Khwerero ndi sitepe kayendetsedwe kabwino ka tsabola: kubzala ndi kusamalira mbande, kunyamula nthawi yake, kulumikiza pa nthawi yake, kuumitsa ndi kubzala poyera

Mbeu za tsabola omwe ndi osadzichepetsa kwambiri powasamalira mbewu zonse za masamba.

Zinthu zazikulu - osati nkhawa, kutentha kwa madzi ndi kusintha kwa madzi, zosankha za panthawi yake.

Ngakhale kuli kofunikira kutsatira malamulo osavuta.

Nkhani ya lero ndi tsabola: kubzala ndi kusamalira mbande za tsabola kunyumba.

Kufesa

Mbeu ya pepper yakukula ndi kusamalira. Kuphika mbewu: ife timatuluka, timataya tating'ono, zouma, zowonongeka. Timagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a potaziyamu permanganate kwa theka la ora, kuchapa, kulowetsani tsiku lililonse mu njira yothetsera mbande malinga ndi malangizo. Mbeu zokonzedwa bwino zidzakhala zakuda. Manga mu nsalu yonyowa ndi kuiyika mukutentha. Tikudikira mpaka mphukira ikuphuka.

Pewani pansi, kuthira madzi otentha. Bzalani mbeu 2-3 mu miphika yosiyana. Muzitsamba zomwe timapatsa timapanga tizilombo tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono titafika masentimita 5, pakati pa mbeu - 2-3 masentimita. Timapukuta nthaka youma, yomwe ingalole kuti mpweya ndi kuwala zidutse bwino, ndikusiya malo oti azigona.

Timaphimba ndi galasi kapena filimu kuti nthaka ikhale yowonongeka. Kwa wochezeka kutuluka kwa mphukira kukhala kutentha kwa 20-25 °.

Timachepetsa kutentha kwa maonekedwe a oyambirira kufika 10-15 °, kuchepetsa kukula kwa mbali yobiriwira, motero kumalimbitsa mizu. Tidzakonza kutentha kwa sabata, ndipo chapamwamba chidzayamba kukula.

Ndikofunikira! Pansi pa kubzala ayenera kusamalira kugwa. Timapaka chisakanizo cha humus ndi dothi ladothi mu zidebe kapena mabokosi, muzisiye m'chipinda chosasunthika. Mu Januwale, timayambitsa chisakanizo, kutenthetsa ndi kutentha (½ supuni ya tiyi pa 5 malita) yankho lamadzi la manganese.

Akuwombera

Kusamalira mbande za tsabola mutatha kumera. Zafupi patapita sabata pali ziphuphuyomwe inawonekera patapita kuposa ena onse omwe tifika. Timachita zosavuta kumasula pakati pa mizere. Pambuyo pa mphukira za zomera zonse, timaziika poyera. Onetsetsani ulamuliro wa kutentha - 25-28 ° masana, 12-15 ° usiku, mwinamwake mbewu idzatambasula. Timapanga kenakake kenakake pambuyo pa maonekedwe a masamba a cotyledonary. Ife timatayika otayika, ofooka, odetsa.

Kusankha

Pofuna kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zowola mizu, mbande zimathamanga pa siteji ya mawonekedwe awiri enieni, Masabata 3-4 pambuyo pa kumera. Zotsatirazi ndi izi:

• Ola limodzi musanasambe bwino.
• Momwemo madzi amathirira nthaka. Tikudikira madzi ochulukirapo. Kupanga dzenje.
• Kukumba malo apadera, kapena supuni yaikulu. Kuti musamavulaze phesi, tengani chomera ndi "makutu." Sakanizani msana waukulu. Timayika mbande ku masamba osungunuka. Ife mopepuka timagwedeza dziko lapansi.
• Tsabola sakonda kusungulumwa. Timayika zinthu ziwiri mu chidebe chimodzi.
• Kuthiriraonetsetsani tsabola mpaka chinyezi chizidziwika bwino. Timayika mbande pawindo. Ife timakhala mthunzi kuchokera ku kuwala kwa dzuwa. Kutentha kwa dothi sayenera kukhala pansi pa 15 °.

Kenaka, tiyeni tiyankhule za momwe tingasamalire mbande za tsabola titatha kutola?

Kusinthanitsa

Kodi ndikufunika kutsinja mbande za tsabola? Zothandiza pa mitundu yokoma, yosakanizidwa. Kujambula sikofunikira kwa tsabola wowawa. Ndondomekoyi imayambitsa maonekedwe a masitepe, zokolola zambiri, zimachepetsa maluwa oyambirira. Malamulo awa ndi awa:

• Musamamine mbande panthawi yopulumukira, kuika, kusinthanitsa.
• Ngati palibe mbeu yokwanira, ndipo kukwera kwake sikukhala kosavuta, ndiye Mphukira pambali musachotse.
• Pulani zomera zamphamvu zokha.
• Mikasi yaing'ono kudula pamwamba pambuyo pa tsamba lachinayi loona.
• Kutaya ndi olamulira kukula.

Ndikofunikira! Ngati kunyoza kwachitika, zitsamba zokha zazitali zimapangidwa kenako.

Kuthirira

Pepper zonyansa. Madzi okha pansi pazu, amathetsa madzi kutentha, 1-2 pa sabata. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa pang'ono nthawi zonse. Sitilola kuti madzi asungunuke mu poto. Kutaya tsiku ndi tsiku.

Kupaka pamwamba

Musanayambe mphukira kudyetsa calcium nitrate Kuyeretsedwa ndi madzi mu chiŵerengero cha kilogalamu pa lita imodzi.

Pali zambiri zomwe mungachite:

• 2 tbsp. single superphosphate, 1 tsp potaziyamu sulphate, 1 tsp urea pa 10 malita a madzi osungunuka;
• ammonium nitrate njira;
• feteleza okonzeka kwa mbande, monga Fort, Agricola, Mortar;
• Musanabzala mbande m'malo osatha, timathandizira tsabola ndi potashi-phosphorous-feteleza feteleza.

Kusintha

Kuti mbande izipitirize kukula bwinobwino, chakumapeto kwa mwezi wa May, tilitumiza ku miphika yeniyeni. Maonekedwe a nthaka ndi ofanana ndi momwe akubzala ndi kudula. Sitimapukuta nthaka, kotero ndi bwino mpweya wokwanira. Pa chidebe cha nthaka, onjezani theka kapu ya phulusa ndi supuni ya double superphosphate, kapena "tomato wamkulu" malingana ndi malangizo. Timayendetsa mosamala kuti chipinda cha pansi chikhale chosasunthika.

Kulemetsa

Kuyamba milungu iwiri musanafike kusamukira kumunda. Awonetseni mbande mpweya wabwino. Tetezani ku zojambula, kutsogolo kwa dzuwa. Kutentha sayenera kukhala pansipa + 10 °. Timavumbulutsira maola angapo, ndiye kwa tsiku, ndipo potsirizira pake, kwa tsiku. Usiku, poyamba timaphimba ndi zofunda. Musamamwe madzi usiku ndi nyengo yamvula.

Kufika pansi

Chakumapeto kwa May, tsabola amasamutsidwa ku greenhouses, kapena greenhouses. Mu nthaka - kumayambiriro kwa June. Timabzala mbande pamalo osatha osapitirira 25-30 masentimita mu msinkhu, ndi masamba 12-14, wandiweyani, masentimita 3-4 pansipa, ndi tsinde, pa siteji ya ovary yoyamba. Kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kumayenera kukhala pa 15-18 ° C. Kuti mumvetsetse bwino Timapita madzulo kutentha kutatha. Usiku kutentha, nyemba zimakhala zosavuta kumera.

Timabweretsa peat ndi humus m'nthaka pasanafike, kuzikumba mu bayonet, Thirani supuni ya feteleza mchere mu chitsime chilichonse. Kuwona umphumphu wa chivundikiro cha nthaka timachotsa tsabola kunja kwa miphika, kuziika m'mitsuko, kuzidzaza ndi nthaka popanda kutseka khola. Zambirimbiri madzi, mulch ndi peat kapena lotayirira lapansi.

Kotero, ife tinauza momwe tingasamalire mbande za tsabola kunyumba? Anatanthauzira ndondomeko yoyenera kubzala, kusamalira ndi kukula mbande za tsabola.

Ngati mbande zikukula molondola ntchito zapadera ndi tsabola zatha. Kumalo osatha, chisamaliro chimangotetezedwa ku tizirombo, ulimi wothirira bwino ndi kukolola kwakanthaŵi.

Zida zothandiza

Werengani nkhani zina pa mbande za tsabola:

• Kulima bwino mbewu ndi kuti zizitsitsimule musanadzalemo?
• Kodi mungapange bwanji nandolo zakuda, tsabola, zowawa kapena zokoma panyumba?
• Zifukwa zazikulu zomwe masambawo amapotoka pa mphukira, mbande zimagwa kapena kutambasula.
• Migwirizano yobzala m'madera a Russia makamaka makamaka kulima ku Urals, Siberia ndi Moscow dera.
• Phunzirani yisiti yopangira feteleza maphikidwe.