha a mbande zimakula chokha mu chaka.
Cuttings. Kuti mupeze cuttings, m'pofunika kudula nthambi 5 masentimita ndi kukula ndi 3-4 internodes. Cuttings amaikidwa mu peat-mchenga nthaka. M'mwezi wa rooting amachitika ndipo amawombera ndi masamba akuwonekera.
Kuyika. Kuti njira yoberekera kumapeto kwa nyengo ikasankhe nthambi yapafupi, ing'onozing'ono ndi kumiza pansi pa nthaka. Mabala ndi ofunika kuthirira ndi kutsanulira nthaka. Pofika pakati pa mwezi wa July, kuika maliro kudzakhazikika ndipo imatha kuchotsedwa kumtambo wa mayi ndikusandulika kumalo ena.
Mwa magawano. Chitsamba chachikulu chimakumbidwa pansi ndikugawidwa m'magulu. Gawo lirilonse limabzalidwa mosiyana. Mu 2-3 zaka chitsamba adzabwezeretsa bwino ndi kupeza ake kukongoletsa kwenikweni.
Zima
Yakushimansky rhododendron imalekerera bwino kutentha, kotero sikuti imakhala malo ogonera..
Koma mphukira zazing'ono zaka zoyambirira mutabzala zikakhala zitaphimbidwa.
Kuteteza nkhuku zazing'ono kuchokera ku chisanu ziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi masamba a spruce, ndi kuchepa kwa kutentha, kutsanulira masamba owuma pamwamba.
Kusamalira zomera zazikulu mu kugwa ndi motere:
1. Kuthirira kotsirizira kumayenera kuchitidwa chisanathe chisanu choyamba kuti chisamayambe kutaya madzi.
2. Kugwa kuyenera kudzazidwa ndi nyerere (peat, pine singano, masamba owuma) ndi masentimita 10-15 pafupi ndi chitsamba kuteteza mizu yaying'ono kukazizira.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Tsoka ilo, chomera chokongolachi chimawoneka ndi matenda ambiri:
- Vuto la Phytophthalic. Masamba ayamba kutembenukira chikasu ndikugwa, nthambi zimatembenuka chikasu, mizu imavunda, zomera zimayamba kufota. Pofuna kupewa ndi kuchiza matendawa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tipeze yankho la Bordeaux osakaniza.
- Grey kuvunda. Mawanga a mdima amaonekera pa nthambi, masamba, masamba. Matenda opitirira patsogolo amatsogolera ku imfa. Pofuna kuchiza, m'pofunikira kupopera chitsamba ndi nthaka ndi 0.2% ya foundationol.
- Fusarium. A azalea ayamba kutembenukira chikasu, kukoka thunthu ndi mizu. N'zotheka kuthetsa matendawa powapopera mankhwala ndi 0.2% yankho la basezol.
Rhododendron ali ndi tizirombo zambiri nawonso:
- Rhododendron bug. Madontho okongola amakhala pamasamba. Mabala a masamba ndi kugwa. Kuchotsa izi tizilombo n'kofunika kupanga kupopera mbewu mankhwala diazinon.
- The Redhead. Mutha kuchipeza pazitsamba zazing'ono, masamba, masamba. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayamwa madzi, chifukwa chake amatsitsa m'mbuyo mwa chitukuko, amaika masamba ndi kufa. Kutulutsa karbofos kudzathandiza kuteteza mtengo ku kuluma.
- Kangaude mite. Zimakhudza masamba, amadya madzi. Masamba amatembenuka imvi ndikugwa. Pofuna kupewa ndi kuwonongeka kwa akangaude, kupopera mbewu ndi Keltan 0.35% emulsion ikuchitika masiku asanu ndi limodzi.
Zingakhale zovuta kukula
- Kugwa kwa Bud. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha madzi osakwanira. Pofuna kupewa izi, muyenera kumwa madzi okwanira nthawi zonse, kuti muteteze dothi.
- Wofooka maluwa, masamba ang'onoang'ono, mawanga ofiira pamphepete mwa masamba. Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha kusowa kwa zakudya. Kugwiritsa ntchito kuvala pamwamba monga potassium nitrate kudzakuthandizira kulimbana ndi vuto ili.
- Masamba obiriwira ndi kuchepa pang'ono onetsani malo omwe angathe.
Nthawi zambiri muminda mungapeze zitsamba zokongola za Yakushiman rhododendron. Olima amalima amayamba kukonda naye chifukwa cha makhalidwe ake osagwira chisanu, osasamala kwambiri, ndi maluwa osiyana.
Chithunzi
Zithunzi zambiri za Yakushimansky rhododendron onani pansipa:
Mfundo zothandiza
Mukhoza kuwerenga zipangizo zina pa mutu ndikuphunzira zambiri za azaleas / rhododendron:
- Njira zowonjezera azaleas kunyumba: kukula rhododendron
- Kukongola kwanu! Kodi mungathetse bwanji chipinda cha hydrangea kunyumba?
- Azalea - kukongola kobiri m'nyumba mwanu
- Mitambo yamdima mu June: rhododendrons (azaleas) m'munda wamaluwa
