Chilengedwe palokha ndicho chopanga chinthu chosiyana - biohumus. Manyowa olemerawa ali ndi zonse zomwe mukufunikira kuti mukhale ndi nthaka, kukula ndi chitukuko.
Zosakaniza zothandiza zili mmenemo mwa mawonekedwe omwe amapezeka mosavuta kuti azisintha ndi zomera.
Kodi vermicompost ndi momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito
Biohumus ndi organic microbiological feteleza kuti ndi lotayirira wakuda minofu yazing'ono, ngati nthaka. Mayina ake ena ndi Matabwa, Vermicompost. Kukhala wokoma mtima, zachilengedwe komanso biologically yogwira feteleza, amapangidwa chifukwa chofunika kwambiri zofiira ku California mphutsi, zomwe zimadutsa organic zatsalira kudzera m'matumbo pamodzi ndi nthaka ndi kupereka coprolites pamtunda. 
Lili ndi zinthu zofunika kwa zomera ndi kufufuza zinthu:
- mapuloteni;
- mankhwala;
- mavitamini;
- kukula kwa zomera ndi chitukuko;
- zinthu zamatsenga.
Zinthu izi ndi nthaka zimagawidwa mowolowa manja ndi tizilombo timene timakhala mmenemo pamene feteleza. Pokhala ndi machiritso pansi ndikuchotsa mabakiteriya a tizilombo, biohumus imathandiza kuonjezera kubereka kwake. Maonekedwe a biohumus samaphatikiza mabakiteriya a tizilombo, helminth mazira, mphutsi zouluka, mbewu zamsongole. Zizindikiro za biohumus ndizopadera. Kapangidwe kawo ndi kosagonjetsedwa ndi madzi ndi 95-97%. Chiwerengero cha mphamvu ndi 200-250. Momwemonso, vermicompost imakula bwino komanso imamera nthaka.
Biohumus imapangidwa mwachilengedwe chifukwa cha ntchito ya mphutsi yomwe imakhala pansi, koma imapangidwanso ndi njira zamakampani zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mminda, minda, nyumba zachinyumba ndi miphika. Manyowa a mafakitale ali ndi zinthu zofunikira pa chiŵerengero cholinganiza ndipo amakulolani kuti mubwezeretse zachilengedwe m'nthaka, zatha chifukwa cha zochita za anthu.
Mukudziwa? Biohumus sangathe kugula, komanso kubweretsa pa tsamba lanu. Kupanga kunyumba kumatha kukwaniritsa zosowa za minda ya kumudzi.
Kutsegulidwa kunthaka, fetelezayi imakhala ndi mphamvu yomweyo ndipo imasunga chaka chimodzi, ndipo kutentha kwa nthaka sikutheka, chifukwa chinthucho ndichilengedwe komanso chilengedwe. 
Tiyeni tione zotsatira za biohumus pa nthaka:
- kukula kwa zomera kumalimbikitsa;
- nthaka imachiza mwachibadwa;
- kumawonjezera chitetezo chomera kumabakiteriya ndi zina zovuta;
- Mitengo ndi mbande n'zosavuta kusintha;
- Mbewu za kumera zimachepetsedwa;
- nyengo yokolola ndi yakucha imfupikitsidwa;
- zokolola zimakula;
- kukoma kwa zipatso kumapindulitsa;
- zotsatira zovulaza feteleza zimachepa;
- mosavuta kulowetsedwa ndi zomera, ali ndi kukwera kwamtundu.
Mapulogalamu ogwiritsira ntchito ndikugwiritsa ntchito musanadzalemo
Kompositi yowuma yowonjezera ikuwonjezeka pamene ikumba nthaka, ndipo imaphatikizidwira ku zitsime ndi pakati pa mizere. 
Mitengo ya feteleza nthawi zambiri imakhala yochuluka kwambiri, kotero ndikofunikira kwambiri kulemekeza kuchuluka kwa kuchepetsa kuti asawononge mizu.
Mukudziwa? Vermicompost ilibe fungo losasangalatsa, lomwe limapereka mwayi wowonjezera poyerekeza ndi feteleza ena.
Ndisavuta kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza, musanawonjezere biohumus m'nthaka, sikofunikira kuti muphunzire mosamala malamulo. Taganizirani funso ili mwatsatanetsatane.
Kukula mbande
Kuti mukhale ndi zibwenzi zabwino, zowonjezereka bwino, kukula kwakukulu ndi zokolola zazikulu, mbola ya mbola imayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yoyambira mbeu asanayambe kufesa. Ndipotu, zimadziwika kuti chiyambi chabwino ndicho chinsinsi cha kukula bwino ndi fruiting. Mbewu imatenga zinthu zokhazikika ndikuthokoza ndikubwezera ndi mphukira mwamphamvu komanso mwamsanga. Yankho lirikonzedwa mu chiŵerengero cha 1:50. Nthawi yowononga - maola 10-15. 
Mbeu zowonongeka ziyenera kuikidwa m'nthaka yokonzedwera. Biohumus imatulutsidwa m'dzikoli chifukwa cha mbande mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 3-5. Ndizotheka kubzala mu thupi lokha, koma silovomerezeka, chifukwa ngati chomeracho chimawonongedwa ndi nthaka yabwino kwambiri, ndiye kuti ikabzalidwa pansi imatha kuvulaza nthaka mosavuta.
M'tsogolomu, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira mbande ndi kupopera mbewu zake pamwamba pake. Nthawi zambiri zimadalira nyengo yomwe ikukula komanso maonekedwe a mbande. Njira yothetsera vutoli imakonzedwa kuchokera ku madzi okwanira imodzi ndi 5-10 ml. Kawiri kawiri kuthirira madzi okwanira ndi kawiri pamwezi.
Onani mndandanda wa mankhwala omwe angakuthandizeni kuti musamalire munda: "PhytoDoctor", "Ecosil", "Nemabakt", "Shining-1", "Nurell D", "Oksihom", "Actofit", "Ordan", "Fufanon".Zikhalidwe zosiyana zimakhala ndi zofunikira zosiyana zowonjezera:
- Mukamasamba mbande, feteleza ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito bwino;
- phwetekere ndi nkhaka mbande amakonda kwambiri kudya;
- letesi ndi kabichi alibe zosowa zochepa zowonjezera;
- Mbeu zamaluwa zimayamika chifukwa cha kupatsa zakudya komanso kupeza mphamvu zamphamvu.
Kubzala tomato, nkhaka ndi tsabola
Mukamadzala tomato, nkhaka kapena tsabola monga mbande yotseguka pansi, mbozi yokhala ndi mphutsi (100-200 g) iyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku chitsime chilichonse, kuphatikiza ndi nthaka ndi kuthirira mowolowa manja, ndipo pokhapokha mbeuyo ikabzalidwa, imaigwiritsira ntchito ndikuyendetsa pansi pocheka ndi zala. .
Nkhaka ziyenera kukhala ndi mulingo wambiri centimeter wosanjikiza wa biohumus kuzungulira chitsamba chilichonse.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito fomu yamadzi, gwiritsani ntchito theka kapena lonse lita yothetsera vutolo.
Mukudziwa? Ndikofunika kudzala mbande mu nthaka yabwino kuposa yomwe idakula.
Kufesa mbewu zobiriwira
Mbewu za mbewu zobiriwira, monga katsabola, parsley, sorelo, anyezi, letesi ndi zina, ziyenera kulowetsedwa ndi mankhwala atatu (30 ml pa 1 l madzi) kwa maola 20.
Pofesa mbewu, kutupa kompositi ayenera kuikidwa mu nthaka pa mlingo wa 250 g pa lalikulu mita, wothira nthaka ndi kuthirira mochuluka. Pambuyo pofotokozera kukonzekera, mbewu zimatupa.
Yankho lidzafunikira 0,5-1 malita pa lalikulu.
Tengani mbewu ndi yankho kamodzi pa sabata. Mavutowa ndi ofanana ndi pamene akuwombera mbewu. 
Kubzala mbatata
Musanadzalemo mbatata tubers, ndi bwino kuti zilowerere mu 3% yothetsera vermicompost kwa maola 3-4. Kuchokera 50 mpaka 100 g ya feteleza kwa aliyense wobzalidwa tuber akuikidwa mu dzenje. Chofanana ndi njira yothira madzi a mbatata biohumus imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mphamvu ya 0,5 mpaka 2 malita.
Nthawi iliyonse musanayambe kuphika, kupopera mbewu kumaphatikizapo kuwonjezera zigawo zina ziwiri za madzi kuti zitheke,
Ndikofunikira! Madzi a chithandizo cha feteleza ayenera kuloledwa kuima ndipo sayenera kukhala ozizira kotero kuti zinthu zomwe ziri mu chiganizo zimathera mosavuta ndi kuchita mofulumira.
Kubzala yozizira adyo
Musanadzalemo nyengo yozizira, 500 magalamu a youma (kapena lita imodzi ya madzi, ndiye popanda ulimi wothirira) feteleza pazitali zonse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku nthaka mozama masentimita 10, kenako adyo amabzalidwa mu nthaka yokonzedwa.
Kubzala strawberries
Pakuti chodzala strawberries horticultural youma nkhani anayamba mu dzenje, zimatengera 150 magalamu pa chitsamba. Thirani madzi, yankho - kuchokera 100 mpaka 200 ml.
Mu August, pamene strawberries amasula masharubu, chifukwa rooting amagwiritsa ntchito feteleza mofanana pa nyerere iliyonse. 
Kubzala zitsamba
Raspberries, currants, gooseberries ndi zitsamba zina za zipatso zimabzalidwa dzenje, kumene 1.5 makilogalamu a youma vermicompost kapena 3 malita a yankho lake likugwiritsidwa ntchito. Feteleza ayenera kusakanikirana ndi nthaka ndipo, mutatha kuthirira mwaluso, panikani chitsamba, mukugwirizanitsa pansi pozungulira.
Kubzala mitengo ya zipatso
Malingana ndi kukula ndi msinkhu wa sapling wa mtengo wa zipatso, adalowera mmunda wobzala wa biohumus, kuchokera pa 2 mpaka 10 makilogalamu, kapena kuchokera 4 mpaka 20 malita a njira yothetsera madzi.
Kubzala udzu
Kuti mupeze udzu wokongola ndi udzu wobiriwira, 10 kg ya mbewu ayenera kuthiridwa mu 100 ml ya vermicompost tiyi. Mu chigawo cha dziko lapansi, vani 0,5-1 l wa feteleza pafupipafupi, fesani nthaka yokonzeka ndi mbewu. Ndibwino kuti muzitha kusamalira udzu ndi mchere tsiku ndi tsiku, malinga ndi kufunikira, kawiri pa mwezi. 
Mapulogalamu ogwiritsira ntchito komanso ogwiritsira ntchito
Biohumus ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa nthaka nthawi iliyonse ya chaka, ntchito yake idzakhala yolungama nthawi zonse, popeza kuti kusungunuka madzi kapena mvula sizingathe kutsuka zigawo zomwe zimapangitsa nthaka kukhala yabwino.
Komabe, pali malamulo ena odyera, omwe ndi ofunika kusunga kuti athandizidwe bwino.
Zomera zokongola
Malingana ndi kukula kwa zomera, mtundu wawo ndi makulidwe a malo m'nthaka, kompositi ya worm imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtunda uliwonse wa udzu, 1 l kapena 300 ml pa mbeu.
Phunzirani zambiri za zomera zokongoletsera monga skumampia, kanyumba konyezimira, Koronetus korona, mthethe, Vangutta spirea, Brugmancia, heather.Kuonjezera maonekedwe a zomera, kusintha mtundu wawo ndi kutalikitsa nyengo, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kuyenera kuchitidwa katatu pa nyengo pamapeto pa mlungu uliwonse. Vermicompost imalimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu ndi kukula kwa mbali ya mlengalenga ya mbewu. Chomera chokongoletsera chomera fetelezachi sichinthu chofanana chophatikizapo mphamvu yogwira ntchito ndi chitetezo.
Mitundu yamkati
Biohumus ndi feteleza ofunika kwambiri kwa zomera zamkati. Pokhala wokondweretsa chilengedwe ndi otetezeka kwa ena, sichidzapangitsa mpweya kupuma ndi anthu okhala m'nyumba zomwe zimakhala ndi zomera zapakhomo, zowononga ndipo sizidzasokoneza thanzi labwino, kupweteka kwa mutu komanso matenda ena.
Ndikofunikira! Biohumus ndi youma kapena madzi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi mawonekedwe a kumasulidwa molingana ndi malangizo ogwiritsidwa ntchito.Feteleza umasakanizidwa mu kubzala nthaka ndi kuchuluka kwa gawo limodzi m'magawo anayi a dziko lapansi. Kudyetsa kwapakati kumaphatikizapo kukhazikitsa ma supuni 2 a zothetsera miyezi iwiri iliyonse.
Pakatha mlungu umodzi, zomera zimatulutsidwa katatu kuti zisonkhanitse zobiriwira, kulimbitsa ndi kuchiza pamwamba pa mbeu. 
Zitsamba ndi mitengo ya zipatso
Mitengo panthawi ya kukula ikuyenera kutsukidwa kamodzi ndi ndondomeko 15%, zitsamba zingathe kutsukidwa kawiri.
N'zotheka kupeza zokolola chaka chotsatira popopera mtengo pachigawo chodzala masamba. Ndibwino kuti mulch centimeter wosanjikiza dothi kuzungulira mtengo kapena shrub, mwanjira iyi imachulukitsa zokolola.
Zitetezero za chitetezo
Palibe feteleza ambiri omwe angapikisane ndi biohumus pazinthu zotetezera. Osati kwa anthu, osati kwa zinyama, osati ngakhale njuchi, ngakhale zimathandiza kulimbana ndi tizilombo tina, mphutsi ya kompositi si yoopsa.
Mukamaigwiritsa ntchito, malamulo a chitetezo ndi achilendo, osachepera. Komabe, palibe munthu amene sagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chinthu chilichonse, kotero anthu omwe ali ndi chizoloŵezi cha kufooka ayenera kusamala.
Mitengo iyeneranso kutetezedwa popanda kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala osagwirizana.
Ndikofunikira! Dothi limene peat ndilo chigawo chachikulu, ndiletsedwa kuthana ndi biohumus, ladzaza ndi kutentha kwa mizu ndi imfa ya zomera zonse! Ngati cholakwika choterocho chapangidwa, chomeracho chiyenera kuchotsedwa pomwepo ndikuyikidwa mu chidebe ndi madzi. Mwamsanga izi zimachitika, mwayi waukulu wopulumutsa mbewu.
Biohumus ndi wotchuka ngati feteleza. Kukhala chinthu chobadwa mwachibadwa, kubwezeretsa nthaka, kumalimbikitsa kukula, maluwa, fruiting, kumapangitsa kukoma kwa zomera. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumabweretsa madalitso apadera ndipo amasangalatsa awo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito izo, nthawizonse ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri.
