Kawirikawiri m'minda mungapeze madontho a nthaka, odzaza ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri, ngati kuti ali ndi mapepala okongola. Mitengo iyi imatchedwa ndi anthu - "matsulo". Dzina la sayansi la maluwa awa ndi Portulaca (portulaca). Dziko lakwawo - madera otentha a kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. Ndi zokwawa zokhazikika, ngakhale kuti zakula pano chaka chimodzi chifukwa sizinasinthidwe mpaka nyengo yathu yachisanu.
Mukudziwa? Dzina la chomeracho chimachokera ku liwu lachilatini "portula", limene limamasulira ngati chipata chaching'ono. Maluwawo ankatchulidwa kwambiri chifukwa bokosi la mbewulo lili ndi mawonekedwe otseguka.
Purslane yafala ndipo ikuphatikizapo mitundu 200. Mitundu yake iwiri yokha imayimilidwa mu chikhalidwe: portulak yaikulu ndi yoyendera munda wamaluwa, yomwe iliyonse imaphatikizapo mitundu yambiri.
Portulaca grandiflora (Portulaca grandiflora)
Chomeracho chimafika kutalika kwa masentimita 30. Masamba ake ndi ang'onoang'ono, minofu, yamakono, wobiriwira kapena wofiira. Zimayambira zokwawa. Maluwawo ndi ofiira, okhala ndi awiri a 2.5-3 masentimita, ali ndi mawonekedwe a chikho cha zisanu zamkati zimagwirizana pamodzi. Pali mitundu yosavuta komanso yofiira, mitundu yosiyanasiyana: yofiira, yoyera, kirimu, lalanje, wachikasu, pinki. Nthawi ya maluwa ya Portulac ikuchokera mu June mpaka October.
Mukudziwa? Maluwa amakhala ndi tsiku limodzi, koma maluwa omwe ali m'nkhalango ndi obiriwira kwambiri moti amawongolera, ngati kuti akufalikirabe.
Mtundu uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maluwa okongola. Puloteni yophimba nthaka ndi nthaka. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakoma a miyala, miyala yochepetsera miyala, pamapiri a mapiri a alpine, m'mapikisano (kutsogolo), ngati chomera chophimba. Pa dothi louma, udzu umapangidwira. Komanso anabzala m'miphika atapachikidwa ndi mabokosi m'mabwalo, loggias.
Kwa okongola wamaluwa amasonyeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya portulaca grandiflora. Timafotokoza kwambiri.
Chokongoletsera
Chomera cha zosiyanasiyana ndi chimodzi cha otsika kwambiri, kutalika kwa zimayambira sikudutsa 10-12 masentimita. Ili ndi tsinde lamphamvu. Masamba - aang'ono, minofu, cylindrical. Maluwa - matope, ofiira owala kwambiri, okhala ndi masentimita asanu ndi asanu. Amamera kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa June mpaka chisanu. Maluwa amatseguka kokha nyengo ya nyengo.
Ndikofunikira! Nsalu zofiira za Portugo zimakhala zotentha kwambiri, zopanda chilala komanso zofunikira kwambiri. Ngakhale ndi pang'ono mdima amaima kuponya maluwa. Amakonda zouma mchenga ndi dothi la mchenga.
Ikani pepala lofiira lofiira kuti mutenge m'mabotolo, mabokosi a khonde, pakati pa mbale za njira za m'munda. Anagwiritsa ntchito kukongoletsa mapiri otsetsereka.
Belotsvetkovy
Mitundu imeneyi imakhala yochititsa chidwi chifukwa cha lalikulu loyera la terry inflorescences lomwe limawoneka ngati marshmallows. Imamera msanga ndikukula - m'kanthawi kochepa chitsamba chake chimatha kufika 35-40 masentimita. Kukaniza kutentha ndi chilala. Amatha kukula ndi kuphukira ngakhale pamtunda popanda kuvala kwina.
M'malo amaluwa amtundu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokongoletsa mapiri amphepete, malire, ophika m'miphika ndi zitsulo.
"Pun"
Chifukwa chakuti purslane zosiyanasiyana "Kalambur" ambiri kufalikira, ndi yabwino nthaka chivundikiro chomera. Mphuno imakhala ndi maluwa awiri omwe ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yowala ndi masentimita 4 masentimita. Akufuna malo a dzuwa. Amapatsa dothi, kuwala, dothi la mchenga, koma amapulumuka ngakhale mu dothi losauka kwambiri. Chilala chikulimbana
Oyenera kupanga mabedi a maluwa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zithunzi za alpine ndi malire.
Orange
The purslane lalanje ili ndi tsinde lamphamvu. Amakula mpaka 10-12 masentimita mu msinkhu. Maluwawo ndi ofunika kwambiri lalanje mtundu wake ndi mamita awiri masentimita. Mitundu imeneyi imabzalidwa mumchenga wouma komanso nthaka yamchenga. Ali ndi chilala chosalala, nthawi zambiri amamwetsera iye ku chirichonse. Silingalekerere kutentha ndi mthunzi.
Kukonzekera kwa malo kumagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabedi a maluwa ndi mapiri a miyala. Anabzala m'miphika ya maluwa, ali ndi mipanda, loggias, mawindo a mawindo. N'zotheka kudzala miphika ngati chomera chamtengo wapatali.
"Sanglo"
Mbali yaikulu ya "Sanglo" ndi yakuti maluwa ake, mosiyana ndi mitundu yambiri ya mitundu, musatseke nyengo yamvula. Komanso, amapereka maluwa akuluakulu - mpaka masentimita 6. Inflorescences akhoza kukhala mitundu yosiyanasiyana: zoyera, zofiira, golidi, lalanje, pinki, pichesi.
Mofanana ndi portulakovy ambiri, ndi chomera chofewa komanso chachangu chomwe chimatsutsana kwambiri ndi kutentha ndi chilala komanso kusowa kwa nthaka.
Zikuwoneka bwino m'mabedi a maluwa, pamene kukongoletsa kumadutsa.
"Sonya"
Portulaca "Sonya" amatanthauza zomera zomwe zingamere pa nthaka yosauka. Imamera bwino dzuwa lotseguka m'madera opanda nthaka yamchenga. Kusakaniza kumeneku kumapanga maluwa okongola omwe amamera kwambiri komanso kwa nthawi yaitali.
Pakampaniyi ikulimbikitsidwa kuti ikhale yopangidwa ndi mapiri a alpine, miyala yamaluwa, yokongoletsa mapiri otsetsereka.
"Splendex"
"Splendex" imakopa chidwi ndi maluwa ake akuluakulu a pinki kapena a maluwa okongola. Ndimaluwa obiriwira omwe amatha kukhala ndi masentimita 10. Zimayambira ndi zobiriwira zobiriwira. Mapangidwe a maluwa akhoza kukhala ophweka kapena terry. M'kati mwake, iwo amafika 3-4 masentimita.
Lingaliro limeneli ndi lothandiza kupanga zolemba zamagetsi ndi magulu a gulu pa udzu, chifukwa cha kutsogolo kwa miyala ya rockeries ndi alpine slides. Splendex imatha kukongoletsedwa ndi zipinda.
Cherry
Mitengo yodabwitsa ndi nthambi zambiri zimayambira mpaka 12 cm. Maluwa mu tchire "Cherry", mtundu wa chitumbuwa, motero dzina. Monga mitundu yambiri ya portulaca, Cherry amakonda kuwala ndi kutentha. Amasinthasintha mosavuta ku nyengo yoziziritsa, yozizira. Imalekerera nyengo yotentha ndi youma. Amamera kwambiri, kuyambira June mpaka chisanu. Amafuna zosavuta komanso osakhala madzi okwanira.
Yesetsani kukongoletsa mapiri otsetsereka a malowa, pakupanga malire, mapiri a miyala, mu mabedi. Anabzala muzitumbu ndi zitsulo.
Flamenco
Flamenco - terry purslane mpaka 20 cm pamwamba ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana ndi mizu yolimba. Maluwawo ali awiri, okhala ndi mamita 4-6 masentimita, a mithunzi yosiyanasiyana. Amamva bwino mu nthaka youma, mchenga ndi miyala. Dothi lolemera ndi asidi silikugwirizana naye. Osauka amamera pa nthaka yachonde yochuluka komanso nyengo yamvula. Ikhoza kukhala ndi moyo kwa nthawi yaitali popanda ulimi wothirira, imamwe madzi okha ndi chilala cholimba.
Portulaca "Flamenco" yomwe idabzalidwa m'mapiri a kum'mwera kwa mabedi ndi mapiri.
Munda wa Portulaca (Portulaca oleracea)
Kuwonjezera pa kukongoletsa, pali munda kapena zakudya (masamba) purslane. Nthawi zina imatchedwanso "dandur". Ichi ndi chomera chaka chilichonse mpaka masentimita 40 mu msinkhu ndi masamba obiriwira bwino ndi maluwa achikasu ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi mamita 7-8 mm. Amamera kuyambira June mpaka September.
Chifukwa chakuti portulaca imeneyi imatha kumera pafupifupi dothi lililonse, imakhala ngati udzu. Ngakhale dandur uyu akuchiritsa ndi zabwino zokoma katundu. Pophika, pali maphikidwe ambiri a mbale, zomwe zimaphatikizapo ndi purslane. Kuyambira masamba ake ndi zimayambira, mukhoza kuphika soups, saladi, pickle, kuwonjezera monga zokometsera mu masamba mbale, gravy ndi sauces.
Mukudziwa? Purslane masamba ali ndi vitamini A, B, E, PP, K, chakudya, mapulotini, carotene, ascorbic ndi nicotinic acids, magnesium, potassium, calcium, zinki, chitsulo, manganese.
Purslane ndi yabwino kwambiri antioxidant ndi diuretic. Amaphatikizidwanso ku zitsamba zamankhwala pochiza matenda a impso ndi chiwindi, chifukwa cha kusowa tulo. Zimakhulupirira kuti zimakhudza normalization ya kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi shuga la magazi.
Garden purslane imaphatikizanso mitundu yambiri.
"Kuzminsky Semko"
Mitundu imeneyi imapezeka pamtambo wobiriwira ndi masamba achikasu ndi maluwa achikasu. Chomeracho ndi thermophilic, kwambiri kotero kuti chimatha kukula pa otsika kutentha, ndipo pa chisanu chopanda kanthu.
"Macovei"
Chomera cholimba cha masamba ndi tsinde kutalika kwa 30-35 masentimita. Masamba ake ndi osalala, owala, ophwanyika. Zokolola zobiriwira - 1.5 makilogalamu / sq. m Kutentha. Wodzichepetsa kunthaka. Masamba ndi nsonga za zimayambira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga saladi komanso kumalongeza.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kuchiritsira, zimalimbikitsidwa ngati wothandizira-machiritso komanso ngati chiwalo cha matenda a shuga, matenda a impso ndi chiwindi.
"Zosokoneza"
Portulaca "Zodabwitsa" zimakonda kuwala, kutentha, sikulekerera kutentha kwenikweni. Mitengo yamtengo wapatali ndi masamba obiriwira a zobiriwira ndi zobiriwira-pinki mtundu. Zosiyanasiyana ndi kucha kucha - nthawi yochokera kumera mpaka masiku 25-30 okha. Pophika, akulangizidwa ngati njira yowonjezera sipinachi. Kuchokera ku masamba a "Chodabwitsa" iwo amakonzekera multivitamin saladi, kuphika supu, kuzigwiritsa ntchito mu sauces komanso ngati zokometsera zophika nyama, ndi kuzifota ndi marinated.
"Firefly"
Dera la portulak "Firefly" limapatsa zowutsa, zowonongeka komanso masamba. Amamera msinkhu kufika pamasentimita 45 mpaka 50. Lolowlane iyi imakonda malo a dzuwa, a mthunzi, nthaka yachonde ndi yonyowa. Ndi mita imodzi ya masentimita mukhoza kusonkhanitsa makilogalamu 2.5 a masamba ndi mphukira kuti mugwiritsire ntchito chakudya. Maluwa amadwala kukoma.
"Firefly" akulangizidwa kuti adye anthu omwe akudwala matenda a shuga, impso ndi chiwindi.
Kwa nyengo ya chilimwe, portulak ndi yosangalatsa, choyamba, chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwake. Pamene mukubzala, m'pofunika kukumbukira kuti chomerachi ndi chofewa komanso chikondi, kotero, ndikofunikira kusankha malo owala. Kutentha kwakukulu ndi 20-26 C. Ngakhale maluwawo amalekerera mosavuta pang'ono kuchepa madigiri. Sole purslane amakonda mchenga, wopanda peat.
Amafunikanso kuthirira nthawi zonse, kupalira ndi kupatulira. Pokhapokha ngati zifukwa zonsezi zikuwonetsedwa, "zokwera" zamaluwa zokongola zomwe zidzakondweretsani mu chilimwe.
